How does water evaporate?

Introduction How does water evaporate? The factors that cause water to evaporate are: 1. Solar radiation Solar radiation directly provides the energy necessary for evaporation. Especially for water evaporation, solar radiation is almost entirely used for evaporation.

How does water evaporate?

The factors that cause water to evaporate are:

1. Solar radiation

Solar radiation directly provides the energy necessary for evaporation, in particular for the evaporation of water. used for evaporation. Therefore, solar radiation is the main factor affecting evaporation. Solar radiation undergoes diurnal, seasonal and interannual changes, and water evaporation will also change accordingly with these changes.

2. Temperature

As the temperature of water increases, the speed at which water molecules move increases, making it easier for water to escape. The surface area will increase as the water surface temperature increases. The main factor that directly affects water temperature is air temperature, so changes in air temperature will affect changes in evaporation from the water surface. However, due toComplex factors that affect water surface evaporation, temperature changes are sometimes not very consistent with water surface evaporation patterns.

3. Humidity

The humidity of the atmosphere above the water surface increases, the number of water vapor molecules in it increases, and the vapor pressure difference of saturated water decreases. difference in water vapor pressure between the water surface and the atmosphere, the smaller the difference in water vapor pressure between the water surface and the atmosphere, the slower it escapes from the water surface. Thus, under the same conditions, the lower the air humidity, the greater the evaporation from the water surface. At the same time, changes in humidity are also closely related to temperature.

4. Water vapor pressure difference

Water vapor pressure difference refers to the ddifference between the water vapor pressure at the water surface and the atmospheric water vapor pressure at a certain height above the water surface. Generally speaking, the higher the air density, the higher the number of water vapor molecules per unit volume and, conversely, the lower the water vapor pressure. . The higher the water vapor pressure of the atmosphere, the lower the difference in water vapor pressure between the water surface and the atmosphere and the lower the evaporation from the water surface is basically consistent with the impact of humidity changes on evaporation.

5. Wind speed

Wind can strengthen convection and exchange between air, so that water vapor molecules above the water surface are continuously carried away, ensuring as well as a certain amount of water vapor is always held between the evaporating surface and the sky above. The pressure difference allows evaporation to continue. Within a certain range, the greater the wind speed and the faster the airflow, the more convection and exchange of water vapor in the air, thereby increasing the pressure difference of water vapor at the water vapor interface, which is more conducive to evaporation from the water surface.

But when the wind speed reaches a certain level, the water surface evaporation tends to be stable, and the impact is relatively small at that time. At the same time, when cold air arrives, the increase in wind speed not only will not promote the evaporation of the water surface, but will also reduce evaporation and even cause condensation.

Detailed information:

< /p>

The principle of evaporation:

Becausethat the molecules in the liquid are constantly The earth is moving irregularly and their average kinetic energy is matched to the temperature of the liquid itself. Due to the irregular motion and collisions of molecules, some molecules always have a higher kinetic energy than the average kinetic energy at any time.

These have sufficient If molecules with sufficiently large kinetic energy are found near the surface of the liquid and their kinetic energy is greater than the work required to overcome the gravitational force between the molecules of the liquid when they fly away, these molecules can break away from the surface of the liquid and fly. outside, becoming the liquid. Molecules that fly away may return to the surface of the liquid or enter the liquid after colliding with other molecules. If more molecules fly out than return, the liquid evaporates.

DifferentAll liquids with the same other conditions evaporate at different rates. This is due to the different cohesive forces between liquid molecules. For example, the cohesive force between mercury molecules is very strong and only a very small number of molecules with sufficient kinetic energy can escape from the liquid surface. This type of liquid evaporates extremely slowly. In other liquids, such as ether, the cohesive force between molecules is very weak and the number of molecules that can escape from the surface of the liquid is greater, so they evaporate quickly.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Evaporation from the water surface

Baidu Encyclopedia - Evaporation (atmospheric physics terms)

Please explain the essential difference between the following changes from the point of view of molecules and atoms: water is broken down by electricity and l'water evaporates when heated

The principle of water evaporation is that the water molecules are at different temperatures (i.e. the energy average molecular kinetics is different). The kinetic energy of individual molecules is different, which constitutes a distribution. The speed can be high or low. If high-speed molecules are on the surface, they can break apart. away from the intermolecular force and run outward, forming evaporation. This evaporation occurs very quickly, but the higher the temperature, the higher the average kinetic energy of the molecules and the higher the ratio of high-velocity molecules. Thus, evaporation becomes more and more evident. When the boiling point is reached, a large number of bubbles that evaporate the internal molecules can race to the surface to evaporate. This forms violent evaporation - boiling.

