Since the poster asks this question, you may not know much about nuclear power plants. It doesn't matter, I can give you a simple explanation. Although the above statement is correct, it is too professional and not easy. to understand. OK, to begin with, first of all, we need to know that the electricity generation principle of a nuclear power plant is to use the continuous thermal energy generated by the nuclear reactor to heat water and transform water in water at high temperature and high pressure. steam These vapors have enough energy to run the generator and produce electricity. We can imagine a nuclear reactor like a sun, constantly emitting heat. If we do not export the heat generated by this "sun" in time, then this sun will destroy everything around it. It is therefore necessary to use a pump which allows water to pass continuously through the bare reactorclear and to evacuate the energy released by the reactor at any time. We professionally call the water that carries away heat from a nuclear reactor "coolant." That’s probably what the poster is asking!
The concept of cooling water is actually very broad. It does not refer to specific water from nuclear power plants. Any water used to cool devices or equipment at a nuclear power plant may be called cooling water. Cooling water has different classifications depending on the objects it cools. Here I can give you an example. I just said that a pump is used to continuously remove heat from the nuclear reactor. The electrical power of this pump is very large, so its motor will generate a lot of heat during operation. remove this part of the heat to protect this pump, because this pump is very important. It is the heart of the nuclear power plantary. If the heat cannot be discharged in time, it will go out! The nuclear reactor will stop working immediately! Many pieces of equipment in a nuclear power plant need to be cooled, so cooling water is available everywhere. The role of this conventional thermal power plant is the same. I think the poster's question refers more to the concept of "coolant", as that is the term specific to nuclear power plants.
What are the methods of producing electricity?
The cooling water from nuclear power plants will be recycled.
The cooling fluid of the primary circuit is generally called heat transfer or moderator (neutron moderator). This is light water under pressure (ordinary water), since it is in contact with the reactor core. will be radioactive; the cooling water of the secondary circuit has the same function as an ordinary thermal power plantarea. It is heated and transformed into steam to produce electricity, and there is no radioactivity.
The third loop generally uses filtered water from the Haihe River. After cooling the secondary loop, it is then discharged towards the coast or along the river. The discharged water does not contain radioactivity, but due to the release of. excess heat in the secondary loop, there is therefore thermal pollution in relation to the emission medium.
Under normal circumstances, when hot water enters the cooling tower to be cooled, only a small amount of steam comes out (white smoke), and most of the water can be recycled after being cooled, and it will be. is not radioactive.
The principle of nuclear power plants:
In a pressurized water reactor, a large amount of heat is generated by the auto chain fission reaction -maintenanceBare nuclear fuel atoms and coolant (also called heat transfer body) bring heat from the reactor into the steam generating generator and transfer the heat to its working fluid, water.
Next, the main circulation pump returns the coolant to the reactor for recycling, thus forming a loop, called the first loop. This process is the energy conversion process in which nuclear fission energy is converted into thermal energy.
The working fluid on the secondary side outside the U-shaped tube of the steam generator is heated and evaporates to form steam. Steam enters the steam turbine and expands to do work, converting the thermal energy released by it. the enthalpy drop of the steam in the mechanical energy of the rotation of the steam turbine rotor. This process is called conver processenergy sion in which thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy.
Reference for the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia - Nuclear Power Plant
The power generation method is characterized by: firstly, a power generation medium liquid energy, ammonia or ammonia under pressure. 0.1 to 5.0 MPa Formaldehyde or propane or propylene or propyne is pressurized to a pressure of 1.0 to 50.0 MPa with a pump, and high pressure water vapor in the method Existing power generation is used to expand water vapor at low pressure after electricity generation or boiler production. The high temperature flue gases and radiant heat or water vapor generated by the boiler are heated to vaporize them. After vaporization, they expand to generate energy. After expansion at a pressure of 0.1 to 5.0 MPa, they are produced. cooled with water or milletrefrigeration site to liquefy it. The resulting power generation medium is again pressurized to 1.0-50.0 MPa with a pump as described above, heated and vaporized by a heat source, and expanded to produce power.