How should new energy vehicles work in water?
When a vehicle is traveling on a road with a large amount of water or encounters a low area on the road, be sure to check the depth of the water and the strength of the roadbed underwater. When new energy vehicles pass through waterlogged roads, the depth should not exceed the chassis, and the vehicle speed should not exceed 10 km/h. Drive carefully, watch out for pedestrians and bicycles, slow down and keep a distance between vehicles to ensure safe passage. . When the water on the road is too deep, vehicles must change lanes or be suspended. Forced passage is strictly prohibited.
One thing that needs to be pointed out is that not only is the battery afraid of water, but the motor is also afraid of water. The motor is generally installed at the motor position. is relativement high and it is completely sealed, like the battery, it is best not to let water in, and it is not good for the various wiring harnesses in the passenger compartment to get wet.
What I have to remind everyone here is that when your car stalls from contact with water, try not to try to restart it a second time. If the vehicle breaks down due to the second start, take a gasoline car. for example, even if you purchase water insurance, the insurance company will not pay the claim, so when the vehicle is soaked in water and stalls, it is recommended to call the insurance company as soon as possible.
How to turn off a new energy vehicle in an emergency?
The batteries of new energy passenger cars that we use daily have a voltage above 300 V. The voltage of new energy vehicles such as some trucks, buses and buses is low.t be higher if you encounter traffic. accident, wading or vehicle When the power supply needs to be cut off in emergencies such as sudden blackouts, learning these power-off tips can help us quickly cut off the power supply of new energy vehicles to ensure the safety of the vehicle and personnel. So how can we cut off the power supply to new energy vehicles?
Method 1: Remove the key. To start the vehicle with one click, the key must be removed.
Method 2: Remove the negative terminal from the low voltage battery
Find and disconnect the negative terminal from the auxiliary battery. The low voltage battery is usually located in the forward cabin. and can be seen by opening the front cabin cover. Please think twice before disconnecting the negative terminal. You might also need this power supply because the batteryThe low voltage is the power supply of the entire instrument of the new energy vehicle. Once the negative terminal is disconnected, all functions will be lost and the instrument. will no longer work.
Method 3: Disconnect the fuse from the BMS power supply
This method is relatively complicated and highly professional. You first need to find the location of the fuse box of the new energy vehicle (generally). located on the main driver's dashboard) below or in the front cabin), open the fuse box cover. The location of the BMS power fuse will be marked on the back of the fuse box cover. Find the BMS power fuse, remove it. , and turn off the battery power. (The structure of different models is different).
Method 4: What should we pay attention to when washing new energy vehicles?
Energy vehiclesNew rules are becoming more and more popular with consumers. There are still some differences between new energy vehicles and ordinary cars in terms of cleaning.
During the cleaning process of new energy vehicles, attention should be paid to the battery pack and charging socket of the car body. It is prohibited to directly flush the high pressure water gun at the corresponding location. mainly prevents water from flowing into the car body and charging socket. If water enters, it will cause the body circuit to short circuit, causing a short circuit. An electric shock accident occurs.
When cleaning new energy vehicles, special attention should be paid to not getting the car circuits wet. Since new energy vehicles use electronic components inn their structure, special attention must be paid when washing the car. prevent them from getting wet.
How to lift a new energy vehicle for maintenance?
In order to save space inside the vehicle and improve the stability of the body, Most new energy vehicle batteries currently on the market are designed in the chassis position. If a new energy vehicle breaks down and it is necessary to use an elevator to lift the vehicle for maintenance, the four drag shoes of the elevator should be placed at the corresponding stress support positions on the chassis to avoid hitting the chassis. battery, causing a short circuit or battery leakage.
What are the different batteries in cars?
