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STANDARD
SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 14958:2006+A1
April 2009 ICS 67.260 Supersedes EN 14958:2006English Version
Food processing machinery - Machinery for grinding and processing flour and semolina - Safety and hygiene requirements
Machines pour les produits alimentaires - Machines à mouture et transformation de farines et de semoule - Prescriptions relatives à la sécurité et à l'hygiéne
Nahrungsmittelmaschinen - Maschinen zum Mahlen und Verarbeiten von Mehl und Grieß - Sicherheits- und Hygieneanforderungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 May 2006 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 7 March 2009.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14958:2006+A1:2009: ESIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
EN 14958:2006+A1:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .3Introduction .41Scope .52Normative references .53Terms and definitions .74List of significant hazards . 125!!!!Safety requirements and/or protective measures"""" . 145.1General . 145.2Mechanical hazards . 145.3Protective measures against electrical hazards . 225.4Noise reduction . 235.5Protection against dust emission . 235.6Ergonomic requirements . 235.7Protective measures against hazards due to neglecting hygienic principles . 245.8Measures against fire and explosion hazards . 305.9Harmful substance (cleaning and disinfecting agents) . 315.10!!!!Safety related parts of control system . 316Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures . 317Information for use . 337.1General . 337.2Safety signals and warning devices . 347.3Instruction handbook . 347.4Marking . 36Annex A (normative)
Principles of design to ensure the cleanability of machinery . 37Annex B (normative)
Noise test code for grinding and processing flour and semolina (grade 2) . 47Annex C (informative)
Evaluation of explosion risks in plants including grain processing machines . 50Annex ZA (normative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC . 54Annex ZB (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC"""" . 55Bibliography . 56
SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
EN 14958:2006+A1:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14958:2006+A1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 153 “Machinery intended for use with foodstuffs and feed”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2009-03-07. This document supersedes EN 14958:2006. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !". This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document." It is one of a series of standards which have been prepared for machines and equipment for grain processing equipment in accordance with EN 1672-2. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
EN 14958:2006+A1:2009 (E) 4 Introduction !This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. Complementary to the hygiene requirements common to all food processing machines, specific requirements for cleanability and sanitation of the machines in the scope are formulated."
SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
EN 14958:2006+A1:2009 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard deals with the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the following machinery for grinding and processing of flour and semolina, as defined in Clause 3: roller mills, plan sifters and rotary separators, air classifiers, rotating machines and impact machines. The machines in the scope are stationery (not intended to be moved when in operation), have a capacity of at least 100 kg/h, and are intended for use in installations for grain processing, such as flour mills, semolina mills, grain cleaning and flaking plants. This European Standard deals with the significant hazards during commissioning, operation, cleaning and maintenance of the machines in the scope when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer.
This European Standard is not applicable to: machines intended for household use or laboratory use; stone mills; equipment for dampening and heating; auxiliary equipment for conveying, weighting and bagging (without changing the characteristics of the products). This European Standard is not dealing with the following: hazards related to decommissioning; the hazards of the installations into which the machines are incorporated other than those directly related to the machines in the scope (e.g. start of the installation, disconnection of energy supply, need from an emergency stop device); hazards due to the use of the machinery in a potentially explosive atmosphere (when producing this standard it has been assumed that the machinery in the scope, if designed and used in accordance with this European Standard, is not creating itself a hazardous atmosphere wholly of partly surrounding it). NOTE If the machine is intended for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere, additional safety measures can be necessary1). This European Standard is not applicable to machines for grinding and processing of flour and semolina which are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 294:1992, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs EN 349:1993, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body
