General seeds, such as crabapple and impatiens seeds, can be sown directly without treatment. For some seeds having difficulty germinating, the following measures can be taken before sowing.
1． Soaking in water for germination
For seeds that germinate slowly, such as asparagus, clivia, asparagus, coral bean, golden and silver eggplant, etc., they should germinate before sowing. Soak the seeds in lukewarm water before germination. Once the seeds have swollen, spread them flat on a shallow plate of damp cheesecloth, then cover them with several layers of damp cheesecloth. Keep the temperature at around 25°C. Rinse them once with lukewarm water. per day. Sow them immediately after the seeds germinate.
For thin-shelled seeds, such as wisteria, palm, prickly pear, winter sweet, forsythia, lilac, cedar, etc.,cold water can be used to soak the seeds for germination. C can break dormancy. You can also mix or layer the seeds with sand having a humidity of 60% (knead it into a ball with your hands and it will fall apart when touched), then bury it in the sand 40 to 60 cm deep, or place the seeds. in the refrigerator at 3-5°C for 60 ~ 90 days, take out and sow in spring.
For seeds with thicker shells, such as peony, peony, redbud, Sophora japonica, Platycladus orientalis, golden pine, etc., the seeds can be soaked in water lukewarm for 12 to 24 hours to germinate, and the water temperature should be maintained between 40 and 60°C.
For seeds with a hard seed coat, such as Albizia julibrissin, carob, black locust, camphor, etc., they can be soaked in hot water to induce germination. The water temperature is 70 to 90°. C. WhenWhen soaking the seeds, the amount of water used is about double that of the seeds. Stir when pouring in the water so that the seeds are heated evenly. When soaking the seeds in hot water, stop stirring once the water temperature drops to natural temperature and soak for 1 to 3 days. Once the seeds have absorbed water and swollen, take them out and place them at 18 to 25°C for germination. Water with lukewarm water 1 to 2 times a day, and be careful to turn it over gently, sowing can be done once the seeds are broken.
For long-term dormant seeds or seeds that germinate every two years, the variable temperature germination method can be used, that is, after soaking the seeds, maintain the temperature at 25-30°C during the day. and 15°C at night. Repeat this operation for 10 to 20 days to promote germination. Like osmanthus,e holly, corals, etc., this method can be used.
2． Stratified germination
So-called stratified germination consists of mixing three parts of moist sand and one part of seeds. Keep it hydrated and refrigerated at 0~7℃. Magnolia grandiflora, Magnolia magnolia, Lonicerae and seeds that can only germinate every two years should be stratified for germination.
3. Coating seeds with plant ashes
For seeds whose outer covering is oily wax, such as magnolia, you can use plant ashes and water to make a paste for the seed coating. Plant ash alkali can remove plant ash. wax, so that the seeds can absorb water and germinate.
4. File the seed coat
For example, for seeds with hard seed coats like lotus and canna, which are difficult to absorb water, use a file to break off part of the seed coat before settling.sea, then soak it. hot water for 24 hours. The seeds will absorb water and swell, which can speed up their germination.
In the process of planting licorice, due to the hardness of the licorice seed coat, it is difficult for the seeds to absorb water and the seedlings do not cannot emerge without treatment, which has become a problem for large-scale licorice planting. At present, sulfuric acid seed coating method, heating re-soaking method and seed husk crushing method are used to process licorice seeds and have received high good results.effect.
(1) Sulfuric acid treatment method: Mix pure seeds evenly with 20-30 ml of 80% sulfuric acid per kilogram. After 4-7 hours of treatment, rinse with clean water, but treated seeds should be processed. be dried. Dry before usesation. Seed processing time is related to temperature and the amount of acid added. The processing time is short when the amount of acid is the same and the temperature is high, and the processing time is long when the temperature is low.
(2) Hot soaking method: soak the seeds in warm water at 60°C for 6-8 hours. At this point, most of the seeds have absorbed the water and are completely separated. seeds that have not absorbed water. They are separated into layers and have not been soaked. The seeds are at the bottom and the soaked seeds are at the top, but do not float to the surface. soaked seeds. Repeat this several times until all the soaked seeds float up for use; then add the unsoaked seeds into 100°C water for 2 minutes, take them out, immediately put them in cold water for a while and. then soak them in 60℃ p waterfor 2 to 4 hours. At this point the seeds have been processed and are with the seeds floating, rinse the mucus with clean water and you can use it for sowing.
(3) Method of crushing the integument. Place the licorice seeds on a 3 cm thick grinding plate and turn the seeds over. When grinding, pay attention to changes in the licorice seed testa. When the testa turns yellow-white, soak the crushed seeds in lukewarm water at 40°C for 2 to 4 hours, take them out and rinse them with clean water. water to remove sowing mucus.
The method of grinding licorice seeds with a rice mill is simple, easy, inexpensive and not harmful, but you should pay attention to the suitability of the grinding. Light grinding will not achieve the breakage goal. seed coat and germination rate will be low; Grinding too hard will increase the rate of broken seeds and cause serious waste.e of seeds. Practical results show that it is appropriate to cut the material quickly and grind it 3-4 times, provided that there are obvious defects on the surface of the seeds or the rupture of the seed coat reaches more than by 90%. The seed coat of licorice is horny and difficult to absorb water, which affects seed germination and emergence.