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SIST EN ISO 19134:2009
01-maj-2009
Geografske informacije - Storitve na podlagi lokacije - Večnačinovno usmerjanje in
navigacija (ISO 19134:2007)
Geographic information - Location-based services - Multimodal routing and navigation
(ISO 19134:2007)
Geoinformation - Standortbezogene Dienste - Multimodale Routenplanung und
Navigation (ISO 19134:2007)
Information géographique - Services basés sur la localisation - Routage et navigation
multimodaux (ISO 19134:2007)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 19134:2008
ICS:
07.040 Astronomija. Geodezija. Astronomy. Geodesy.
Geografija Geography
35.240.70 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in science
znanosti
SIST EN ISO 19134:2009 en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 19134:2009
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SIST EN ISO 19134:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 19134
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
August 2008
ICS 35.240.70
English Version
Geographic information - Location-based services - Multimodal
routing and navigation (ISO 19134:2007)
Information géographique - Services basés sur la Geoinformation - Standortbezogene Dienste - Multimodale
localisation - Routage et navigation multimodaux (ISO Routenplanung und Navigation (ISO 19134:2007)
19134:2007)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 July 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 19134:2008: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 19134:2009
EN ISO 19134:2008 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.3
2
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SIST EN ISO 19134:2009
EN ISO 19134:2008 (E)
Foreword
The text of ISO 19134:2007 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211 “Geographic
information/Geomatics” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over
as EN ISO 19134:2008 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 287 “Geographic Information” the secretariat of
which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by February 2009.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 19134:2007 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 19134:2008 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 19134:2009
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SIST EN ISO 19134:2009
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 19134
First edition
2007-02-01
Geographic information — Location-
based services — Multimodal routing and
navigation
Information géographique — Services basés sur la localisation —
Routage et navigation multi-modes
Reference number
ISO 19134:2007(E)
©
ISO 2007
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SIST EN ISO 19134:2009
ISO 19134:2007(E)
PDF disclaimer
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© ISO 2007
or by any means,
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E-mail [email protected]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 19134:2009
ISO 19134:2007(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Conformance. 1
3 Normative references . 1
4 Terms and definitions. 1
5 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 4
5.1 Acronyms . 4
5.2 UML Notation. 4
5.3 Package abbreviations. 4
6 Multimodal LBS for routing and navigation.5
6.1 Semantics . 5
6.2 Multimodal Network. 5
6.3 Multimodal Routing . 18
6.4 Multimodal Constraint and Advisory. 24
6.5 Multimodal Navigation Service. 26
6.6 Multimodal Cost Function. 29
Annex A (normative) Abstract test suite. 31
Annex B (informative) Multimodal Cost Functions for routing and navigation. 33
Bibliography . 38
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SIST EN ISO 19134:2009
ISO 19134:2007(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 19134 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics.
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SIST EN ISO 19134:2009
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Introduction
In everyday life in metropolitan areas in the world, a typical traveller is involved in using various modes of
transportation for daily activities: e.g. walking, driving, park-and-ride, mass transit and taxi. The traveller
frequently faces the problem of finding the optimal or best route combining several modes, from the origin to
the destination, passing through the locations (waypoints) where the traveller might want to engage in
activities such as shopping and meeting people, possibly satisfying a set of constraints such as the sequence
constraints like “activity 1 before activity 2”, “location 1 before location 2”, etc. A typical intercity traveller faces
situations requiring decisions to be made such as which station (junction) and by which mode to travel in order
to take which system among the available transportation modes between an origin and a destination. The
decision will depend on the overall cost that includes the line-haul, parking, routing, stopping at stations
(junctions), stopping at intermediate places, etc.
This International Standard provides a conceptual schema for describing the data and services needed to
support routing and navigation application for mobile clients who intend to reach a target position using two or
more modes of transportation. This conceptual schema is a standard schema such as the spatial schema
(ISO 19107) or the temporal schema (ISO 19108). This International Standard provides a description of a
service type to support routing and navigation for a mode that operates either on a fixed route or with a fixed
schedule, a description of data type for transfers, and a description of data type for schedule information and
route information of a mode with a fixed route and/or schedule.
Based upon ISO 19133:2005, this International Standard specifies additional classes as well as extensions to
existing classes to be used for multimodal routing and navigation. As in ISO 19133:2005, this International
Standard assumes that all requests for services will be encapsulated in a request/response pair between the
mobile client and the client application or its on-web proxy application. Therefore, this International Standard
describes service operation types and a set of request/response data types associated with some operations
which are necessary for multimodal routing and navigation.
