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IEC 62793
Edition 2.0 2020-09
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Thunderstorm warning systems – Protection against lightning
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IEC 62793
Edition 2.0 2020-09
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Thunderstorm warning systems – Protection against lightning
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 29.020; 91.120.40 ISBN 978-2-8322-8725-5
– 2 – IEC 62793:2020 © IEC 2020
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 8
3.1 Terms and definitions . 8
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 11
4 Thunderstorm phases and detectable phenomena for alarming. 12
5 Description of thunderstorm detectors and their properties . 13
6 Alarm method . 14
6.1 General . 14
6.2 Areas . 14
6.2.1 Target (TA) . 14
6.2.2 Surrounding area (SA) . 15
6.2.3 Monitoring area (MA) . 15
6.2.4 Coverage area (CA) . 15
6.3 Alarm triggering and clearing . 16
6.4 Alarm information delivery. 18
7 Installation . 18
8 Maintenance . 19
9 Performance evaluation . 19
9.1 General . 19
9.2 Evaluation of a TWS by cross-correlation with other sources of information . 20
10 TWS application . 21
Annex A (informative) Overview of the lightning phenomena . 22
A.1 Origin of thunderclouds and electrification . 22
A.2 Lightning phenomena . 22
A.3 Electric thunderstorm and lightning characteristics useful for prevention . 24
A.3.1 Electrostatic field . 24
A.3.2 Electromagnetic fields . 24
A.3.3 Other parameters useful in lightning detection . 24
Annex B (informative) Thunderstorm monitoring techniques . 26
B.1 General . 26
B.2 Single sensor detection techniques . 26
B.2.1 Generalities . 26
B.2.2 Detector based on electrostatic field . 26
B.2.3 Detector based on electromagnetic field . 26
B.3 Multi-sensor location techniques . 27
B.3.1 Generalities . 27
B.3.2 Magnetic direction finder (MDF) . 27
B.3.3 Time of arrival (TOA) . 27
B.3.4 Interferometry . 27
Annex C (informative) Recommended preventive actions . 28
Annex D (informative) Example of TWS evaluation . 29
D.1 Example of TWS evaluation on a wind turbine site . 29
D.2 Evaluation of TWS efficiency using LLS . 30
Annex E (normative) How to test thunderstorm detectors . 32
E.1 General . 32
E.2 Laboratory tests . 32
E.2.1 General . 32
E.2.2 Resistance to UV radiation tests (for non-metallic sensor housing) . 32
E.2.3 Resistance tests to corrosion (for metallic parts of sensor) . 33
E.2.4 Mechanical tests . 33
E.2.5 Index of protection confirmation (IP Code) . 33
E.2.6 Electric tests . 34
E.2.7 Marking test . 35
E.2.8 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 35
E.3 Optional tests on an open air platform under natural lightning conditions . 35
Annex F (informative) Application guide . 38
F.1 General . 38
F.2 Examples of application of a TWS . 39
F.2.1 Golf course . 39
F.2.2 Oil storage facility . 39
F.2.3 Crane . 39
F.3 Selection of parameters of TWS . 40
Bibliography . 43
Figure 1 – Examples of different target and surrounding areas . 15
Figure 2 – Principles of the coverage area (CA), the monitoring area (MA), the
surrounding area (SA) and the target (TA) . 16
Figure 3 – Example of an alarm . 18
Figure A.1 – Standard lightning classifications . 23
Figure D.1 – Lightning activity in the target (TA) in red and surrounding area (SA) in
orange for a period of fifteen years (2000-2014) . 29
Figure E.1 – Difference in electric field measurement during one thunderstorm event . 36
Figure F.1 – Human risk calculated for a crane with LPS at level I . 40
Figure F.2 – Example of the alarms given by a TWS based on an EFS with three
different field thresholds . 41
Figure F.3 – Example of the alarms given by a TWS based on an LLS with three
different radii of the monitoring area . 42
Table 1 – Parameters related to sensor technologies . 13
Table 2 – Local sensor characteristics . 14
Table 3 – Alarms related to LRE . 18
Table D.1 – Performance results of a TWS evaluation based on archived lightning data
for a 15-year period (2000-2014), related to some of the key parameters . 30
Table D.2 – Example of delivered alarms evaluation . 31
Table F.1 – Identification of typical hazardous situations where a TWS improves safety . 38
Table F.2 – Example of effect of settings on alarm performance . 41
– 4 – IEC 62793:2020 © IEC 2020
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
THUNDERSTORM WARNING SYSTEMS –
PROTECTION AGAINST LIGHTNING
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the
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