Why does a hydrogenerator “must operate with a large load due to strong water conduction vibrations”

The water conductor vibrates enormously! This means your rotation data is not qualified and the push head mirror plate and push tile are not parallel. Generally, an insulating pad is used between the mirror plate and the thrust head to achieve balance. Let's take as an example a device with a speed of 250 rpm: generally at the water guide, it does not exceed 35 threads. What you call operating with high hydraulic vibration and heavy load basically means that the unit avoids the area with the highest vibration. Filling the runner cavity with water will increase the downward impact on the blades, reducing left and right swing of the runner to reduce vibration. This is an empirical method adopted when it is not permitted to stop the axis during operation.