The working principle of a water heat pump is to transfer heat from the building to the water source in summer.
1. Offering significant environmental benefits, a water heat pump is a heating and cooling system that uses surface water as a source of cold and heat to convert energy. When heating, the boiler room system such as coal, gas and natural fuel oil is omitted, and there is no combustion process, which avoids pollution such as smoke exhaust and discharge. wastewater during cooling, the cooling water tower is omitted, thus avoiding; noise, mold pollution and cooling tower pollution. Therefore, water heat pumps use clean, renewable energy technology.
2. The available water temperature for high efficiency water heat pump units is 12-22°C in winter. The water temperature is higher than the ambient air temperature, therefore the evaporation temperature of the heat pump. the cycle increases and the energy efficiency rate also increases. In summer, the water temperature is 18~35℃, and the water temperature is lower than the ambient air temperature, so the condensing temperature of the refrigeration is reduced, making the The cooling effect is better than that of air-cooled and cooling tower types, and the efficiency of the unit is improved.
3. According to estimates from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), a well-designed and installed water source heat pump can save users 30 to 40 percent on operating costs for heating, air conditioning and air conditioning. on average.
4. The electricity used by energy-efficient water heat pumps is a clean energy source, but whenhe production of electricity, it consumes primary energy and leads to the emission of pollutants and greenhouse gases of carbon dioxide. A well-designed water heat pump unit is equivalent to reducing energy consumption by more than 30% compared to air source heat pumps, and is equivalent to reducing energy consumption by more than 70% compared to heating electric. Therefore, although water heat pumps save energy, they also reduce pollution emissions and the greenhouse effect produced during primary energy consumption during electricity production.
Water has surface tension. What can be done using this feature of water?
Think of a problem. One end of a dry towel is placed in a cup filled with water. As a result, the dry towel becomes wet. It is true that the position of part of the towel dries. The water increased and the energypotential energy has increased. But potential energy is not generated out of thin air, various forces in the capillary phenomenon do work, which is the reduction of energy in the capillary.
Our hydroelectricity is generated by water evaporated by the sun in the sky, turning into rain and falling back to the earth to form streams. Ultimately, the sun is constantly generating energy. The different energies in the corresponding capillaries cannot be generated continuously like the sun. Even capillary action in plant transpiration is due to constant exposure to sunlight.
In short, when the capillary phenomenon occurs, the surface energy of the capillary is converted into the potential energy of the water. If you want to convert the potential energy of water into electrical energy, you must overcome the surface area. The energy (like blowing air into the capillary in such a wayappropriate, the surface energy only needs to be overcome so that the water can flow), the energy is conserved.
We should think carefully about how to obtain potential energy from “water raised by capillary action”? You might say you can just use gravity, but remember that water is pulled by surface tension. We therefore still have to overcome these potential surface energies! The result is of course: a perpetual motion machine cannot be built!
Water has surface tension, using waterWhat can this feature do?
Insects use surface tension to float on water. Underground stems use phenomena to transport water and nutrients. Liquids can use surface tension to take on a spherical shape. Humans can use surface tension to automatically increase stateliquid, which makes the density very high. Large objects float.
During my morning exercises, I observed water droplets left on the leaves of flowers and plants by the roadside. These water droplets are oval or spherical. Especially on lotus leaves, the water droplets will continue to sway with the leaves, turning over and over on the leaves, and the shape will change, but basically you can see that the shape tends towards the angle of a sphere. The water droplets do not spread and form a shrinkage layer of water on the surface of the leaves.
We sometimes put water in a cup. When the water reaches the neck of the bottle, more water can still be added. The water obviously needs to be higher than the neck of the bottle and it won't be. overflow. In fact, everyone can understand this situation based on surface tension.
So what are youis surface tension? How do they produce the appearance of such forces? According to modern physics, the concept of surface tension is: The force that promotes the convergence of the liquid surface is called surface tension. The surface of the liquid is adjacent to the middle of two parts and the force pulls each other in a unit length.
The direction of surface tension intersects the liquid level and is perpendicular to the line of intersection of the two parts. If the liquid level is a plane, the surface tension is on that plane. an inclined plane, the surface tension Just on the cross section of this inclined plane. It is customary for people to call the interface between gas and liquid, gas and solid objects, the surface.
Generally, due to differences in the natural environment, the molecules on the surface and the molecules inside the object (the groups of eto the liquid also belong to an object) support different forces. The coforce between a water molecule inside a body of water and the interaction force between surrounding water molecules is zero. But this is not the case for a water molecule on the surface. Since the water molecules in the upper space are less attracted there than the molecules in the internal liquid, the co-force on the molecule is not equal to zero. The direction of the force is directed vertically towards the interior of the liquid, which results in an automatic decreasing tendency of the liquid surface area. This shrinking force is called surface tension.
When water molecules volatilize into fine particles, their surface expands and many internal water molecules move toward the surface. These dispersed molecules have more surface energy. For the molecules to detach from this surface, they must overcome the constraintstes of this surface energy. Surface tension is a characteristic of chemical substances and its size is related to the temperature and properties of two different substances.
Surface tension is a major manifestation of molecular forces. This occurs at the boundary between liquid and gas, liquid and solid. Indeed, the liquid molecules of the surface layer are in a particular situation. The molecules inside the liquid are basically close to each other, and the molecules often maintain a stable distance. Opposing molecules attract each other if they are slightly further away and repel each other if they are slightly closer. This determines that liquid molecules are not like gases. Like massive molecules, they can propagate infinitely, but only vibrate and rotate around the equilibrium position.
Since molecules close to the surfaceof the liquid are only affected by the effects of molecules inside the liquid, their carrying capacity is uneven, which allows molecules with relatively high speed to pass through the liquid easily. liquid level and turn into vapor. As a result, the molecules on the surface of the liquid (the molecular distribution of liquid chromatography (liquid chromatography in contact with gas) is less dense than the internal molecular distribution.
This is also relative to the regions molecules inside the liquid, which are in a unique situation. The repulsive forces between the molecules in the surface layer decrease as the distance between them increases, and the attractive force between the molecules prevails in this unique layer. .
The direct driving force between any two parts of this surface layer promotes the tendency of the liquid surface layer to shrink.effect of surface tension, the liquid surface always tends to become as small as possible. therefore the liquid in the air Small liquids generally take the shape of spheres. The expression of this surface tension can seem very difficult to understand for some lay people.