Fundamentally, hydrogen is not the primary form of energy in modern society. There is nohave lots of places to use it. When the cost is high, few people naturally use it. is concerned, on the one hand, the method of electricity transmission is relatively mature and inexpensive, on the other hand, hydroelectric plants have more efficient energy storage measures in case of peak: when the consumption of energy is low, just use the remaining electricity to pump. But this does not mean that there are no applications for the production of hydrogen by electrolysis of water: substances with high energy density like oil can be used as clean energy to replace oil in places where electricity is not suitable, such as rockets, planes, ships, etc. In addition, as an intermediate substance for energy storage, wind energy and photovoltaic energy can be used to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen, and then produce electricitythrough gas turbines, which can effectively solve the problem of new energy. connection to the network. The problem with liquid hydrogen is that there is currently no particularly efficient and safe storage method. Large-scale storage still relies on low temperature and high pressure, which are not only expensive but also dangerous. It is still acceptable, but not for civil and commercial use. As a solution, solid-state metal hydride storage has many beautiful dreams and various cruel realities. It still belongs to the category of rare metals, and it is far from possible to safely and efficiently store it in the future, as well as wind energy. photovoltaic and electrical energy provided by nuclear energy have declined considerably, and it is quite possible that hydrogen energy will replace oil energy in some regions.
Batterynickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd)
Voltage: 1.2 V
Life span: 500 times
Discharge temperature is: -20 degrees ~ 60 degrees
Charging temperature is: 0 degrees ~ 45 degrees
Remarks: Strong overcharge resistance.
Nickel-hydride (Ni-MH) battery
Voltage: 1.2V
Life span: 1000 times
Temperature discharge temperature: -10 degrees ~ 45 degrees
Charging temperature is: 10 degrees ~ 45 degrees
Note: The current maximum capacity is about 2100 mAh.
Lithium-ion (Li-lon) battery
Voltage: 3.6V
Life span: 500 times
Temperature discharge temperature: - 20 degrees ~ 60 degrees
Charging temperature: 0 degrees ~ 45 degrees
Notes: Weight is 30% to 40% lighter than metal hydride batteries of nickel and the capacity is more than 60% higher than nickel metal hydride batteries. But it does not resist overload. In the event of an overload, the temperaturerature will be too high and the structure will be damaged => explosion.
Lithium polymer battery (Li-polymer)
Voltage: 3.7 V
Life span: 500 times
The Discharge temperature is:- 20 degrees ~ 60 degrees
Charging temperature: 0 degrees ~ 45 degrees
Note: Upgraded lithium batteries do not have battery fluid, but instead use polymer electrolytes in different, more stable forms. than lithium batteries.
Lead-acid battery (sealed)
Voltage: 2V
Life span: 200-300 times
Discharge temperature: 0 degree ~45 degree
Charging temperature: 0 degree~45 degree
Note: This is a general car battery (it is 6-2V connected in series to form 12V), no need to add water. The battery life can be up to 10 years, but the size and capacity are the largest.
Explanation of the term battery charging
Charging rate (C rate)
C is the first letter of capacity, which is used to indicate the current when charging. and discharge the battery size value.
For example: When the rated capacity of the rechargeable battery is 1100mAh, it means the discharge time at 1100mAh (1C) can last 1 hour if the discharge time at 200 mA (0.2C) can last. for 5 hours, recharging can also be done by pressing This comparison is calculated.
Cut-off discharge voltage (Cut-off discharge voltage)
Refers to when the battery discharges, the voltage drops to the lowest operating voltage value at which the battery is no longer suitable for further discharge.
According to different types of batteries and different discharge conditions, the requirements for battery capacity and battery life are also different, so the voltageThe prescribed termination for battery discharge is also different.
Open circuit voltage (OCV)
When the battery is not discharged, the potential difference between the two poles of the battery is called open circuit voltage.
The open circuit voltage of the battery varies depending on the materials of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery and the electrolyte. If the materials of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery are exactly the same, then no matter how big the volume of the battery is or how the geometric structure changes, the open circuit voltage is the same.
DOD Depth of Discharge (DOD Depth of Discharge)
When using the battery, the capacity discharged by the battery represents the percentage of its rated capacity, called the depth discharge.
Depth of discharge is closely related to battery life secondarea. When the discharge depth of the secondary battery is deeper, the charging time will be shorter, so it should be avoided when using it. it.Deep discharge.
