It is famous for its long vine type melon irrigation system which combines storage, diversion and lifting.
The combined storage, diversion and extraction irrigation system mainly includes pipeline works, water transportation and distribution canal systems, and small and medium-sized reservoirs size, ponds and water extraction facilities in the irrigation area. Because canals are like vines, ponds in the irrigation area are like melons on vines. In China, they are also known as long vine shaped melon irrigation system.
Irrigation combined with water storage, diversion and lifting is an irrigation method that combines water storage, diversion and lifting projects. The combination of storage, diversion and extraction with irrigation refers to the full utilization ofsurface water resources.
Maximize the role of various water intake projects and use a farmland irrigation method that combines water storage, water diversion and water extraction water.
Features of storage, diversion and irrigation combined with irrigation system:
(1) Make full use of possible water sources in the area. During the non-irrigation season, the canal head is used to divert water from the river to irrigate ponds and reservoirs, or water harvesting is used to extract and store water from inland rivers, lakes or canals into reservoirs and ponds, so as to supplement the shortage of irrigation water during water shortage seasons.
(2) Enlarge the destruction zone. Due to the unified regulation of multiple water sources, some lands that previously could not be irrigated have been irrigated.
(3) Improve the drought resistance of pond spillways. As the weir is fed by the river, the number of weir recharges and its ability to resist premature growth are increased.
(4) Improve the irrigation capacity of the canal per unit of water diversion flow. Since the canal system is connected to numerous ponds, small reservoirs, and other water storage facilities, canal water diverted during non-irrigation seasons can be stored for use during the irrigation season, increasing thus the irrigation capacity of the canal per unit of water diversion flow. .
(5) It is beneficial for electricity generation, navigation and water supply. Since some major canals carry water year-round and have a relatively uniform flow, they can be used to develop small hydropower, shipping and water supply.municipal water supply.
Detailed information
System case:
Hongqi Canal
Internationally known as “ World The Hongqi Canal, the eighth wonder, takes the Zhuozhang River as its source. The head of the canal is located at the foot of Houbi, Shicheng Town, Pingshun County, Shanxi Province. The main canal is 70.6 kilometers long, with a bottom width of 8 meters, a wall height of 4.3 meters, and a longitudinal slope of 1/8,000. The designed flow rate is 23 cubic meters per second.
The Hongqi Canal irrigation area includes 10 main canals and branch canals with a total length of 304.1 kilometers; 51 secondary canals with a total length of 524.1 kilometers; 4281 agricultural canals with a total length of 2488 kilometers.
A total of 48 first and second class reservoirs, 345 weirs and 12,408 miscellaneous buildings were built along the canal. 45 smallHydroelectric power stations were built using the natural drop of canal water. It is a large-scale support system of "diversion, storage, lifting, irrigation, drainage, power and landscape". ?
Baiqi Canal
Baiqi Canal starts from Xiejatai, Nanzhang County, Hubei Province in the west, and ends at Chihu Village, Zhengji Town, Yicheng to the east. 49.25 kilometers and is known as the “hundred mile long canal”. Built for the Warring States PeriodThe military water conservancy project was built 23 years earlier than the famous Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project.
The restoration was completed on May 1, 1953. Unlike ordinary ditches, where long ditches flow, there are also a large number of reservoirs and weirs along the lines. "Da Yuan Dayi Tong Zhi" reports that "the Chang Canal has forty-six water gates and nine of the forty"connections with Jiupei", which means that there are 49 weirs and ponds in the Chang Canal irrigation area connected to the canal, which store water all year round and irrigate fields during peak periods. crowds.
If the long canal looks like a vine, the reservoirs and spillways connected to it along the canal are like “melons” These “melons” include 10 small and medium-sized reservoirs. and 2,671 weirs and ponds
Baiqi Canal is China's famous melon-shaped vine-shaped water storage and diversion project. irrigation is complex and the technical requirements are high. There are many major creations in the history of water conservation technology. Building design, layout, etc. are all amazing for future generations. but they are rarely known in the world and their historical and cultural value must be eexplored further.
Reference:
Baidu Encyclopedia - Irrigation system for long vines and melons