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CISPR TR 16-3
Edition 4.0 2020-10
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods –
Part 3: CISPR technical reports
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CISPR TR 16-3
Edition 4.0 2020-10
TECHNICAL
REPORT
colour
inside
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods –
Part 3: CISPR technical reports
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 33.100.10; 33.100.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-8957-0
– 2 – CISPR TR 16-3:2020 IEC 2020
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 16
1 Scope . 18
2 Normative references . 18
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 19
3.1 Terms and definitions. 19
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 22
4 Technical reports . 23
4.1 Correlation between measurements made with apparatus having
characteristics differing from CISPR characteristics and measurements
made with CISPR apparatus . 23
4.1.1 General . 23
4.1.2 Critical interference-measuring instrument parameters . 23
4.1.3 Impulse interference – correlation factors . 25
4.1.4 Random noise . 27
4.1.5 The root mean square (RMS) detector . 27
4.1.6 Discussion . 27
4.1.7 Application to typical noise sources . 27
4.1.8 Conclusions . 28
4.2 Interference simulators . 29
4.2.1 General . 29
4.2.2 Types of interference signals . 29
4.2.3 Circuits for simulating broadband interference . 30
4.3 Relationship between limits for open-area test site and the reverberation
chamber . 34
4.3.1 General . 34
4.3.2 Correlation between measurement results of the reverberation chamber
and OATS . 34
4.3.3 Limits for use with the reverberation chamber method . 35
4.3.4 Procedure for the determination of the reverberation chamber limit . 35
4.4 Characterization and classification of the asymmetrical disturbance source
induced in telephone subscriber lines by AM broadcasting transmitters in
the LW, MW and SW bands . 36
4.4.1 General . 36
4.4.2 Experimental characterization . 36
4.4.3 Prediction models and classification . 46
4.4.4 Characterization of the immunity-test disturbance source . 50
4.5 Predictability of radiation in vertical directions at frequencies above 30 MHz . 57
4.5.1 Summary . 57
4.5.2 Range of application . 58
4.5.3 General . 58
4.5.4 Method used to calculate field patterns in the vertical plane . 60
4.5.5 Limitations of predictability of radiation at elevated angles. 61
4.5.6 Differences between the fields over a real ground and the fields over a
perfect conductor . 89
4.5.7 Uncertainty ranges . 95
4.5.8 Conclusions . 97
4.6 The predictability of radiation in vertical directions at frequencies up to
30 MHz . 98
4.6.1 Range of application . 98
4.6.2 General . 99
4.6.3 Method of calculation of the vertical radiation patterns. 100
4.6.4 The source models . 100
4.6.5 Electrical constants of the ground . 102
4.6.6 Predictability of radiation in vertical directions . 102
4.6.7 Conclusions . 110
4.6.8 Figures associated with predictability of radiation in vertical directions . 111
4.7 Correlation between amplitude probability distribution (APD) characteristics
of disturbance and performance of digital communication systems . 146
4.7.1 General . 146
4.7.2 Influence on a wireless LAN system . 146
4.7.3 Influence on a Bluetooth system . 149
4.7.4 Influence on a W-CDMA system . 153
4.7.5 Influence on Personal Handy Phone System (PHS) . 156
4.7.6 Quantitative correlation between noise parameters and system
performance . 160
4.7.7 Quantitative correlation between noise parameters of repetition pulse
and system performance of PHS and W-CDMA (BER) . 163
4.8 Background material on the definition of the RMS-average weighting
detector for measuring receivers . 166
4.8.1 General – purpose of weighted measurement of disturbance . 166
4.8.2 General principle of weighting – the CISPR quasi-peak detector . 167
4.8.3 Other detectors defined in CISPR 16-1-1 . 167
4.8.4 Procedures for measuring pulse weighting characteristics of digital
radiocommunications services . 168
4.8.5 Theoretical studies . 171
4.8.6 Experimental results . 173
4.8.7 Effects of spread-spectrum clock interference on wideband
radiocommunication signal reception . 191
4.8.8 Analysis of the various weighting characteristics and proposal of a
weighting detector . 192
4.8.9 Properties of the RMS-average weighting detector . 194
4.9 Common mode absorption devices (CMAD) . 196
4.9.1 General . 196
4.9.2 CMAD as a two-port device . 198
4.9.3 Measurement of CMAD . 202
4.10 Background on the definition of the FFT-based receiver . 212
4.10.1 General . 212
4.10.2 Tuned selective voltmeters and spectrum analyzers . 213
4.10.3 General principle of a tuned selective voltmeter . 213
4.10.4 FFT-based receivers – digital signal processing . 214
4.10.5 Measurement errors specific to FFT processing . 218
4.10.6 FFT-based receivers – examples . 220
4.11 Parameters of signals at telecommunication ports. 233
4.11.1 General . 233
4.11.2 Estimation of common mode disturbance levels . 234
4.12 Background on CDNE equipment and measurement method . 235
– 4 – CISPR TR 16-3:2020 IEC 2020
4.12.1 General . 235
4.12.2 Historical overview . 236
4.12.3 From CDN to CDNE . 240
4.13 Background on LLAS, validation and measurement method . 243
4.13.1 General . 243
4.13.2 Historical overview . 243
4.13.3 Models and equations for the LLAS method . 244
5 Background and history of CISPR . 244
5.1 The history of CISPR . 244
5.1.1 T
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