Overdischarge (overdischarge)
If the battery exceeds the final discharge voltage value of the battery during the discharge process and continues to discharge, the internal pressure of the battery battery may increase. the reversibility of the negative active material is damaged, resulting in a significant reduction in battery capacity.
Overcharging
When the battery is charging, if it continues to be charged after reaching a full state, it may cause the internal pressure of the battery to increase, battery deformation, leakage, etc. occurs, the battery performance will also be significantly reduced and damaged.
Energy density (Energy density)
Energyelectric e released by the unit of average volume or mass of the battery.
Generally, under the same volume, the energy density of lithium-ion batteries is 2.5 times that of nickel-cadmium batteries and 1.8 times that of nickel-metal hydride batteries. Therefore, when the battery capacity is equal. , the energy density of lithium-ion batteries will be higher than that of nickel-cadmium and nickel-metal hydride batteries which are smaller and lighter.
Self-discharge
Whether the battery is used or not, for various reasons, the battery will lose its power.
If calculated on a monthly basis, the self-discharge of lithium-ion batteries is about 1% to 2%, and the self-discharge of nickel-metal hydride batteries is about 3%. at 5 %.
Cycle life
Under repeated charging and discharging, the battery capacity gradually drops to 60% to 80% of the battery capacity.initial capacity.
Memory effect
During the process of charging and discharging the battery, many small bubbles will be produced on the battery plates. Over time, these bubbles will reduce the surface area of the battery plates. , also indirectly affects the battery capacity.
Does it take 8-12 hours to charge a newly purchased rechargeable battery?
Any battery has self-discharge characteristics, so when the new rechargeable battery arrives to you, there may be The rechargeable battery has discharged over time. This is because the chemical raw materials inside the rechargeable battery have not been used for some time and are in a "passivated" state, unable to fully carry out chemical reactions and provide sufficient voltage. In this case, when using the rechargeable battery for the first time, be sure to fully charge the rechargeable battery.rgeable and allow the voltage to return to its original level. Indeed, if your rechargeable battery has not been used for a long time, this “passivation” phenomenon will also occur, and the situation will be more serious. It is best to charge and discharge the rechargeable battery three times, which will make it easier to activate the rechargeable battery. Allow the chemicals contained in the battery to take full effect (nickel-cadmium battery). Sometimes when a newly purchased rechargeable battery is inserted into the charger, the charger stops charging before it is fully charged. When you encounter this problem, you just need to remove the rechargeable battery from the charger and then put it into the charger. The device continues to charge. This is a normal phenomenon for new rechargeable batteries. It's not that you bought a bad rechargeable battery (nickel metal hydride, lith batteryium-ion). Generally speaking, the charging time should not be too long, up to 12 hours is enough. Overcharging will damage the rechargeable battery.
How to calculate charging time?
Charging time (hours) = rechargeable battery capacity (mAh) / charging current (mA) * coefficient 1.5
If using a 1600 rechargeable battery mAh and the charger uses a current of 400 mA, the charging time is: 600/400*1.5 = 6 hours (Note: This method does not apply to newly purchased or long-term unused rechargeable batteries)
Ni-MH rechargeable batteries and lithium-ion rechargeable batteries actually have a memory effect. Do they really not need to be discharged when in use
Actually, the memory effect of rechargeable nickel-metal hydride batteries? Lithium-ion batteries and rechargeable batteries are very lightweight. It's not worth the effortr be careful.
(Please note that when you see this, do not use the discharge function of the charger to discharge nickel-metal hydride rechargeable batteries and lithium-ion rechargeable batteries, especially lithium-ion rechargeable batteries. ion. Due to their own material factors, the battery itself is not allowed to withstand the forced discharge of the charger. If you insist on discharging the lithium-ion rechargeable battery, it will eventually damage the battery.) more, if you use a rechargeable nickel-cadmium battery. Battery that needs to be discharged, it is recommended to use it independently. Whether the battery is used frequently, it is best to charge and discharge the nickel-cadmium rechargeable battery every two or three months. This can guarantee the impact of the battery. the memory effect of the nickel-cadmium rechargeable battery on the battery is minimized.