Whatis the electronic formula for water?

Evaporation of water is a physical change and is the result of the movement of water molecules themselves. The water molecules themselves do not change, but. the distance between water molecules changes.

The electrolysis of water is a chemical change. The molecules themselves change. Water molecules split into hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms, and then the hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms recombine to form hydrogen molecules and oxygen molecules. a large number of The fact that hydrogen molecules and oxygen molecules aggregate into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, respectively, shows that the molecules can be subdivided.

So the answer is: when water evaporates, the water molecules themselves do not change, but the distance between the molecules increases, which is a physical change; when water is electrolyzed, the moleculesof water become hydrogen molecules; and oxygen molecules, which are a chemical change.

The electronic formula of H?O is shown in the figure below:

Water (chemical formula: H?O) is an inorganic substance composed of two elements: hydrogen. and oxygen. It is a colorless and odorless transparent liquid at normal temperature and pressure.

The thermal stability of water is very strong. When water vapor is heated above 2000 K, only a very small amount of water dissociates into hydrogen and oxygen. However, water dissociates into hydrogen under the effect of electricity (electrolysis) and oxygen.

The density of water is maximum at 3.98 ℃, or 1 × 10?kg/m?. When the temperature is above 3.98℃, the density of water decreases as the temperature increases. At 0~3.98℃, the density increases with increasing temperature.

Detailed information

Importance and impact

1 On the climate

Water has a regulating effect on climate. Water vapor in the atmosphere can absorb 60% of the ground's radiation and then return to the ground as reverse atmospheric radiation, thereby insulating the ground.

Water has a high specific heat capacity. Oceans and land water bodies can absorb and store heat in summer to keep the temperature from being too high; in winter, they can slowly release heat to keep the temperature from being too high; too low. Due to different conditions, water may also appear as hail, fog, dew, frost, etc. and affect the climate and human activities.

2. Landforms

71% of the Earth's surface is covered in water. Seen from the air, Earth is a blue planet. Water erodes rocky soils, silts up river channels, carries silt, creates plains and modifies morphologyof the earth's surface.

3. For living things

Water is an important component of all living organisms. Water makes up 70% of the human body and 98% of jellyfish are water. Water facilitates certain biochemical reactions, such as digestion in animals and photosynthesis in plants. Because water can reduce temperature through evaporation, water plays an important role in maintaining the temperature stability of living organisms, such as animal sweat and plant transpiration.

4. For human society

Water is an important resource for human life. It is necessary to consume 2 to 3 liters of water per day and it provides water for people's daily lives. and industrial and agricultural production, particularly agriculture which requires large quantities of water for irrigation.

With the development of science and technology, people have built projects ofwater conservation to combat natural disasters such as waterlogging and flooding. As a result, some research areas specifically related to water have been established, such as hydraulics, hydrology, water treatment, etc., and even the industrial aquaculture industry which depends on water for its survival came into being.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Water

  • Popular Focus
  • Where is the cheapest battery wholesale?

    Where is the cheapest battery wholesale in Tangxia, Sanyuanli, Baiyun District? There is an enterprise specializing in the independent production of electric vehicles in Tangxia, Sanyuanli, Baiyun District, Baiyun Sanyuanli Avenue, Baiyun Sanyuanli Street
    08-02
  • Four 3.7V lithium batteries in series and parallel produce 7.4V/4.4A. How to reduce it to 4.8V/4.4A?

