Lithium batteries are currently widely used in mobile phones, electric vehicles, household batteries and other fields. Although lithium batteries are very common, certain precautions should be taken when using them. When using lithium batteries, be careful not to put the battery in water to avoid short circuit and to avoid puncturing or scratching the battery with hard objects.
Lithium batteries use manganese dioxide as the positive electrode of the battery, lithium metal or its alloy as the negative electrode of the battery, and use non-aqueous electrolyte solution as the raw material of the battery. Compared with traditional nickel-chromium batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries, lithium batteries have the advantages of large storage capacity, small size, low consumption rate.todischarge and the absence of memory effect. Once promoted, they are quickly welcomed by the majority of applications. manufacturers.
Although using lithium batteries has many advantages that traditional batteries cannot match, it does not mean that lithium batteries are perfect because the electrolyte solution in the lithium battery contains a large number of lithium atoms, and the metal The properties of lithium are extremely active, extremely easy to produce physical and chemical reactions with other substances.
As mentioned previously, the electrolyte solution in lithium batteries is a non-aqueous solution because lithium readily reacts chemically with water. If the lithium battery is exposed to high humidity for a long time or is directly immersed in water, since the negative electrode of the battery contains lithium metal, thelithium will react directly with water, further causing the solution to enter the battery directly. contact with water, and more chemical reactions will occur. Since heat is generated during the reaction, the heat cannot be dissipated quickly in a short time, which will cause the battery to explode.
In addition, short-circuiting a lithium battery is also extremely dangerous. During the short circuit period, the internal electrical energy of the battery is rapidly consumed as thermal energy. According to the same principle, rapid generation. thermal energy over a short period of time will cause the battery to explode.
Hard objects and sharp metals pierce the battery case, and scratching the battery will cause the electrolyte solution in the battery to come into contact with metal objects and the lithium ions will react directly with the metallic objects due to their presence.active chemical properties. Likewise, it is also the principle mentioned earlier that heat generated over a short period of time can cause fires and explosions.
Although the use of lithium batteries requires special protection measures, we do not need to worry too much about the explosion of lithium batteries. According to statistics, the probability of explosion of lithium batteries when used rationally is minimal. . In life, we pay attention to the above-mentioned precautions for lithium batteries. Do not place your mobile phone next to your pillow or close to your face when sleeping, which can effectively prevent damage caused by lithium battery explosion.
What is the difference between lithium batteries and lead acid batteries?
The differences between lead acid batteries and acid batterieslithium for electric vehicles are as follows ——
1. Different concepts
The lead-acid battery (VRLA) is a battery whose electrodes are mainly made up of lead and its oxides, and the electrolyte is a solution of sulfuric acid.
Lithium battery is a type of battery that uses lithium metal or lithium alloy as the negative electrode material and uses non-aqueous electrolyte solution.
2. Different durability
Lead-acid batteries are generally deeply charged and discharged within 300 times, have memory, and have a lifespan of about two years. And inside the lead-acid battery there is liquid, and after a period of consumption, the liquid needs to be replenished;
Lithium batteries are very durable, consume slowly, can be charged and discharged more than 500 times and have no memory, with a general lifespan of 4-5 years.
3. Different volume and quality
Typically, lead acid batteries weigh 16-30 kg and are larger
Lithium batteries usually weigh 2.5-3000 kg . 3 kilograms, the volume is relatively small.
4. Different prices and warranty periods
Lead-acid batteries cost around 450 yuan and the warranty period is 1 year
Lithium batteries are relatively expensive and; require It costs about 1,000 yuan, but the warranty period is two years.
5. Different battery capacities
The capacity of lead acid battery is about 20 amps; Lithium battery capacity is 8-10 amps.
6. Environmental protection is different
Lead-acid batteries contain pollution during the production process and may cause pollution if improperly recycled.
Lithium batteries are relatively polluting; green and cleanenvironmentally friendly.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Lithium Battery
Baidu Encyclopedia - Lead Acid Battery
1. Different properties
1. Lead-acid battery: Battery whose electrodes consist mainly of lead and its oxides, and the electrolyte is a solution of sulfuric acid.
2. Lithium battery: A type of battery that uses lithium metal or lithium alloy as the negative electrode material and uses a non-aqueous electrolyte solution.
2. Different characteristics
1. Characteristics of lead-acid batteries:
(1) Safety seal
During normal operation, the electrolyte No leakage from the battery terminals or case. No free acid Special wick separators keep the acid inside and there is no free acid inside the battery, so the battery can be placed anywhere.
(2) Ventilation system
OnceAs the internal pressure of the battery exceeds the normal level, the lead-acid battery releases excess gas and automatically closes to ensure that there is no excess gas in the battery.
(3) Simple maintenance
Since the gas composite system converts the generated gas into water, there is no need to add water when cleaning. use of VRLA batteries.
(4) Long lifespan
VRLA batteries using corrosion-resistant lead-calcium alloy fences can float for 10-15 years.
2. Lithium battery characteristics:
(1) The energy is relatively high. It has a high storage energy density, reaching 460-600 Wh/kg, about 6-7 times that of lead-acid batteries.
(2) Long service life, the service life can reach more than 6 years. Lithium iron phosphate is used as a positive electrode battery for charging and discharging 1C (100% DOD), with 10000 records available;
(3) The rated voltage is high (the working voltage of a single unit is 3.7V or 3.2V), which is equivalent to the series voltage of three rechargeable batteries nickel-cadmium or nickel-metal hydride, and it is easy to form a battery power supply. Lithium batteries can adjust the voltage to 3.0V with the new lithium battery voltage regulator technology to adapt to small houses.Electricity consumption.
(4) With high power endurance, the lithium iron phosphate battery for electric vehicles can reach 15-30 degrees Celsius charging and discharging capacity, which is convenient for starting and high intensity accelerations.
(5) The self-discharge rate is very low, which is one of the most notable advantages of the battery. This can be less than 1%/month, or less than 1/20 of N batteriesiMH.
Detailed information:
Maintenance of lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries:
The charging process for new batteries usually takes 6 to 8 hours. The charger will turn green after charging. If the charging time is too long, you should check whether the voltage protection device of the charger is damaged. If damaged, the charger should be replaced in time. Otherwise, it's easy to recharge the battery. In addition, the charger does not buy a fast charger, and fast charging is also harmful to the battery board.
If the battery is not cleaned in time, it will easily affect the service life and electrical performance of the battery. Simply put, a battery is an electrochemical device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. For the battery to function properly, it must remain cleane.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Lithium Battery
Baidu Encyclopedia-Lead Acid Battery