Hydrogen fuel cells are more promising, lithium batteries are polluting, and hydrogen fuel cells generate kinetic energy through the combination of hydrogen and oxygen, which is non-polluting. Lithium batteries and hydrogen fuel cells each have their advantages and disadvantages. In summary, both have their own advantages in terms of charging/refueling times, pollution levels, range, charging station costs and battery costs. For example, hydrogen fuel cells only take a few minutes to recharge, but lithium batteries typically take more than an hour, even when overcharged. For example, the Tesla V3 Supercharger, although it may have extremely fast charging speed, it does not represent the general situation.
As for the level of pollution and cruising rangeera, it goes without saying that these are the advantages of hydrogen fuel cells. Lithium-ion batteries have always been difficult to break the cruising range bottleneck, and they are also sources of pollution. However, because lithium batteries are more mature, the costs of their charging stations and batteries are much lower than hydrogen fuel cells. According to research, the cost of building one hydrogen refueling station is approximately equal to the cost of building five lithium battery charging stations (excluding subsequent maintenance).
Let me say that these two types of batteries have great prospects, but their future development directions will be different. Lithium batteries are more suitable for passenger cars, while hydrogen fuel cells are more suitable for commercial vehicleses. In a similar conclusion, Professor Ouyang Minggao of Tsinghua University (Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences) mentioned at the 2018 Hydrogen Energy Industry Innovation and Development Forum: “Through various practices, lithium-ion battery systems are more suitable for gasoline engines and hydrogen fuel cell systems are more suitable for replacing diesel engines. Therefore, current technology research focuses on commercial fuel cell vehicles”
Since China is the largest new energy market in the future. Most automakers will have hydrogen fuel cells in their plans for the next 3-7 years (2020-2025), and they will basically appear on the list of commercial vehicles.
It always depends on market demand. As a means of transport, vehiclesnew energy seek nothing other than safety, power and endurance. In this regard, the biggest bottleneck of lithium battery vehicles is endurance, and the bottleneck of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles is safety.
As an electric vehicle battery, after several generations of development, it started with lead-acid batteries, then nickel-cadmium and nickel-metal hydride batteries, and finally lithium batteries . This shows that lithium batteries are indeed unique. Regardless of energy density, specific power or lifespan, lithium batteries are currently the best choice. But currently, the best lithium batteries can only achieve a range of about 500 kilometers, under ideal working conditions, so they cannot reach the level of fuel vehicles. Developerting new batteries is an unavoidable task for new energy vehicles.
Efforts for new batteries are multi-faceted, including graphene batteries, metal-air batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, supercapacitor batteries, etc., each of which having achieved breakthroughs.The destruction of capital will cause a revolution in the automobile industry. But the most likely breakthrough at the moment concerns solid-state batteries, which should have been confirmed in the laboratory. Big companies are racing against time to develop and produce them first, to see who can mass-produce them first.
The most representative fuel cell vehicle at present is Toyota's MIRAI, which has a range of more than 500 kilometers and can also serve as a mobile power station. The plug in the trunk can go crazyprovide enough electricity for a regular vehicle. with family for a week. There are two major drawbacks. One is to store hydrogen at a pressure of 700 atmospheres. In the event of a leak or explosion, the consequences will be disastrous. Additionally, there are too few hydrogen refueling stations and nowhere to fill up. The use of platinum as a catalyst does not pose a big problem. Firstly, the quantity used is small and, secondly, alternatives have emerged.
The problem with pure electric vehicles is where does the charging power come from? Maybe it's also made from coal so it must be eco-friendly if you can't see that. The emissions from hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are pure water, which is absolutely environmentally friendly. However, it is difficult to say whether the hydrogen production process usedis environmentally friendly, so it's not yet clear which one will end up winning.
Thus, whoever can attract more consumers will have a market.