The hydraulic turbine is a prime mover that converts the energy of water flow into mechanical energy. According to the different energy conversion characteristics of water flow, water turbines are divided into two categories: counterattack type and impact type.
A turbine that uses the potential energy (potential energy and pressure energy) and kinetic energy of the water flow is called an impact turbine; a turbine that uses only the kinetic energy of water is called an impact turbine. The two main types of hydraulic turbines are divided into several types depending on the direction of water flow through the impeller and structural features.
The hydraulic turbine of the Three Gorges Hydroelectric Power Station is an impact turbine, which uses potential energy (potential energy and pressure energy) and kinetic energy of water flow to convert the turbine into enerotating mechanical power, and then convert it into electrical energy by generator.