Solar power generation, thermal power generation, hydroelectric power generation, which type of elec

Introduction Solar power generation, thermal power generation, hydroelectric power generation. What type of electricity production currently has the highest cost? Although solar energy is free, the price of photovoltaic panels is relatively high.

Solar power generation, thermal power generation, hydroelectric power generation, which type of elec

Currently it is solar energy. Although sunlight is free, the price of photovoltaic panels is relatively high. It can only be said that the cost will decrease after the scale.

Although thermal power generation requires the burning of coal and hydroelectric power generation requires the construction of dams, the technical threshold is much lower.

The most illustrative thing is that if the cost of solar power generation was not high, then solar power generation would have been popularized long ago and there would be no market for thermal energy and hydroelectricity.

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< p>Advantages

(1) Universal: The sun shines all over the earth, and there are no geographical restrictions, whether on land or sea, on mountains or islands. It can be directly expanded. and used without the need for emining and transportation. (2) Harmless: The development and use of solar energy will not pollute the environment. It is one of the cleanest sources of energy, which is extremely valuable today as environmental pollution becomes more and more serious. (3) Huge: The energy of solar radiation that reaches the Earth's surface each year is approximately equivalent to 130,000 billion tons of coal, and its total amount constitutes the largest energy that can be developed in the world today. (4) Long term: Based on the current rate of nuclear energy generated by the sun, the storage of hydrogen is enough to last for tens of billions of years, and life on earth is also about billions of years. we can say that the energy of the sun is used in an inexhaustible way.

Disadvantages

(1) Dispersion: Although the total amount of radiation isAlthough the distance reaching the Earth's surface is large, the density of the energy flow is very low. On average, near the Tropic of Cancer, when the weather is relatively clear in summer, the irradiance of solar radiation is greatest at noon. The average solar energy received in an area of ​​1 square meter perpendicular to the direction of sunlight is approx. 1000W if total averaged day and night throughout the year, that's only about 200W. In winter it is only about half, and on cloudy days it is usually only about 1/5. This energy flow density is very low. Therefore, when using solar energy, if we want to obtain a certain conversion power, we often need a set of collection and conversion equipment with a considerable area, which is expensive. (2) Instability: due to limitations of natural conditions such as day and night, season, latGeographical itude and altitude, as well as the influence of random factors such as clear weather, cloudy weather, clouds and rain, solar irradiation reaches a certain level. Some soils are intermittent and extremely unstable, making it more difficult to apply solar energy on a large scale. In order to make solar energy a continuous and stable energy source and ultimately become an alternative energy source that can compete with conventional energy sources, the problem of energy storage must be well solved , that is, the energy of solar radiation during clear days should be stored as much as possible for use at night or when it rains. It is used for everyday use, but currently energy storage is also one of the weakest links in solar energy use. (3) Low efficiency and high cost: At the current level of development of energy useie solar, certain aspects are theoretically feasible and technically mature. However, some devices using solar energy have low efficiency and high cost. Generally speaking, the economy cannot compete with conventional energy sources. In the future, for a while, the development of the use of solar energy, mainly limited by economic reasons.

Can ship locks use water to generate electricity?

In terms of pure system construction, water photovoltaic systems are mainly divided into water pile type and water floating platform type.

1. Since the construction of the foundation of the water pile photovoltaic system is more difficult, the cost will also increase to a certain extent. (For example, pump water, then drive the stakes, then attach the support)

2. The advantages and disadvantagesThe advantages of floating water photovoltaics are:

1. the advantages are as follows:

< p>①Save land use: built on water, it does not occupy land resources and can reduce land acquisition costs.

② Increase power generation: Water has a cooling effect on photovoltaic modules, which can suppress the increase in surface temperature of modules, thereby achieving power generation higher. According to a comparative analysis of experiments at a large-scale floating photovoltaic power plant in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan, the panel's power output increased by about 14% due to the surface cooling effect. some water.

③ Reduce evaporation and algae reproduction: Covering solar panels on the water surface can theoretically reduce water evaporation and inhibit algae reproductionin water, which is beneficial for the protection of water resources.

④ Convenient operation and maintenance: Photovoltaic power plants are built in water, which can reduce dust pollution on components and facilitate cleaning of components. At the same time, it is difficult for users and animals to access the components. which can effectively prevent people and animals from damaging the components.

⑤ Tourism benefits: The photovoltaic modules carefully arranged on the vast water surface can be used as a unique attraction and become a landscape in the area, bringing tourism benefits.

⑥ Avoid shading of modules: Compared with land, the water surface is relatively open, which can effectively prevent modules from being blocked by mountains, woods, etc. . The solar irradiation area is uniform and the lighting durationis long.

⑦ Reduce the cost of the tracking system: The angles and spacing of the components are consistent, making it easier to install and operate the solar tracking system. There is no need to install a two-axis tracking system for each. solar panel, which greatly reduces the cost of the tracking system.

⑧Cost saving: No foundation and component supports are required, saving the cost of foundation and supports and reducing costs.

⑨ Convenient consumption: Built in the waters near villages and towns, it can be consumed nearby, reducing adverse factors such as network connection difficulties and power outages, and improving efficiency.

2. There are some disadvantages:

① High requirements for floating equipment: floating water photovoltaics requires floating equipment to support the paphotovoltaic panels, and the floating frame has corrosion resistance, low density, and resistance to frost heaving, wind and wave resistance, service life, bearing capacity, etc. all have higher demands.

② High requirements for site selection: The site of the floating water photovoltaic farm should be selected in a location with a large area, stable runoff, low wind speed, good water conditions. lighting, low water level changes, good development conditions, and no large-scale navigation, ecologically non-sensitive areas and other waters.

③There are many uncertain factors: strong winds, water level, ice and other factors have a greater impact. At the same time, it is necessary to monitor whether photovoltaic modules have adverse effects on water. quality, fish, plants, etc.

④The idiotconstruction is difficult: Many factors need to be considered during the construction process and water supply operations are very difficult.It is difficult to use heavy machinery in large quantities for high-efficiency construction. The process requirements are relatively higher and the construction period will also increase accordingly. There are many jobs that require diving or being on a boat. Balance and safety must be considered during operations on board, and facilities such as swimming pools and dams must not be damaged.

Locks can use water to produce electricity. According to relevant public information, the basic principle of hydropower is to use the water level difference to generate electricity using a hydropower generator, that is, the potential energyThe water is converted into mechanical energy of the water wheel. Then the mechanical energy is used to drive the generator to obtain electricity. Scientists take advantage of the natural conditions of water level difference, effectively use fluid engineering and mechanical physics, and carefully combine them to achieve the highest power generation capacity, so that people can use an electricity cheap and pollution-free. Low-level water absorbs sunlight and circulates water throughout the earth, restoring the high-level water source. In 1882, the first recorded application of hydroelectric power took place in Wisconsin, United States. So far, the scale of hydroelectric power ranges from micro-scales, tens of watts used in rural areas of the third world, to millions of watts used to power large cities.

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