Lithium-ion batteries are widely used due to their light weight, high specific energy and long cycle life. Low temperature lithium batteries are made of special materials and processes and are suitable for use in subzero cold environments. working capacity and performance are excellent. It is generally necessary to work normally in an environment of around -40°C. The discharge capacity remains above 80% and the lowest operating temperature can reach -50°C.
They are divided into three series depending on their environment of use: low-temperature civilian batteries, special low-temperature batteries and low-temperature batteries for extreme environments.
Civilian lithium battery at low temperature: battery discharge from -20℃ to 0.2C accounts for more than 90% of the capacitynominal city; battery discharge of -30℃ to 0.2C is more than 85% of rated capacity; ;
Special low temperature lithium battery: battery discharge at -40°C to 0.2C is more than 80% of the rated capacity
Low temperature lithium battery temperature for extreme environments: -50°C battery 0.2C discharge represents more than 50% of rated capacity.
Lithium batteries are not fully charged in winter. Why?
Lithium batteries can withstand low temperatures of -40°C.
Excellent temperature resistance of lithium iron phosphate batteries at low temperatures: when discharged at -40℃ to 0.5°C, the discharge capacity exceeds 65% of the initial capacity when They are discharged at -35℃ to 0.5°C; 0.3C, discharge capacity exceeds 75% of initial capacity;
Wide operating temperature range, from -40℃ to 55℃; pecan be charged at -20℃; charged at -20℃ with 0.2C discharge cycle test curve, after 300 cycles, there is still over 93% capacity retention rate.
Detailed information:
Steel cased low temperature lithium ion iron battery works At low temperatures above -20°C, the discharge is approximately 60%. If the lithium ion iron battery manufacturer is powerful, it can achieve about 70% discharge capacity.
Since the electrolyte used in steel-cased lithium-ion iron batteries is liquid, its low temperature resistance has some disadvantages. Because at low temperatures, the liquid state easily transforms into a solid state. If the temperature is -25℃ and below, the discharge capacity will drop sharply and the battery may even fall intobreakdown and cannot discharge electricity.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Lithium Battery
Low temperature environment What impact does this have on the battery?
Because the cold environment will increase the electrolytic resistance of the lithium battery, reduce the chemical reaction rate, and the current generated inside the lithium battery will also be relatively reduced. At present, although there is electricity inside the lithium battery, it cannot be fully discharged. Therefore, the lithium battery will not be fully charged in winter. In the final analysis, the lithium battery cannot be completely released.
Detailed information:
Lithium batteries will reduce their capacity at low temperatures to protect themselves. Therefore, the battery life ofs cell phones may be shortened in cold environments. For example, the driving time of electric vehicles will be shorter in winter. also the reason. But this situation is only temporary. When the battery temperature returns to normal, the battery life also returns to normal.
Temperature also affects the speed of electrolyte transmission. As the temperature increases, the transmission speed increases. When the transmission temperature decreases, the transmission will slow down and the battery charging and discharging performance will also be affected. However, if the temperature is too high, exceeding 45°C, it will destroy the chemical balance of the lithium battery and cause side reactions.
When the ambient temperature is very high, the cell phone battery can adapt to temperatures from minus 20 degrees Celsius to 60 degrees Celsius. But when the environment is so low that it is below zero, it will be difficult for it to adapt to this situation, and its performance will decrease accordingly. Slowly, the electrical protection will weaken, which will affect the normal operation of the. cellphone. Finally, causing a shutdown.
References:
Zhongguancun Online-It turns out that they are the real culprits of cell phones automatically shutting down
Batteries can they be fully charged in winter?
Of all environmental factors, temperature has the greatest impact on battery charging and discharging performance. The electrochemical reaction at the electrode/electrolyte interface is linked to the ambient temperature. like a lithium battery core.
If the temperature decreases, the reaction speed of the electroalso decreases. Assuming the battery voltage remains constant and the discharge current decreases, the battery output power will also decrease. If the temperature increases, the opposite is true, that is, the battery output power will increase and the temperature will also affect the electrolyte transmission speed. If the temperature increases, it will speed up, the transmission temperature will decrease. the transmission will slow down, and the charging and discharging performance of the lithium battery will also be affected.
But if the temperature is too high, it will destroy the chemical balance of the battery and cause side reactions. The discharge efficiency of nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride and lithium batteries will be significantly reduced at low temperatures (e.g. below -15, the lye reaches the freezing point and the battery charging speed will be equalconsiderably). reduced.
Charging at low temperatures below 0 will increase the internal pressure of the battery and possibly open the safety valve. In order to charge effectively, the ambient temperature range should be between 0 degrees and 28 degrees. Generally, the charging efficiency increases with increasing temperature, but when the temperature exceeds 45, the performance of rechargeable lithium battery materials is high. temperatures will worsen and battery life will also be significantly shortened.
Yes. The migration rate of lithium ions in the electrolyte and electrode sheets is theoretically closely related to the temperature. It can be used normally when the temperature is between -20℃ and 55℃. In daily life, lithium batteries are not damaged when the temperature is between 5℃ and 35℃. Used themNortherners should take back their lithium batteries as much as possible. possible in winter. Store it at home and don't put it outside.
Generally speaking, the temperature in winter is relatively low and the outside temperature is generally between minus 5 and 10 degrees. This has a greater impact on lead-acid and lithium batteries. electric vehicles. When the temperature is lower, the hardware activity of the battery will decrease and the overall capacity of the battery will decrease due to the influence of temperature.
So even though the charger says the battery is fully charged, the actual charging capacity is only 70% of the full charge in summer. Therefore, the driving time is much shorter than in summer. conditions for electric vehicles in winter permit. If so, you can choose to charge indoors. After all, mostrt homes now have heating or air conditioning, and the indoor temperature is relatively high. When the temperature is above 15 degrees, the electric vehicle battery will run out. basically not fully charged.
Many factors affect the battery life and mileage of electric vehicles. Generally speaking, they can be roughly divided into the following aspects.
The first is that the vehicle body is overloaded, resulting in slow driving and insufficient power.
The second is that electric vehicles often go up and down hills, and even if they reach maximum speed, they cannot gain speed.
The third is that insufficient tire inflation causes greater resistance and the speed cannot be increased.
The fourth is the demagnetization of the motor or the failurethrows the transmission into third gear. The fourth is insufficient battery power or speed limiter restrictions, etc. Just make a specific judgment based on your own real situation.