    Four 3.7V lithium batteries in series and parallel produce 7.4V/4.4A. I personally think it is impossible to reduce it to 4.8V/4.4A. Because the discharge platform of lithium batteries is generally set
    08-10
  • What are the materials of the negative electrodes of lithium batteries?

    What are the materials of the negative electrodes of lithium batteries? The main commercial applications of lithium batteries include graphite, which is a sheet of copper used to guide current and which does not react. another safe
    08-02
  • The difference between 18500 and 26500 batteries

    What is the difference between 18500 and 26500 batteries? The answer above is 18650. The person asking the question should ask what is the difference between 18505 and 26500 batteries. In the case of Fuant ER1
    08-02
  • What does 3.7V 80mAh written on a lithium battery mean?

    What does 3.7V 80mAh written on a lithium battery mean? 3.7 V, 80 mA = 0.08 A, H means 1 hour, or 3600 seconds. Taken together, it is
    08-02
  • How long does a lithium battery (cell phone battery) last?

    How long does a lithium battery (cell phone battery) last? The lifespan of mobile phone batteries, under normal conditions of use and without serious impact, the lifespan set by the manufacturer must be 5 years.
    08-02
  • Will lithium batteries explode when charging?

    Will lithium batteries explode when charged? Will lithium batteries explode when charged? Lithium battery explosions usually occur during the charging process, because the negative electrode material of lithium batteries is graphite or other carbon materi
    08-02
  • Parameters of lgdas31865 lithium battery

    Parameters of lgdas31865 lithium battery The parameters of lgdas31865 lithium battery are as follows: LGDAS31865 is a model 18650 lithium battery with a capacity of
    08-02
  • What are the main components of lithium battery electrolyte?

    What are the main components of lithium battery electrolyte? The composition of lithium battery electrolyte is shown below. 1. Ethylene carbonate: molecular formula C3H4O3. Colorless transparent liquid (>35℃), room temperature
    08-02
  • Who are the lithium battery manufacturers in Shandong?

    What are the lithium battery manufacturers in Shandong? Shandong Shengyang Power Supply Co., Ltd. and Shandong Weineng Environmental Protection Power Technology Co., Ltd. 1. Shandong Shengyang Power Supply Co., Ltd. is located in Shengyang, Qufu City.
    08-02
  • Types of drone batteries available in 2024

    Part 1. Types of drone batteries available in 2024In 2024, drone batteries have advanced significantly, offering a range of options to cater to various needs in
    07-30
  • How long does it take to charge 26650 battery?

    How long does it take to charge a 26650 battery? The charging time for a 26650 battery is generally between 3 and 6 hours, but the precise time depends on the power of the charger and the capacity of the battery. in general
    08-02
  • For what?Sure, here's an article based on the phrase "For what?

    The simple yet profound question, "For what?" often serves as a gateway to deeper reflections on purpose and intention. It is a query that invites us to delve into the reasons behind actions, decisions, and circumstances that shape our lives and the wor
    08-02
  • Choosing the Right Cart Battery

    This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need about cart batteries, from understanding different types to making an informed purchase decision.
    08-02
  • 30mAh~500mAh 3.7 V Li-ion Battery

    Welcome to Ufine's collection of 3.7V lithium-ion batteries ranging from 30mAh to 500mAh. Explore a diverse range of compact and lightweight batteries suitable for various electronic devices,
    08-02
  • Here are 10 essential facts about drone batteries for 2024.

    10 Key Facts About Drone Battery for 2024 In 2024, drone batteries have advanced significantly, offering a range of options to cater to various needs in the consumer, commercial, and industrial sectors. Below are the primary types of drone batteries avai
    08-02
  • Could you please explain the difference among IMR, ICR, INR, and IFR 18650 batteries?

    What is the Difference Between IMR, ICR, INR, and IFR 18650 Battery?In 18650 batteries, discerning the differences among IMR, ICR, INR, and IFR types is fundamental for tailored and efficient battery usage. These distinct
    08-02
  • Safety considerations for cart batteries

    Selecting the ideal cart battery is crucial for ensuring optimal performance and longevity of your electric vehicle or vaping device. This comprehensive guide w
    08-01