1. The function of water turbine: convert the kinetic energy of water flow into rotating mechanical energy.
2. Lifting refers to a serious accident in which when the turbine guide vane is suddenly closed, a vacuum is instantly formed in the suction tube, causing negative water hammer, causing waste water to flow back and a breakup. the upper cover of the turbine. In order to prevent the phenomenon of lifting from occurring, a vacuum breaking valve is installed on the upper cover of the turbine to break the vacuum.
3. The biggest advantage of the axial flow vane runner is that the efficiency can always remain optimal. The guide vanes and blades are in a co-connected relationship. When the opening of the guide vanes changes, the opening of the blades also changes accordingly, so that efficiency is always optimal.
4 Thrust bearing: supports the weight of allte the rotating part of the generator and the axial thrust of the water. According to the different installation positions of the stops, the vertical units are divided into two categories: suspension units with stops installed on the upper part of the rotor, and umbrella units with stops installed on the lower part of the rotor.
5. Functions of transformer oil: insulation and cooling. Bearing oil (also called turbine oil) has the functions of: lubrication and cooling.
Primary equipment
1. The main primary equipment is: a generator (converts the mechanical energy of rotation of the turbine into electrical energy), a power transformer (increases the output voltage of the generator to the corresponding value). voltage level then connected to the electrical network), circuit breaker (to connect or disconnect the primary circuit), disconnector (to form an obvious disconnection point in theprimary circuit, creating conditions for equipment maintenance), voltage transformer (to measure the voltage of the primary circuit and will measure the voltage of the primary circuit. The resulting voltage is transmitted to the protection, synchronization, excitation meters , measurement, etc. which require a voltage), to the current transformer (measures the current of the primary circuit and transmits the measured current to protections, excitations, measurements, etc. which require a current meter, etc.).
2. The generator magnetic pole is a device that generates a magnetic field and is installed at the end of the generator rotor. It is in fact an electromagnet. When current passes through the coil, the iron core generates magnetic lines of force. As the rotor rotates, the magnetic lines of force also rotate. If the stator wire is relatively cut, an induced voltage is generated. on the stator. This is the principle of inductionelectromagnetic. The relationship between the number of magnetic pole pairs and the rotation speed: (frequency * 60 seconds) / the number of magnetic pole pairs = rotation speed For example: 50HZ * 60 seconds / 24 magnetic pole pairs = 125 revolutions per minute<. /p>
3. The main application of electromagnetic induction in power plants. The equipment is: synchronous generator, asynchronous motor.
4. The voltage transformer is connected to the primary circuit and it is strictly forbidden to short circuit the secondary side; the current transformer is connected in series in the primary circuit and the secondary side is strictly prohibited. prohibited from being in open circuit.
5. Transformer protection mainly includes: main transformer differential protection, gas protection, main transformer zero sequence, transformer pressure releasemain ator, etc. Gas protection function: When the internal insulation force of the transformer decreases slightly, a small arc will be generated, but it will not operate the differential protection. In order to detect or eliminate this fault as quickly as possible, gas protection plays a role. The arc will break down the transformer oil into small bubbles (i.e. gas) or increase the flow rate of the oil (when internal discharge is large). The bubbles will move the light gas and send a signal if the oil flow exceeds; When it is large, the heavy gas will work and the machine will trigger and stop.
6. When loading the main transformer to full voltage, all transformer protections must be in place correctly. At the same time, consider using the system (line) to load the transformer as much as possible and avoid using it. a generator for charginger. (The reason is that a large excitation inrush current will be generated during charging, which will damage the generator.)
7. The role of zinc oxide surge arrester: preventing the occurrence of operating overvoltages and atmospheric overvoltages.
8. The function of a circuit breaker: to connect or close a circuit. The main arc extinguishing means used are: sulfur hexafluoride, vacuum, insulating oil, etc.
9. In case of power failure: Shut down the load side first, then the power side. When sending power: send the power side first, then the load side.
10. The generator generates three-phase alternating current. Why, in addition to power supply and power supply issues, you can refer to relevant professional books, such as electrical engineering. I can't explain it simply, my level is limited, I'm sorry.
11. Ohm's Law: Resistance R =Voltage U / Current I