Solar photovoltaic power generation is a way of generating electricity that directly converts solar energy into electrical energy. It includes four forms: photovoltaic power generation, photochemical power generation, light induction power generation and photobiological power generation.
Photovoltaic power generation: when an object is exposed to light, the state of charge distribution in the object changes generating an electromotive force and a current. Since the conversion efficiency of monocrystalline silicon is now higher than that of polycrystalline silicon, but the production cost of polycrystalline silicon panels is lower, many polycrystalline silicon panels are now used to generate electricity.
Among them, photochemical power generation includes: electrochemical photovoltaic cells, ph cellsotoelectrolysis and photocatalytic cells. ② Solar thermal power generation - it first converts solar energy into thermal energy, and then converts thermal energy into electrical energy. It has two conversion methods: one is to directly convert solar thermal energy into electrical energy. Another way is to use solar thermal energy to drive a generator to produce electricity via a heat engine.
There are two methods of solar power generation: one is the light-heat-electricity conversion method and the other is the direct light-electricity conversion method. (1) The light-heat-electricity conversion method generates electricity using thermal energy generated by solar radiation. Generally, a solar collector converts the absorbed thermal energy into steam as the working fluid, then drives a steam turbine to produceew electricity. The first process is a light-heat conversion process; the second process is a heat-electricity conversion process, which is the same as ordinary thermal power generation. The disadvantages of solar thermal power generation are that its efficiency is very low and its cost is high. Its investment is estimated to be at least higher than that of ordinary thermal power generation. Power plants are 5-10 times more expensive.
Current methods of generating electricity include: solar power generation, hydroelectric power generation. , thermal power generation, nuclear power plants, wind power generation, geothermal power generation, tidal power generation, etc. I hope my answer can be useful to you.