By way of adding and/or expanding ISO 19133:2005, standardized conceptual schemas for multimodal routing
and navigation of mobile clients will increase the ability to share geographic information among multimodal
location-based service applications. These schemas will be used by multimodal location-based service
applications, mostly in metropolitan areas, and in all intercity travelling environments to provide consistently
understandable spatial data structures.
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SIST EN ISO 19134:2009
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SIST EN ISO 19134:2009
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19134:2007(E)
Geographic information — Location-based services —
Multimodal routing and navigation
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the data types and their associated operations for the implementation of
multimodal location-based services for routing and navigation. It is designed to specify web services that may
be made available to wireless devices through web-resident proxy applications, but is not limited to that
environment.
2 Conformance
Conformance to this International Standard depends on the type of entity declaring conformance.
Mechanisms for the data exchanges are conformant to this International Standard if they contain record
implementations of the object types described within this International Standard, as specified in A.2.
Web services for routing and navigation are conformant to this International Standard if their interfaces
implement one or both of the subtypes of service defined in this International Standard, as specified in A.3.
Details of the conformance classes are given in the Abstract test suite in Annex A.
3 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 19101, Geographic information — Reference model
ISO 19107, Geographic information — Spatial schema
ISO 19108, Geographic information — Temporal schema
ISO 19112, Geographic information — Spatial referencing by geographic identifiers
ISO 19133:2005, Geographic information — Location-based services — Tracking and navigation
4 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
4.1
application
manipulation and processing of data in support of user requirements
[ISO 19101]
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4.2
application schema
conceptual schema for data required by one or more applications
[ISO 19101]
4.3
cost function
function that associates a measure (cost) to a route
[ISO 19133:2005]
NOTE The normal mechanism is to apply a cost to each part of a route, and to define the total route cost as the sum
of the cost of the parts. This is necessary for the operation of the most common navigation algorithms. The units of cost
functions are not limited to monetary costs and values only, but include such measures as time, distance and possibly
others. The only requirement is that the function be additive and at least non-negative. This latter criteria can be softened
as long as it is not zero or less cost is associated to any loop in the network, as this will prevent the existence of a
“minimal cost” route.
4.4
junction
single topological node in a network with its associated collection of turns, and incoming and outgoing links
[ISO 19133:2005]
NOTE Junction is an alias for node.
4.5
link
directed topological connection between two nodes (junctions), consisting of an edge and a direction
[ISO 19133:2005]
NOTE Link is an alias for directed edge.
4.6
location
identifiable geographic place
[ISO 19112]
NOTE A location is represented by one of a set of data types that describes a position, along with metadata about
that data, including coordinates (from a coordinate reference system), a measure (from a linear referencing system), or an
address (from an address system) [ISO 19133:2005].
4.7
location-based service
LBS
service whose return or other property is dependent on the location of the client requesting the service or of
some other thing, object or person
[ISO 19133:2005]
4.8
navigation
combination of routing, route traversal and tracking
[ISO 19133:2005]
NOTE This is essentially the common term navigation, but the definition decomposes the process in terms used in
the packages defined in this International Standard.
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4.9
network
abstract structure consisting of a set of 0-dimensional objects called junctions, and a set of 1-dimensional
objects called links that connect the junctions, each link being associated to a start (origin, source) junction
and end (destination, sink) junction
[ISO 19133:2005]
NOTE The network is essentially the universe of discourse for the navigation problem. Networks are a variety of
one-dimensional topological complexes. In this light, junction and topological nodes are synonyms, as are link and
directed edges.
4.10
position
data type that describes a point or geometry potentially occupied by an object or person
[ISO 19133:2005]
NOTE A direct position is a semantic subtype of position. Direct position as described can only define a point and
therefore not all positions can be represented by a direct position. That is consistent with the “is type of” relation. An
ISO 19107 geometry is also a position, but not a direct position.
