The cathode materials of lithium ion batteries mainly include lithium cobalt oxide LiCoO2, lithium manganate LiMn2O4, lithium nickel oxide LiCoxNiyMnzO2, ternary materials, lithium iron phosphate LiFePO4, etc. The cathode material using ternary materials is called ternary lithium battery;
The main advantage of ternary lithium batteries is that the energy density is higher than that of other materials;
The ternary type cathode materials Lithium batteries are divided into: NCA nickel cobalt aluminum and NCM nickel cobalt manganese;
Most ternary materials are NCM. Generally, the ternary lithium battery we mention refers to NCM. Representative foreign manufacturers of NCM are SDI and SKI. In China, it is mainly Lishen, Huitong Tianxia, BAK, Wanxiang, Deloneng, etc. Tesla uses type NCA18650. The NCA presente relatively strong stability and strong cycle performance; However, during the production process, because Al is an amphoteric metal and is not easy to precipitate, there is a threshold in the process. Because the aluminum content of NCA is too low, it is often called a binary material.
NCM product models of ternary materials range from 111 ternary (N:C:M=1:1:1) to 433, 532, 622, 811. As the nickel content increases, the energy density of the battery also increases accordingly.
Which is better, a ternary lithium battery or a lithium iron phosphate battery? What is the difference?
Green energy batteries are divided into three types: one is NCM ternary lithium battery(representing the manufacturer " CATL "), the other is an NCA ternary lithium battery (representing the manufacturer "Panasonic"), and the last one is a lithium batteryiron phosphate (representing the manufacturer "BYD").
NCM and NCA ternary lithium batteries can be classified into one category, and most models on the market are basically equipped with this type of battery. An important characteristic of ternary lithium batteries is that they have high energy density. Therefore, the most intuitive effect is to have longer battery life. The downside is that the demand for cobalt is high, but in order to reduce costs, battery manufacturers will reduce cobalt and increase nickel. However, this will cause the stability of the battery to deteriorate, so some cheap new energy vehicles are prone to spontaneous combustion.
The lithium iron phosphate battery has low energy density, short battery life and occupies a large space. But lithium iron phosphat batteriesThey have a long lifespan. Normally, lithium iron phosphate batteries start to break down after almost 10 years, so they need to be replaced. The lifespan of ternary lithium battery is shorter than that of lithium iron phosphate, generally about 6 years.
Maintenance of new energy batteries:
1. It is strictly prohibited to lose energy during storage
It is strictly prohibited to lose energy during battery storage. Exhausted battery means the battery is not charged in time after use. When the battery is stored in a depleted state, it is easy for sulfate to block the ion channels, resulting in insufficient charging and a decrease in battery capacity.
2. Regular inspection
During use, if the range of an electric vehicle suddenly decreases significantly in a short time, it is very likelythat at least one battery in the battery pack has a short circuit such as broken cells, softening of the plates or loss. of active ingredient on the plates. Therefore, you should contact a professional battery repair agency in time for inspection, repair or assembly. It can relatively extend battery life and save money to the greatest extent.
This is definitely a better ternary lithium battery. The difference is that first of all, the price of lithium batteries is lower than that of iron phosphate. Second, lithium batteries are environmentally friendly. Battery friendly and can be used repeatedly.
Ternary lithium battery
The full name of ternary lithium battery is "ternary material battery", which generally refers to the use of lithium nickel cobalt manganate ( Li (NiCoMn) O2, NCM ) or Lithium nickel cobalt aluminate (NCA) ternary cathode material lithium battery uses nickel salt, cobalt salt and manganese salt as three different components and adjusts the proportions differently, it is therefore called "ternary", which includes many different components. battery type. Distinguished by their shape, they can be divided into soft batteries, cylindrical batteries and square hard-shell batteries.
Its rated voltage can reach 3.6-3.8V, with relatively high energy density, high voltage platform, high socket density, long battery life, power of high output, poor high temperature stability, but excellent low temperature performance. The cost is also relatively high.
Lithium iron phosphate batteries
Lithium iron phosphate batteries use lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) as the materialcathode. Iron is used as a low-cost battery raw material and does not contain heavy metals. metals. , less environmental pollution and the working voltage is 3.2V.
The PO bond in the lithium iron phosphate crystal is stable, so there will be no leakage when it is stored at zero voltage. It is very safe under high temperature or overcharge conditions, can be charged quickly and has a high discharge. power and is safe. Memory effect, high life, defects include poor low temperature performance, low cathode material setting density, low energy density, and product yield and consistency have also been remitted in question.
Both types of batteries have their own advantages
Under high temperature conditions, the ternary material of the ternary lithium battery will decompose at 200°C, causingcausing a violent chemical reaction and releasing oxygen. atoms and are subject to combustion or explosion at high temperatures. Therefore, for safety reasons, China's Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued special regulations in January 2016 to temporarily limit the use of ternary lithium batteries to purely electric buses. Lithium phosphate batteries have a decomposition temperature of 800°C, are less likely to catch fire and are relatively safe.
Under low temperature conditions (temperature below -10℃), lithium phosphate batteries degrade very quickly. After less than 100 charge and discharge cycles, the battery capacity will drop to 20% of its initial capacity, which is normal. basically the same as It is insulated for use in cold areas; and ternary lithium batteries have excellents low temperature performance and can maintain normal battery capacity in -30°C conditions, making them more suitable for use in northern low temperature areas. .