|
IEC 62364
Edition 2.0 2019-01
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Hydraulic machines – Guidelines for dealing with hydro-abrasive erosion
in kaplan, francis, and pelton turbines
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
IEC Central Office Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de
CH-1211 Geneva 20
Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.
IEC publications search - webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a The world's leading online dictionary on electrotechnology,
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical containing more than 22 000 terminological entries in English
committee,…). It also gives information on projects, replaced and French, with equivalent terms in 16 additional languages.
and withdrawn publications. Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary
(IEV) online.
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published IEC Glossary - std.iec.ch/glossary
details all new publications released. Available online and 67 000 electrotechnical terminology entries in English and
once a month by email. French extracted from the Terms and Definitions clause of
IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries have been
IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37, 77, 86 and
If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or CISPR.
need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service
.
IEC 62364
Edition 2.0 2019-01
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Hydraulic machines – Guidelines for dealing with hydro-abrasive erosion
in kaplan, francis, and pelton turbines
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 23.100.10; 27.140 ISBN 978-2-8322-6431-7
– 2 – IEC 62364:2019 RLV IEC 2019
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 6
INTRODUCTION . 8
1 Scope . 9
2 Terms, definitions and symbols. 9
3 Abrasion rate Prediction of hydro-abrasive erosion rate . 13
3.1 Model for hydro-abrasive erosion depth . 13
3.2 Reference model . 15
3.3 Simplified hydro-abrasive erosion evaluation . 15
4 Design . 16
4.1 General . 16
4.2 Selection of abrasion resistant materials with high resistance to hydro-
abrasive erosion and coating . 17
4.3 Stainless steel overlays . 18
4.4 Water conveyance system . 18
4.5 Valve . 18
4.5.1 General . 18
4.5.2 Protection (closing) of the gap between housing and trunnion. 19
4.5.3 Stops located outside the valve . 19
4.5.4 Proper capacity of inlet valve operator . 19
4.5.5 Increase bypass size to allow higher guide vane leakage . 20
4.5.6 Bypass system design . 20
4.6 Turbine . 20
4.6.1 General . 20
4.6.2 Hydraulic design . 20
4.6.3 Mechanical design . 22
5 Operation and maintenance . 29
5.1 Operation . 29
5.2 Spares and regular inspections . 30
5.3 Particle sampling and monitoring . 30
6 Abrasion resistant materials Materials with high resistance to hydro-abrasive
erosion . 32
6.1 Guidelines concerning relative abrasion hydro-abrasive erosion resistance of
materials including abrasion hydro-abrasive erosion resistant coatings . 32
6.1.1 General . 32
6.1.2 Discussion and conclusions . 33
6.2 Guidelines concerning maintainability of abrasion hydro-abrasive erosion
resistant coating materials . 34
6.2.1 Definition of terms used in this subclause . 34
6.2.2 Time between overhaul for protective coatings . 34
6.2.3 Maintenance Repair of protective coatings. 36
7 Guidelines on insertions into specifications. 37
7.1 General . 37
7.2 Properties of particles going through the turbine . 38
7.3 Size distribution of particles . 39
Mineral composition of particles for each of the above mentioned periods.
Annex A (informative) PL calculation example . 41
Annex B (informative) Measuring and recording abrasion hydro-abrasive erosion
damages . 43
B.1 Recording abrasion hydro-abrasive erosion damage . 43
B.2 Pelton runner without coating . 44
B.3 Needle tip and mouth piece without coating . 44
B.4 Pelton runner with hardcoating . 44
B.5 Needle tip, seat ring and nozzle housing with coating . 44
B.6 Francis runner and stationary labyrinth without coating . 45
B.7 Francis runner with coating and stationary labyrinth . 45
B.8 Guide vanes and facing plates without coating . 46
B.9 Guide vanes and facing plates with coating . 46
B.10 Stay vanes . 46
B.11 Francis labyrinth seals uncoated . 47
B.12 Kaplan uncoated . 47
B.13 Kaplan coated . 47
B.14 Sample data sheets . 47
B.15 Inspection record, runner blade inlet . 49
B.16 Inspection record, runner blade outlet . 50
B.17 Inspection record, runner band . 51
B.18 Inspection record, guide vanes . 52
B.19 Inspection record, facing plates and covers . 53
B.20 Inspection record, upper stationary seal . 54
B.21 Inspection record, upper rotating seal . 55
B.22 Inspection record, lower stationary seal . 56
B.23 Inspection record, lower rotating seal . 57
B.24 Inspection record, runner bucket . 58
B.25 Inspection record, Pelton runner splitter . 59
Annex C (informative) Monitoring of particle concentration and properties and water
sampling procedure . 60
C.1 General . 60
C.2 Sampling before building a power station . 60
C.3 Sampling in existing power stations . 61
C.4 Logging of samples . 61
Annex D (informative) Procedures for analysis of particle concentration, size,
hardness and shape . 62
D.1 General . 62
D.2 Particle concentration . 62
D.3 Particle size distribution . 62
D.4 Mineralogical composition of the particles . 62
D.5 Particle geometry . 63
Annex E (informative) Tests of abrasion resistant materials .
Annex E (informative) Frequency of sediment sampling . 76
Annex F (informative) Typical criteria to determine overhaul time due to abrasion
hydro-abrasive erosion . 77
F.1 General . 77
F.2 Parameters which are observable while the unit is in operation . 77
F.3 Criteria that require internal inspection of the unit . 78
Annex G (informative) Example to calculate the amount of erosion in the full model the
hydro-abrasive erosion depth . 79
– 4 – IEC 62364:2019 RLV IEC 2019
Annex H (informative) Examples to calculate the TBO in the reference model . 81
Annex I (informative) Background for hydro-abrasive erosion depth model . 84
I.1 Theorical model Model background and derivation . 84
I.2 Introduction to the PL variable.
...