4.11
route
sequence of links, and/or partial links, that describe a path, usually between two positions, within a network
[ISO 19133:2005]
4.12
routing
finding of optimal (minimal cost function) routes between locations in a network
[ISO 19133:2005]
4.13
tracking
monitoring and reporting the location of a vehicle
[ISO 19133:2005]
4.14
transportation mode
means that travellers can choose for transportation
4.15
turn
part of a route or network consisting of a junction location and an entry and exit link for that junction
[ISO 19133:2005]
4.16
traveller
person subject to being navigated, or tracked
cf. vehicle
[ISO 19133:2005]
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4.17
vehicle
object subject to being navigated or tracked
cf. traveller
[ISO 19133:2005]
5 Symbols and abbreviated terms
5.1 Acronyms
BPR Bureau of Public Roads
GDF Geographic Data Format
GIS Geographic Information System
GML Geographic Markup Language
GPS Global Positioning System
ITS Intelligent Transportation System
LBS Location-Based Service
LBMS Location-Based Mobile Services
LP Linear Programming
PCU Passenger Car-equivalent Unit
UML Unified Modeling Language
5.2 UML Notation
The UML notation used in this International Standard is described in ISO 19107, and differs from standard
UML only in the existence and interpretation of some special stereotypes, in particular “CodeList” and “Union”.
As in ISO 19133:2005, the term “context diagram”, as used extensively in the naming of figures in this
International Standard, means a diagram that illustrates the context of a specified central type meaning the
types of its attributes, operations and association targets. This is the information most useful to the
implementer of this central class.
5.3 Package abbreviations
Two-letter abbreviations are used to denote the package that contains a class. Those abbreviations precede
class names, connected by a “_”. The International Standard in which those classes are located is indicated in
parentheses. A list of those abbreviations follows.
MM Multimodal Network (ISO 19134)
MN Multimodal Navigation Service (ISO 19134)
NS Navigation Service (ISO 19133:2005)
NT Network (ISO 19133:2005)
TM Temporal (ISO 19108)
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6 Multimodal LBS for routing and navigation
6.1 Semantics
The model for multimodal LBS for routing and navigation consists of the ISO 19133:2005 package and five
leaf packages: Multimodal Network, Multimodal Routing, Multimodal Constraint and Advisory, Multimodal Cost
Function, and Multimodal Navigation Service. In addition to the appropriate types and classes of
ISO 19133:2005, the five leaf packages contain types and classes which are necessary to create a multimodal
LBS routing and navigation service. Figure 1 shows the dependencies among those leaf packages, including
the ISO 19133:2005 package.
Multimodal location-based service utilizes networks of public transportation modes that operate on fixed
and/or flexible schedule routes, using either road networks or guided networks. Preferable travel modes are
decided and travel costs are calculated based on user preference and/or on cost functions.
Figure 1 — Package dependencies
6.2 Multimodal Network
6.2.1 Semantics
The multimodal network model in this International Standard extends NT_CombinedNetwork and related
classes from ISO 19133:2005, in order to specify multimodal LBS for routing and navigation. Multimodal
network consists of component route segments and transfer nodes as shown in Figure 2. Modal transfer
occurs only at a transfer node.
EXAMPLE One can transfer at NODE 112 from BUS # 2 to SUBWAY # 5. Transfers from walking or taxi to line-haul
modes can be done at other nodes in Figure 2.
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Figure 2 — MM_TransferNode and MM_RouteSegment in the MM_MultimodalNetwork
The route segment, MM_SingleModeLink, is a subtype of NT_Link specified in ISO 19133:2005.
EXAMPLE Figure 3 shows a base network for a multimodal network of which NT_SingleModeLink and its associated
NT_SingleModeJunction are composed.
Figure 3 — NT_SingleModeLinks and NT_SingleModeJunctions in the MM_MultimodalNetwork
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Figure 4 shows how the principal classes defined in this package are related to classes defined in
ISO 19133:2005.
Figure 4 — ISO 19133:2005 and ISO 19134
6.2.2 MM_MultimodalNetwork
6.2.2.1 Semantics
The type MM_MultimodalNetwork is a type which aggregates MM_SingleModeNetworks into
NT_CombinedNetwork for multimodal routing and navigation. Using MM_TransferNodes or MM_TransferLinks,
a MM_MultimodalNetwork merges a set of single mode networks (MM_SingleModeNetwork) into a larger
multimodal network. The UML diagram for MM_MultimodalNetwork is given in Figure 5.
