Transformer substations are subject to a series of regulatory restrictions such as safety protection and safety distances. The resulting electromagnetic environment problems are currently inconclusive worldwide. Generally speaking, UHV substations are more harmful to the surrounding electromagnetic environment and affect the effects of various radio signals in higher frequency bands. The impact on the human body is still being studied and no quantitative and credible conclusions have yet been drawn.
Is there radiation in the drainage water from nuclear power plants?
Don't worry, it won't have any impact.
The noise of the hydraulic turbine generally cannot be heard outside the factory. The noise outside the factory is significantly lower than that next to the city highway.
Your building must be at a certainidistance, at least a few hundred meters, and you can't hear it if you live on the seventh floor.
The electromagnetic waves are weaker, because the voltage generated by the small hydroelectric plant is low and the voltage increase of the main transformer will not increase very high.
This type of powerful radiation is only a few tenths of the radiation under high-voltage lines, city traffic base stations and other places.
The impact range of transformer radiation is from only a few meters to more than ten meters.
Don't worry, the noise will definitely be lower than those living next to the highway, and the radiation will definitely be lower than those living next to the railway.
Is electromagnetic radiation from substations harmful to human health?
Wastewater from nuclear power plants ccontain radiation.
Wastewater discharged from nuclear power plants is mainly divided into two types. One is cooling water, which is very large and has the same function as the cooling tower water of ordinary thermal power plants. power plants, but is used for cooling. Those used do not come into contact with radioactive materials, so radioactive materials from the nuclear power plant have not been removed. The other concerns wastewater, which is in very small quantities. According to national regulations, this wastewater must undergo special treatment to bring its radioactivity level below a certain limit, so that it does not affect the environment.
The natural environment itself is also radioactive. If the radioactivity of the effluent is equivalent to the radioactivity of the natural environment, there will be no impact. But even after treatment, the waterwaste from nuclear power plants may still contain radioactive materials.
The working principle of nuclear power plants
Burning water is basically energy conversion, and other energy is converted into energy thermal water. Nuclear power plants use nuclear energy to “boil water” and are carried out in reactors. This step is much more complicated than using boilers in thermal power plants to "boil water" because it involves nuclear fission reactions.
As we all know, thermal power plants use coal, oil or natural gas to generate electricity, hydroelectric power plants use hydropower to generate electricity, and power plants Nuclear power uses the fission energy of atomic nuclei to produce electricity. . Currently, more than 60% of centersNuclear power plants in the world are pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants, which mainly consist of reactors, steam generators, turbines, generators and related system equipment.
The electromagnetic field in the substation is the electromagnetic field generated by the high voltage coil.
The influence of electromagnetic radiation exists
Magnetic Pollution is now recognized. It constitutes the fourth largest pollution after air pollution, water pollution and noise pollution. Whether people admit it or not, all electrically operated equipment generates electromagnetic waves. As long as this electromagnetic radiation exceeds a certain amount, it will harm the human body and other electrical appliances. Nanjing Feng Shui Yijing Group 27972181
There are differences between the two standards
1) The corresponding requirements in China are that theElectric field strength cannot exceed 4,000 V/meter and magnetic field strength cannot exceed 100 microtesla.
2) Sweden 0.2 microTesla
1. Conclusion of the Swedish National Board for Industrial and Technical Development: 1. Children under 15 years of age if exposed to an average magnetic induction intensity greater than 0.2. microtesla In Tesla's environment, the risk of leukemia is more than 2.7 times that of ordinary children 2. If the magnetic sensitivity is greater than 0.3 microtesla, it is 3.8 times;
3) The magnetic field at the industrial frequency of the United States is 0.2 microtesla.
2 In 1995, the US National Council on Radiation Protection (NCRP ) proposed guidelines on exposure to electromagnetic fields. According to the Swedish correlation between childhood leukemia and the impact of annual magnetic field levels near train linesHigh voltage transmission, a power frequency magnetic field of 0.2 microtesla is proposed as a guideline for transmission lines passing through residential areas.
The committee reviewed the laboratory studies on ecological effects and epidemiological reports and recommended:
. The magnetic field near new nurseries, schools and playgrounds should not exceed 0.2 microtesla. ． New homes should not be built under or near existing high-voltage power lines, and magnetic fields exceeding 0.2 microtesla should not be exceeded for more than 2 hours per day. ． When constructing new transmission and distribution lines, do not cause the magnetic field in adjacent existing housing to exceed 0.2 microtesla. ． For new offices, reduce intermittent and ambient magnetic fields to 0.2 microtesla.
