A plant that converts various sources of primary energy into electrical energy is called a power plant, also known as a power plant.
The main function of a power plant is to convert various primary energy sources found in nature into electrical energy (secondary energy). These primary energy sources can be fossil fuels (such as coal, oil, and natural gas) or renewable energy sources (such as hydroelectric, wind, and solar power).
Power plants convert primary energy into electrical energy using appropriate equipment and technologies, and then transmit the electrical energy to users through transmission lines to meet the production and living needs of the people.
The operating principle of power plants is mainly based on the principle of inductionelectromagnetic. When primary energy (such as coal, oil, etc.) is burned or water comes into contact with the turbine, steam or gas with high temperature and high pressure will be generated. This steam or gases cause the turbine to rotate, which in turn drives the turbine. generator rotor to rotate.
The generator stator coil is connected to the external circuit When the rotor rotates, an induced current, i.e. electrical energy, is generated in the coil. This electrical energy is amplified by the transformer and then transmitted to the user via the transmission line.
The construction of power plants must take into account factors such as geographic location, energy supply and environmental impact. Different power plants need to consider different factors when building them.
Types of power plants:
1. Thermal power plants use thermal energy generated by the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, etc. , to generate high temperature and pressure. The steam turns a turbine, which in turn drives a generator to produce electricity. This type of power plant dominates the world. Its advantages are mature technology and high efficiency, but it also has problems such as environmental pollution and resource consumption.
2. Hydroelectric power plants use the potential energy of water to produce electricity. As water passes through structures such as dams and reservoirs, it accumulates a large amount of potential energy, which is converted into mechanical energy through turbines and then into electrical energy. Hydroelectricity has the advantages of being renewable and non-polluting, but it also hasing problems such as high construction costs and impact on the ecological environment.
3. Wind power plants use wind energy to produce electricity. Wind turbines include wind turbines, generators, towers and other parts. When the wind blows through the wind turbine, the wind turbine converts wind energy into mechanical energy, which then drives the generator to produce electrical energy. Wind power generation has the advantages of being renewable and non-polluting, but it also has problems such as poor stability and high construction costs.
4. Solar power plants use solar energy to produce electricity. Solar panels convert sunlight into electricity. Solar energy production has the advantage of being renewable and non-polluting, but it also presents problems such as construction costs.high ction and a strong dependence on weather conditions.