6.2.2.2 Role: componentNetworks : MM_SingleModeNetwork
The association role componentNetworks is the inherited association role from NT_CombinedNetwork in
ISO 19133:2005, which specifies the single mode networks from which this multimodal network is created:
MM_MultimodalNetwork :: componentNetworks : MM_SingleModeNetwork
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6.2.2.3 Role: transferLink : MM_TransferLink
The association role transferLink is the inherited association role from NT_CombinedNetwork in
ISO 19133:2005, which specifies the transfer link used by this multimodal network to link other single mode
networks from its component single mode network list:
MM_MultimodalNetwork :: transferLink : MM_TransferLink
6.2.2.4 Role: transferNode : MM_TransferNode
The association role transferNode is the inherited association role from NT_CombinedNetwork in
ISO 19133:2005, which specifies the transfer nodes used by this multimodal network to join other single mode
networks from its component single mode network list:
MM_MultimodalNetwork :: transferNode : MM_TransferNode
Figure 5 — Context Diagram: MM_MultimodalNetwork
6.2.3 MM_TransferNode
6.2.3.1 Semantics
The type MM_TransferNode is a subtype of NT_TransferNode from ISO 19133:2005, which is a topological
node connected to network links in two different single mode networks. The UML diagram for
MM_TransferNode is given in Figure 6.
6.2.3.2 Attribute: junctionType[0.1] : MM_TransferNodeType
The attribute junctionType overrides the inherited attribute of NT_TransferNode from ISO 19133:2005, which
is used to specify the type of this transfer node:
MM_TransferNode :: junctionType[0.1] : MM_TransferNodeType
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6.2.3.3 Attribute: disabledAccessible : Boolean
The attribute disabledAccessible indicates if this transfer node is accessible for the disabled:
MM_TransferNode :: disabledAccessible : Boolean
6.2.3.4 Role: turn : MM_Transfer
The association role turn specifies the turns (subtyped as MM_Transfer from NT_Transfer) that are located at
this transfer node:
MM_TransferNode :: turn : MM_Transfer
6.2.3.5 Operation: entryLink
The operation entryLink overrides the inherited operation of NT_TransferNode from ISO 19133:2005, which
returns a list of all single mode links that enter this transfer node:
MM_TransferNode :: entryLink() : MM_SingleModeLink [1.*]
6.2.3.6 Operation: exitLink
The operation exitLink overrides the inherited operation of NT_TransferNode from ISO 19133:2005, which
returns a list of all single mode links that exit from this transfer node:
MM_TransferNode :: exitLink() : MM_SingleModeLink [1.*]
Figure 6 — Context Diagram: MM_TransferNode
6.2.4 MM_TransferNodeType
The code list MM_TransferNodeType extends the inherited code list NT_JunctionType in ISO 19133:2005,
which is the value domain for the transfer nodes. The list includes: bus stop, taxi stop, subway station, lightrail
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station, railway station, intercity bus terminal, platform, gate, port, airport, park-and-ride, public parking lot, and
private parking lot. The UML diagram for MM_TransferNodeType is given in Figure 7.
Figure 7 — Context Diagram: MM_TransferNodeType
6.2.5 MM_Transfer
6.2.5.1 Semantics
The type MM_Transfer is a subtype of NT_Transfer from ISO 19133:2005, which is used to represent a
multimodal transfer that occurs at a transfer node of the multimodal transportation network. MM_Transfer
specifies both which route segment (as a set of MM_SingleModeLink) enters the transfer node and which
route segment (as a set of MM_SingleModeLink) exits the transfer node. The UML diagram for MM_Transfer
is given in Figure 8.
6.2.5.2 Attribute: disabledAccessible : Boolean
The attribute disabledAccessible indicates if this transfer is usable for the disabled:
MM_Transfer :: disabledAccessible : Boolean
6.2.5.3 Role: junction : MM_TransferNode
The association role junction specifies the transfer node at which this transfer occurs:
MM_Transfer :: junction : MM_TransferNode
6.2.5.4 Role: maneuver : MM_TripScheme
The association role maneuver specifies the trip schemes associated to this transfer:
MM_Transfer :: maneuver : MM_TripScheme
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Figure 8 — Context Diagram: MM_Transfer
6.2.6 MM_TransferLink
The type MM_TransferLink, a subtype of NT_TransferLink from ISO 19133:2005, is used to represent links in
a multimodal network whose boundary nodes are in different component single mode networks. The UML
diagram for MM_TransferLink is given in Figure 9.
Figure 9 — Context Diagram: MM_TransferLink
6.2.7 MM_SingleModeNetwork
6.2.7.1 Semantics
The type MM_SingleModeNetwork is a component network of M
...