Simple solar cells cannot be used directly as batteries. For power supply, several individual cells must be connected in series and parallel and tightly sealed within the components. The requirements for solar cell modules are:
Have a certain rated operating current output power.
Long life requires components to operate normally for 20 to 30 years. Therefore, the materials, parts and structures used in the components must be consistent with each other in terms of service life to avoid damage. to the entire component due to damage in a single location.
Have sufficient mechanical strength to withstand conflict, vibration and other stresses during transportation, installation and use.
The loss of electrical performance caused by the combination is low.
Low combined cost.
1 Common structural forms of solar cell modules
The conventional structural forms of solar cell modules are as follows. The glass shell structure is shown in Figure 3.13, the flat panel structure is shown in Figure. 3.14, and none The fully bonded cover seal assembly is shown in Figure 3.15. There are also newer double-sided tempered glass packaging components.
Figure 3.13 Schematic diagram of glass solar cell module
1-Glass housing; 2-Silicon solar cell; 3-Interconnection band;
5-substrate; 6-lower base plate; 7-frame line; 8-electrode binding posts.
Figure 3.14 Schematic diagram of flat panel solar cell module
1 frame; 2-frame putty; 3 top glass cover; 4 adhesives; 5 bottom plates;
6-Silicon solar cell; 7-Interconnection band; 8 -Lead sheath;
Figure 3.15 Schematic diagram of a fully adhesive sealed solar cell module
1-Silicon solar cell; 2-Adhesive; 3-Electrode leads; 4-Lower base plate 5-Interconnection; bands.
2 Solar cell module encapsulation materials
The lifespan of the module is closely related to the packaging material and the packaging process. Its length is one of the important factors that determine the lifespan of the module. lifespan of the module. It is a component that is easily overlooked in components but should not be underestimated in practice. The materials are now described below.
2.3.2.1 Top cover
The top cover covers the front of the solar cell module and is the outermost layer of the module. It must have high light transmission and be sturdy to play for a long time. long-term role. Protémanage the battery.Materials for the top cover include: tempered glass, polyacrylic resin, fluorinated ethylene propylene, transparent polyester, polycarbonate, etc. At present, low iron tempered glass is the most common top cover material.
2.3.2.2 Binder
Mainly includes: curing silicone rubber at room temperature, fluorinated ethylene propylene, polyvinyl butyral alcohol, transparent dioxygen resin, polyvinyl acetate, etc. Generally required:
(1) High transmission in the visible light range
(2) Elasticity
(3) Good electrical insulation performance.
(4) Component packaging suitable for automation
2.3.2.3 Base plate
Usually tempered glass, aluminum alloy, plexiglass, TPF , etc.
Any modification
(3) Firmly bonded to the adhesive material
2.3.2.4 Frame
The components of the flat panelsmust have a frame to protect the components and components and the square The connection of the board is fixed. The frame is made of adhesive that seals the edges of the components. The main materials are stainless steel, aluminum alloy, rubber, reinforced plastic, etc.
2.3.3 Module manufacturing process
The manufacturing process of flat panel modules is as follows:
Simple homemade solar panels
Yes Buy derated battery sheets online, obtain tinned copper strips if possible, and use a soldering iron to connect the battery sheets in series (note that the back of the sheet battery is the positive electrode, the front is the negative electrode). electrode, and the positive and negative electrode ribbons cannot touch), so that from the back of the battery sheet, the connection wire is the DC positive pole and the connection wire tothe front of the battery is the DC negative pole. an energy production device. If you want this power generation device to last longer, you need to insulate the battery from air and have a certain mechanical strength. Currently, conventional components must be laminated with EVA, backplane and glass. is absolutely not allowed in the house. At most, it can only be sealed with resin. Of course, this may not be easy to achieve at home. Moreover, let me tell you that currently the working voltage is more than 8". Crystal cells are 0.5V per day. You need to consider the voltage of the charging device to decide the number of cells to use.
Solar energy
Solar energy refers to the energy of thermal radiation from the sun. thermal: radiation), the mainmanifestation is what is often called solar rays in modern times, they are usually used to generate electricity or provide energy for water heaters. p>Since the birth of life on earth, it has been mainly used. Thermal radiation provided by the sun can survive, and since ancient times, humans have also known how to use sunlight to dry objects and use it as a manufacturing method. food, such as making salt and drying salted fish. As fossil fuels become more scarce, solar energy has become a source of energy used by humans and continues to grow. There are two ways to use solar energy: photothermal conversion. and photoelectric conversion. Solar energy is a broad emerging renewable energy source, which also includes wind energy, chemical energy and water on earth.
Who knows how. make solar panels?
It is a good idea to make your own solar panels
This can only be done with the help of professional tools and equipment
< p>It also requires relevant raw materials and some professional knowledge and skills.Laser scribing and laminating machine, vacuum box, vacuum pump, solar energy.Panel tester, solar silicon wafer , PET film, EWA film, transparent epoxy resin, etc. are all essential.
It is recommended to buy one and play with it.
To put it simply, it uses solar cells and welds them together in series or parallel to meet a need. specific voltage and current.
Since solar cells are made of silicon wafers, they are extremely easy to break. It is therefore necessary to package the welded solar cells. Improves its resistance to forcesexterior.
There are three packaging methods commonly used in the industry:
Epoxy resin encapsulation (suitable for low powers)
PET laminated packaging (suitable at low powers) )
Laminated tempered glass packaging