The main commercial applications of lithium batteries include graphite, which is a sheet of copper used to guide current and which does not react. Another safe negative electrode material is lithium titanium Li4Ti5O12. It is safer because its reaction voltage is around 1.5V compared to Li/Li+, so there will be no metallic lithium deposited on its surface, causing safety risks. Anode materials recently used in industrial production mainly include silicon in nanoscale form, but there are also some such as nano-TiO2.
If it is in the research field, there are too many negative electrode materials. Some people use graphene as the negative electrode material, or use lithium alloys.