The lifespan of lithium titanate can reach more than 10,000 times. But to my knowledge, its counter electrode material is not available yet. Other reactive materials such as electrolytes, separators, etc. are also difficult to meet this requirement.
Just like the wooden barrel theory, the lithium titanate plate is very long and the plates made of other materials are very short. Due to the limitations of the material properties of the short plate, the battery life is generally long. does not reach 10,000 times. However, using lithium titanate to replace the traditional carbon anode material can effectively improve the cycle performance of the full battery.
We expect major breakthroughs in lithium titanate electrode material research.
Looking forward to major breakthroughs in battery researchies to lithium.
Looking forward to major breakthroughs in energy storage device research.
How profitable are lithium titanate batteries? What are its characteristics?
Advantages of lithium titanate:
1. Stress-free negative electrode, stable structure, can withstand large magnification and ultra-long service life (or negative electrode material). itself, it will not become a defect that affects the service life)
2. The potential is high and the lowest potential is greater than the precipitation potential of lithium. There is no need to worry about the safety risks caused. by lithium precipitation
3. The heat of the material itself High decomposition temperature, good safety
4. Wide temperature range, especially good performance at low temperature, which can be -40℃. .
Disadvantages of lithium titanate
1. The most fatal drawback is that it is expensive. Titanium dioxide and graphite, you can feel it. The battery price is more than 3 times more expensive than lithium iron + graphite.
2. It is a stress-free material and has a low compaction density. At the same time, the voltage is high, resulting in a low voltage platform for the entire battery. Ultimately, the energy density is too low. The corresponding energy density of lithium titanate + ternary is probably less than 100wh/kg, while the corresponding energy density of graphite + ternary can reach 200wh/kg. Lithium titanate + lithium iron and graphite + lithium iron
3, safety under the same energy density. To achieve the same energy density, the safety of high lithium titanate + nickel and graphite + iron-lithium ratio will be worse. Although lithium titanate itself is safe, the bottleneck will become something else (i.e.like the positive electrode)
4, producing gas. SEI film cannot form on the surface of lithium titanate. The electrolyte constantly reacts with the negative electrode, resulting in continuous gas production, which can only be slowed down but cannot be eliminated. This leads to two problems: a. It is not possible to create software packages. (Some people say Yinlong has soft bags. They did it just for energy density and already cut it out in later planning). b. Excessive gas production will affect life and safety. Although there are more than 20,000 cycles in the laboratory, no one dares to promise 20,000 times in batches (unless it is an excessive promise). Compared to iron-lithium from today's leading manufacturers, which can already promise tens of thousands of cycles, there is no advantage. Excessive gas production will affect the design of safety devicese such as explosion-proof valves, potentially causing premature valve explosion or excessive valve pressure.
4. There is no obvious advantage in terms of magnification. At present, fast-charging lithium iron can already charge and discharge at 5-6°C, basically reaching the current level of lithium titanate batteries. The advantageous range of lithium titanate is 5-10°C, but at that time, heat, charger and positive electrode will become bottlenecks.
5, (fullset), the application space is small. Based on the above comparison of advantages and disadvantages, it can be seen that the obvious advantage of lithium titanate lies in its low temperature performance. However, in an environment where the temperature is above -30°C, the overall performance (price + load capacity, energy density is not taken into account for thestant) have no advantage (or the price is high) compared with lithium iron + graphite + auxiliary thermal device, plus the disadvantage of energy density, it is difficult to gain PK. This is one of the reasons for the recent poor performance of Yinlong market. It has advantages at temperatures around -40°C, but there are very few application scenarios. It can only have advantages in certain military-industrial scenarios in Northeast Siberia, and the overall market is not large.
In summary, the advantages and disadvantages of lithium titanate , it can be seen that lithium titanate is just a beautiful thing, with limited practical application scenarios and prospects. After all, when there is no obvious performance gap, price is king.
Why are lithium titanate batteries so popular?
As far as I know, lithium titanate batteries are meilures than lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary batteries. It also starts with the performance of the three batteries. As we all know, the performance of lithium batteries is mainly determined by the positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte and separator. Positive and negative electrode materials have a significant impact on key battery indicators, such as capacity, energy density and cycle. lifespan, safety, price performance, cost, etc. Although they both use ternary as the cathode material, the lithium titanate battery breaks away from the traditional battery technology of using graphene as the negative electrode and uses lithium titanate as the negative electrode material, which makes him an outlier in the eyes of his peers. But it is the characteristics of the lithium titanate itself which give the batteriesare made of this material their particularities.
Take as examples the three lithium batteries composed of lithium iron phosphate-graphene, ternary graphene and ternary lithium titanate. From an energy density perspective alone, lithium titanate batteries are at a disadvantage. Northeast Securities' research report pointed out that the actual specific energy of lithium iron phosphate batteries is currently 100-120 Wh/kg, and that of ternary batteries is 150-200 Wh/kg. Among them, the nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary battery used by Tesla. reaches 252Wh/kg, while Yinlong lithium titanate battery has only 90Wh/kg, which is only half that of some graphite negative electrode material batteries. From a cost perspective, lithium titanate batteries offer no advantage. At present, Yinlong lithium titanate battery raw materialsinclude titanium hydroxide and lithium hydroxide, which are more expensive than graphite negative electrode materials. According to the research results of China Battery Network, the current cost of lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary batteries is 1,100 yuan/kWh to 1,200 yuan/kWh, while the cost of lithium titanate batteries is about 2 to 3 times higher than that of ternary batteries. The energy density is twice as low and the cost is 2 to 3 times higher. How lithium titanate battery can participate in the market competition is obviously its own unique advantages which have impressed some people in the industry. First of all, considering the most important safety indicator of batteries, lithium titanate stands out.
Long lifespan and high safety performance. The surface of lithium titanate does not form electrolyte interface film sSEI film olid. Compared with traditional graphite and silicon materials which are easier to form SEI film, it can significantly reduce the loss of lithium ions and electrolyte during storage and recycling, and avoid. Attenuation of battery capacity, thus obtaining a more stable performance. It can be charged at a high rate and has strong rapid charge and discharge capabilities; Taking the lithium titanate battery produced by Zhuhai Yinlong as an example, according to the third-party test report, all three products submitted by the company for inspection performed well. charging and discharging 10C, including 10C charging 6. It is fully charged in a few minutes, and the difference between the capacity after full capacity and the rated capacity does not exceed -1.30%. For the negative electrode material, the Coulomb efficiency, that is, the charge capacity/discharge capacity is not less than 99.14%.
Considering the characteristics of electric buses and electric taxis, there is a relatively large demand for batteries with high-quality fast charging performance and low attenuation rate to reduce replacement costs . These are therefore long-life batteries. are undoubtedly the ideal choice; their operating temperature range is extremely wide; The operating temperature of lithium titanate extends from -50 degrees to 60 degrees, and the performance of ordinary batteries has significantly declined at -20 degrees. From this point of view, there is still hope of seeing electric vehicles develop in the Northeast market, with harsh climatic conditions. Compared to carbon anode materials, the high potential of lithium titanate means that the SEI film typically produced on the surface when the carbon anode contacts the electrolyte is fundamentallyent difficult to form on the surface of lithium titanate. In the normal voltage range, it is difficult to generate lithium dendrites on the surface of lithium titanate. This is important because it largely avoids the possibility of lithium dendrites causing short circuits inside the battery. Therefore, the safety of lithium ion batteries using lithium titanate as the negative electrode is relatively high among different types of lithium ion batteries.