1) For the EU and the EEA the requirements of the EU directive 94/9/EC may apply. SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
EN 14958:2006+A1:2009 (E) 6 !deleted text" !EN 614-1:2006", Safety of machinery — Ergonomic design principles — Part 1: Terminology and general principles EN 811:1996, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the lower limbs EN 953:1997, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards EN 1088:1997, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for design and selection EN 1127-1:1997, Explosive atmospheres — Explosion prevention and protection — Part 1: Basic concepts and methodology EN 1672-2:2005, Food processing machinery - Basic concepts - Part 2: Hygiene requirements EN 13284-1:2001, Stationery source emissions — Determination of low range mass concentration of dust — Part 1: Manual gravimetric method EN 13478:2001, Safety of machinery — Fire prevention and protection !EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery – Electrical equipment of machines – Part 1: General requirements" EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 60529:1989) EN 61310-1:1995, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 1: Requirements for visual, auditory and tactile signals (IEC 61310-1:1995) EN ISO 3744:1995, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:1994) EN ISO 4871:1996, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (ISO 4871:1996) EN ISO 11201, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Measurement of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions — Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 11201:1995) EN ISO 11688-1:1998, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment — Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995) EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) !EN ISO 13849-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety related parts of controls system — Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006)" SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
EN 14958:2006+A1:2009 (E) 7 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definition given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following apply. 3.1 roller mill machine that carries out a physical action on grain and/or grain products causing granulometric reduction or shape modification by means of pressure generated by counter rotating components (see Figure 1) 3.2 plan sifter and rotary separator machine that carries out a granulometric separating action on grain and/or grain products by means of screens and/or sieves using rotary motion (see Figure 2) 3.3 air classifier machine that carries out a granulometric separating action and/or a separation according to specific weight on grain and/or grain products by means of screens or sieves by using stroking motion (see Figure 3). The following machines are included in this group: purifiers, gravity separators, aspirators, de-stoners, vibrating separators 3.4 rotating machine machine that carries out on grain and/or grain products a physical action by means of rotary motion components and/or a separating action by means of fixed components with screens and sieves
(see Figure 4). The following machines are included in this group: vibrating finishers, intensive scourers, rotating sifters, bran finishers, crumblers, de-germinators, de-huskers 3.5 impact machine machine that carry out a physical action on grain and/or grain products by causing a granulometric reduction by impact using rotating components (see Figure 5). The following machines are included in this group: impactors, infestation destroyers SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
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Key 1 product inlet 2 grinding rolls 3 product outlet 4 drive motor 5 feeding rolls Figure 1 — Operating principle of roller mill SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
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Key 1 product inlet 2 sieves 3 product outlet 4 centrifugal weights 5 suspension rods 6 drive motor Figure 2 — Operating principle of plan sifter and rotary separator SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
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Key 1 product inlet 2 air exhaust 3 sieves 4 product outlets 5 supporting springs 6 vibrating devices Figure 3 — Operating principle of air classifier (purifier, gravity separator, aspirator, de-stoner, vibrating separator) SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
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Key 1 product inlet 2 air exhaust 3 fixed component (sieve or screen) 4 rotating component 5 product outlet 6 drive motor Figure 4 — Operating principle of rotating machine (vibrating fisher, intensive scourer, rotating sifter, bran finisher, crumbler, de-germinator, de-husker) SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
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Key 1 product inlet 2 rotating components 3 drive motor 4 product outlet Figure 5 — Operating principle of impact machine (impactor, infestation destroyer) 4 List of significant hazards This clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk. Before using this standard it is important to carry out a risk assessment of the different types of machines to check that it has the hazards identified in this clause. SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
