Hydropower
Clean, renewable, low cost of electricity generation
The initial investment is large, the agricultural land in the reservoir area is flooded and a large number immigrants are needed< /p>
Distributed in areas with large gaps, sections of rivers with large flows
Coal
Widely distributed, large reserves, easy to exploit and use
Low combustion efficiency, large amounts of ash and slag and high air pollution
Mainly distributed on the edges of sedimentary basins in the Paleozoic and Mesozoic
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Coal uses the principle of energy conversion to produce electricity.
When fuel is burned, water is heated to generate steam, which converts the chemical energy of the fuel into thermal energy. The steam pressure causes the turbine to rotate and the thermal energy is convertede in mechanical energy. The steam turbine then turns the generator, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Coal has a wide range of uses, which can be summarized into three main uses depending on its purpose: thermal coal, coking coal and coal for the chemical industry, including coal gasification, low temperature carbonization coal, and hydrogenation coal. Liquefied coal, etc.
(1) Coal for power generation: More than one-third of China's coal is used for power generation, and the average consumption of coal for power generation is approximately 370 g/(kW·h) of standard coal. Power plants use the calorific value of coal to convert thermal energy into electrical energy.
(2) Coal consumption for steam locomotives: represents approximately 3% of tank consumptiongood electric. The average coal consumption index of steam locomotive boilers is approximately 100 kg/(10,000 tonnes·km).
(3) Coal for construction materials: It accounts for more than 13% of coal energy, with cement using the largest amount of coal, followed by glass, bricks, tiles, etc.
(4) Coal used in general industrial boilers: In addition to thermal power plants and large heating boilers, there are many types of industrial boilers used in general businesses and heating, and their quantities are large and dispersed. Coal consumption accounts for approximately 26% of thermal coal.
(5) Domestic Coal: The amount of domestic coal is also large, accounting for about 23% of the coal used as fuel.
(6) Thermal coal for metallurgy: Thermal coal for metallurgy is mainlyanthracite coal for sintering and injection into blast furnaces, and its consumption is less than 1% of the quantity of thermal coal.
Detailed information
Although China is relatively rich in coal resources, its coking coal reserves are still relatively small, accounting for only 27 .65% of coking coal reserves. China's total coal reserves.
Coking coal includes gaseous coal (accounting for 13.75%), fatty coal (accounting for 3.553%), main coking coal (accounting for 5.26%), lean coal (accounting for 4.01%) and others unclassified. coals (representing 0.55%).
Non-coking coal includes anthracite (accounting for 10.93%), poor coal (accounting for 5.55%), low bonding coal (accounting for 1.74%), non-coking coal (accounting for 1.74%), coke (representing 13.8%). and long-flame coal (representing 13.8%), 12.52%), lignite (representingsmelling 12.76%), natural coke (accounting for 0.3%), unclassified coal (accounting for 13.80%) and unclear brand coal (accounting for 1.06). %).
The main use of coking coal is the manufacture of coke. Coke is melted at high temperature from coking coal or mixed coal. Typically, about 1.3 tons of coking coal can be used to make one ton of coke.carbon. Coke is mainly used in steel manufacturing and is the main raw material for the steel industry and other industries. It is known as the “staple” of the steel industry.
Baidu-Coal Encyclopedia (definition of the word)