Before the application of lithium, humans were looking for suitable battery materials to store electrical energy. People have tried various battery materials such as copper, iron, zinc, lead and mercury. , magnesium, etc. Battery improvement mainly aims to improve indicators such as capacity and discharge performance, and lithium was finally chosen as the material for the latest generation of rechargeable batteries.
It is clear from the periodic table that lithium is the third element and the highest ranked metallic element. Lithium itself has 6 atomic mass units, and each lithium carries 1 charge;
Compared to zinc, which was widely used in early batteries, its atomic mass is 66, and each zinc carries 2 charges, obviously, using lithium as a battery material brings significantly higher energy densitylifted. In other words, lithium has a higher specific capacity as a battery material.
In addition, lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of no memory effect, high charge and discharge rate, low self-discharge rate and high energy conversion rate.
To transport supplies from Earth to the space station, although the light rocket carries less load, the launch cost several times is lower than that of the heavy lithium rocket, such as this rocket more effective. Light rocket.
The lithium-ion battery for new energy vehicles is a rechargeable battery
It mainly relies on the movement of lithium ions between positive and negative electrodes to generate current. There are many cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries, and they all exist as integrated lithium compounds. Currently, cathode materialsics for vehicle batteries include lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium (divided into nickel-cobalt-manganese system and nickel). -cobalt-aluminum system), etc. The current material of the main negative electrode is graphite.
When a lithium-ion battery is discharged, the lithium ions are integrated into the positive electrode and during charging, the lithium ions are deintercalated at the positive electrode. During charging and discharging, lithium ions move between positive and positive. negative electrodes through the electrolyte and the separator.
It's like logistics vehicles traveling to points A and B in the city. Their constant comings and goings bring “power” to the city, and lithium is the most efficient logistics vehicle. the greatest capacity to transport goods.
Lithium iron phosphate batteryWell, lithium-ion batteries andLithium iron phosphate batteries each have their own merits. The technology is not good. or bad, only suitable or not suitable. It is best to choose the lithium battery that suits you.
Lithium iron phosphate battery.
The so-called lithium iron phosphate battery refers to a lithium-ion battery using lithium iron phosphate as the positive electrode material. The particularity of this type of battery is that it does not contain precious metal elements (such as cobalt, etc.).
In actual use, lithium iron phosphate batteries have the advantages of high temperature resistance, high safety and stability, low price and better cycle performance . The price of raw materials is low and the earth's phosphorus and iron resources are abundant, so there will be no supply problems.
The advantages of lithium iron batteriesphosphate are that they are safe to use.
The PO bond in the lithium iron phosphate battery crystal is stable and not easy to decompose, even at high temperatures or overcharge, it will not act like cobalt acid. lithium-like structure collapses and generates heat or forms strong oxidizing substances, so it provides good safety.
Lithium iron phosphate batteries have undergone strict safety testing and will not explode even in the event of a collision or puncture.
With the improvement of service life, the service life of lithium iron phosphate batteries reaches more than 2,000 times. With a standard charge (5 hour rate), it can reach 2000 times.
Lead-acid batteries of the same quality only last 1-1.5 years at most, while lithium iron phosphate batteries have a theoretical lifespan of 7-8 years when used under the same conditions.
Thehigh temperature performance is good. The thermal peak of lithium iron phosphate battery can reach 350℃-500℃, while lithium manganate and lithium cobalt oxide are only about 200℃. It has a wide operating temperature range (-20°C to 75°C) and features high temperature resistance.
With large capacity, if the battery is often fully charged and not fully discharged, the capacity will quickly drop below the rated capacity. This phenomenon is called memory effect.
Ni-MH and nickel-cadmium batteries have memory, but lithium iron phosphate batteries do not exhibit this phenomenon. No matter what state the battery is in, it can be charged and used anytime, and there. there is no need to discharge it first and then recharge it.
Lightweight, the volume of a lithium iron phosphate battery with the same specifications and capacityIt is 2/3 that of a lead-acid battery, and its weight is 1/3 that of a lead-acid battery. battery.
Environmentally friendly, lithium iron phosphate batteries do not pollute, comply with European RoHS regulations and are certified as absolutely green and environmentally friendly batteries.
Fast charging, it can quickly charge and discharge at a high current of 2C. The battery can be fully charged in 40 minutes with a special charger at 1.5C, and the starting current can reach 2C.
Disadvantages of lithium iron phosphate batteries:
1. The plug density of the positive electrode of lithium iron phosphate batteries is low, and the density is generally around 0.8 to 1.3. Big size.
2. The conductivity is poor, the lithium ion diffusion speed is slow, and the actual specific capacity is low when charging and discharging at high times.
3. Lithium iron phosphate batteries have poor performance at low temperatures.
4. The life of a single lithium iron phosphate battery is long, about 2,000 times, but the life of a lithium iron phosphate battery is short, generally about 500 times.