|
IEC 61315
Edition 3.0 2019-03
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Calibration of fibre-optic power meters
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
IEC Central Office Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de
CH-1211 Geneva 20
Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.
IEC publications search - webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a The world's leading online dictionary on electrotechnology,
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical containing more than 22 000 terminological entries in English
committee,…). It also gives information on projects, replaced and French, with equivalent terms in 16 additional languages.
and withdrawn publications. Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary
(IEV) online.
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published IEC Glossary - std.iec.ch/glossary
details all new publications released. Available online and 67 000 electrotechnical terminology entries in English and
once a month by email. French extracted from the Terms and Definitions clause of
IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries have been
IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37, 77, 86 and
If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or CISPR.
need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service
.
IEC 61315
Edition 3.0 2019-03
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Calibration of fibre-optic power meters
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 33.140; 33.180.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-6732-5
– 2 – IEC 61315:2019 RLV © IEC 2019
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions. 7
4 Preparation for calibration . 16
4.1 Organization. 16
4.2 Traceability . 17
4.3 Advice for measurements and calibrations . 17
4.4 Recommendations to customers users . 18
5 Absolute power calibration . 18
5.1 Calibration methods . 18
5.2 Establishing the calibration conditions . 19
5.3 Calibration procedure . 20
5.4 Calibration uncertainty . 21
5.4.1 General . 21
5.4.2 Uncertainty due to the setup . 22
5.4.3 Uncertainty of the reference meter . 22
5.4.4 Correction factors and uncertainty caused by the change of conditions . 23
5.4.5 Uncertainty due to the test meter spectral bandwidths . 27
5.5 Reporting the results . 28
6 Measurement uncertainty of a calibrated power meter . 28
6.1 Overview . 28
6.2 Uncertainty at reference conditions . 28
6.3 Uncertainty at operating conditions . 29
6.3.1 General . 29
6.3.2 Determination of dependences on conditions . 30
6.3.3 Ageing . 30
6.3.4 Dependence on temperature . 31
6.3.5 Dependence on the power level (nonlinearity). 31
6.3.6 Dependence on the type of fibre or on the beam geometry . 31
6.3.7 Dependence on the connector-adapter combination . 33
6.3.8 Dependence on wavelength . 33
6.3.9 Dependence on spectral bandwidth . 34
6.3.10 Dependence on polarization . 35
6.3.11 Other dependences . 35
7 Nonlinearity calibration . 35
7.1 General . 35
7.2 Nonlinearity calibration based on superposition . 36
7.2.1 General . 36
7.2.2 Procedure . 37
7.2.3 Uncertainties. 38
7.3 Nonlinearity calibration based on comparison with a calibrated power meter . 39
7.3.1 General . 39
7.3.2 Procedure . 39
7.3.3 Uncertainties. 39
7.4 Nonlinearity calibration based on comparison with an attenuator . 40
7.5 Calibration of power meter for high power measurement . 40
Annex A (normative) Mathematical basis for measurement uncertainty calculations . 41
A.1 General . 41
A.2 Type A evaluation of uncertainty . 41
A.3 Type B evaluation of uncertainty . 42
A.4 Determining the combined standard uncertainty . 42
A.5 Reporting . 43
Annex B (informative) Linear to dB scale conversion of uncertainties . 44
B.1 Definition of decibel . 44
B.2 Conversion of relative uncertainties . 44
Bibliography . 45
Figure 1 – Typical spectral responsivity of photoelectric detectors . 14
Figure 2 – Example of a traceability chain . 16
Figure 3 – Measurement setup for sequential, fibre-based calibration . 19
Figure 4 – Change of conditions and uncertainty . 24
Figure 5 – Determining and recording an extension uncertainty . 30
Figure 6 – Possible subdivision of the optical reference plane into 10 × 10 squares, for
the measurement of the spatial response . 31
Figure 7 – Wavelength dependence of response due to Fabry-Perot type interference . 34
Figure 8 – Measurement setup of polarization dependent response . 35
Figure 9 – Nonlinearity calibration based on superposition . 36
Figure 10 – Measurement setup for nonlinearity calibration by comparison . 39
Table 1 – Calibration methods and correspondent typical power . 19
Table 2 – Nonlinearity . 38
– 4 – IEC 61315:2019 RLV © IEC 2019
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
CALIBRATION OF FIBRE-OPTIC POWER METERS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as "IEC
Publication(s)"). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the
...