Theconclusion of the California Health Science Evaluation Agency: "Electromagnetic fields may, to some extent, increase the risk of childhood leukemia, adult malignant brain tumors, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, miscarriage, etc., and may cause Suicide and leukemia in adults »
4) United Kingdom 0.4 microtesla
The journalist saw a report written in 2001 on the official website of the British National Radiation Protection Board. The report highlights that 700,000 people are born in the UK each year, of which 500 cases of leukemia and 1,000 cases of cancer are detected each year in children under 15. At least two of every 500 children have leukemia. each year are directly linked to electromagnetic radiation caused by high-voltage wires. Thus, the incidence rate of leukemia in children living with electromagnetic radiation is 1 in 700, twice as high as t.the incidence rate in children living without electromagnetic radiation (1 in 1,400). The committee set the risk value at 0.4 microtesla. If the intensity of electromagnetic radiation exceeds this value, children are at risk of illness.
5) Denmark 0.3~0.4 microtesla
Denmark has already targeted 1,707 people under the age of 16 with brain tumors, malignant lymphocytes and leukemia and living near high-voltage transmission lines. Children carried out investigations. and studies, and the results showed that the average value of electromagnetic field intensity is between 0.3 and 0.4Children living in houses with one microtesla or more are susceptible to cancer.
In 2001, the International Agency for Research on Cancer identified magnetic pollution as a carcinogen and proposed that when the magnetic field intensity in the living environment exceeds 0.4μΤ, the incidence of theChildhood leukemia is increasing significantly.
The elderly, children and pregnant women are groups sensitive to electromagnetic radiation. In order to prevent problems before they arise, pregnant women, especially in the early stages of pregnancy, are recommended to stay away from them. radiation fields and do not take risks.
It has been reported that many residents living under power lines or near television transmission towers inexplicably suffer from neurasthenia, depression, anxiety, hypertension and other conditions. diseases. Because there is a huge magnetic field around high-voltage lines and TV transmission towers, and this magnetic field interferes with the earth's magnetic field and the human body's own magnetic field, causing the human body's magnetic field to be disordered and causing some of the above phenomena. -diseases mentionedborn.
High current is transmitted in high voltage lines and the magnetic field generated by the large current has an impact on human health. British experts estimate that the safe value of the magnetic field generated by high-voltage lines is 0.4 microtesla. Beyond this value, children are at risk of illness.
The intensity of electromagnetic radiation from a high voltage line of 220 kV within a radius of 100 meters exceeds 0.4 microtesla the intensity of electromagnetic radiation from a high voltage line of 11 to 66 kV within tens of meters; exceeds 0.4 microtesla Pull; the intensity of electromagnetic radiation from buried high-voltage lines does not exceed 0.4 microtesla in a few meters. It can actually be calculated according to the formula, related to voltage, distance, etc.
For example) Guangdong Provincial Environmental Radiation Research and Monitoring Center operatesctues on-site monitoring of Xiaogang 110kV indoor substation in Haizhu District, measuring 3 meters outside the substation wall, 20 meters near the substation window and 50 centimeters in front of the television. Monitoring was carried out at three points and the results showed that: the electric field intensity 3 meters outside the fence was 1 V/meter and the magnetic field intensity was 0.7 microTesla ; the values near the window were 1 V/meter and 0.6 microTesla. This actually exceeds the norm by international standards.
In July 1993, World Vision magazine also stated that electromagnetic waves can reduce human immunity and reduce the number of white blood cells that fight cancer cells. If a child under 15 years old lives in a room with a magnetic induction intensity of 0.3 μT, his probability of developing leukemia will be 4times higher than that of an average child.
In January 1997, scientists from Karolinska University in Stockholm, Sweden, conducted a survey of 430,000 residents living near high-voltage lines for a long time and published the results of their research. Scientists have clearly pointed out that electromagnetic waves are directly linked to cancer, including brain tumors and childhood leukemia. Leif Friberg, head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Lund University, said that among the employees working there, 6 cancer patients were found, 4 of which were caused by electromagnetic wave radiation, as they lived with a magnetic induction intensity of up to 40 μT. all day.
The magnetic induction intensity directly under the 400kV high voltage line can reach 13μT, 30 meters away from it.m, the magnetic induction intensitytick is 8 μT and at a distance of 200 m, the magnetic induction intensity drops to 0.1 μT.
The United States has already published in the 10th issue of IEEE Spectrum 1995 that the magnetic induction intensity at 60 Hz should not exceed 0.2 μT, otherwise it will cause harm to the body human. Currently, Sweden has officially recognized that low-frequency magnetic fields with an intensity above 0.2 μT are harmful to the human body.