EN 14958:2006+A1:2009 (E) 13 Table 1 — List of significant hazards Hazards Hazard Zone Relevant subclauses 4.1 Mechanical hazards 4.1.1 Crushing 1 5.2.2.1 – 5.2.3.1 – 5.2.4.1 – 5.2.5.1 – 5.2.6.1 – 5.2.7.1.1 – 5.2.7.2.1 2 5.2.2.2 – 5.2.3.2 – 5.2.5.2. – 5.2.6.2 – 5.2.7.1.2 – 5.2.7.2.2 3 5.2.2.3 – 5.2.5.3 4 5.2.2.4 – 5.2.5.4 5 5.2.2.5 6 5.2.2.6 4.1.2 Cutting or severing 1 5.2.2.1 – 5.2.3.1 – 5.2.4.1 – 5.2.5.1 – 5.2.6.1 – 5.2.7.1.1 – 5.2.7.2.1 2 5.2.2.2 – 5.2.3.2 – 5.2.5.2. – 5.2.6.2 – 5.2.7.1.2 – 5.2.7.2.2 3 5.2.2.3 – 5.2.5.3 4 5.2.2.4 – 5.2.5.4 5 5.2.2.5 6 5.2.2.6 7 5.2.2.7 4.1.3 Entanglement 1 5.2.2.1 – 5.2.3.1 – 5.2.4.1 – 5.2.5.1 – 5.2.6.1 – 5.2.7.1.1 – 5.2.7.2.1 2 5.2.2.2 – 5.2.3.2 – 5.2.5.2. – 5.2.6.2 – 5.2.7.1.2 – 5.2.7.2.2 3 5.2.2.3 – 5.2.5.3 4 5.2.2.4 – 5.2.5.4 5 5.2.2.5 6 5.2.2.6 4.1.4 Abrasion and impact 8 5.2.3.3 – 5.2.4.2 4.2 Electrical hazards and electrostatic
phenomena – 5.3 4.3 Noise hazards e.g. hearing damage, tinnitus, accidents due to a reduced intelligibility of acoustic warning signals, limited speech intelligibility – 5.4 4.4 Hazards resulting from inhalation of dust – 5.5 4.5 Hazards due to neglecting ergonomic principles – 5.6 4.6 Hazards due to neglecting hygienic principles – 5.7.2.1 – 5.7.2.2 – 5.7.2.3 – 5.7.2.4 – 5.7.2.5 – 5.7.2.6 – 5.7.2.7 4.7 Fire and explosion hazards – 5.8 4.8 harmful substances
5.9 SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
EN 14958:2006+A1:2009 (E) 14 5 !!!!Safety requirements and/or protective measures"""" 5.1 General Machinery shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of !EN ISO 12100:2003" for relevant but not significant hazards, which are not dealt with by this European Standard. For hazards which are to be reduced by the application of the type B standards such as EN 294, EN 349, !deleted items", EN 614-1, EN 811, EN 953, EN 1088, EN 1672-2 and EN 13284-1 the manufacturer shall carry out a risk assessment to establish the requirements of the type B-standard. This specific risk assessment shall be part of the general risk assessment of the machine. 5.2 Mechanical hazards 5.2.1 General The following safety requirements for the prevention of mechanical hazards apply: fixed guards shall comply with EN 953. !Fixing systems for fixed guards shall remain attached to these parts or to the machine when the guards areremoved;" NOTE In general movable guards are not considered for the machines in the scope because of the nature of the process. if the manufacturer adopts as an alternative a movable interlocking guard, this guard shall comply with EN 953 and 1088. In that case the possible need for interlocking with guard locking shall be defined on the basis of the risk assessment; safety distances shall be in conformity with EN 294, EN 349 and EN 811. If the access to danger zones at product inlet and/or outlet openings has to be prevented by connection to the machine of auxiliary equipment or other machinery, the information for use shall include the necessary instructions for correct connection. 5.2.2 Roller mill (see Figure 6) 5.2.2.1 Zone 1: feeding rolls Access shall be prevented by fixed guard(s). 5.2.2.2 Zone 2: grinding rolls Access during the normal operation shall be made impossible by means of fixed guard(s). If access to this zone is necessary during normal operation, for example for verifying the product, such access shall only be possible at the out-feed side of the rolls, and an internal fixed guard shall be installed which prevent access to the danger points in accordance with EN 294 (Tables 3 or 4). In that case the external door giving access can be movable without interlocking. 5.2.2.3 Zone 3: roll drive arrangement The access to the roll drive arrangement (or the part of it) located on the same floor as the equipment shall be prevented by fixed enclosing guards. The access to the part of the roll drive arrangement situated below that SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
EN 14958:2006+A1:2009 (E) 15 floor shall also be prevented by fixed enclosing guards unless for danger zones located at more than 2,7 m from the lower floor (see EN 294:1992, 4.1.1). 5.2.2.4 Zone 4: pneumatic pistons Access to the danger zones of pneumatic pistons of roll engaging or disengaging device shall be prevented by fixed enclosing guards. 5.2.2.5 Zone 5: grinding rolls transmission drive Access to the grinding rolls transmission drive (belt, gear or chain) shall be prevented by fixed guards. 5.2.2.6 Zone 6: feeding rolls transmission drive Access shall be prevented by fixed guard. 5.2.2.7 Zone 7: scraper Access shall be prevented by fixed guard. 5.2.3 Plan sifter (see Figure 7) 5.2.3.1 Zone 1: belt transmission drive Access shall be prevented by fixed guard. 5.2.3.2 Zone 2: centrifugal weights Access shall be prevented by fixed guard. 5.2.3.3 Zone 8: loss of stability In order to avoid possible hazard of instability: the machine shall be laid out so that the period of starting phase be limited as much as possible; the design of the control system shall prevent a new start before the machine has stopped completely; detectors are mounted on the machine that detect the sliding or gliding off of the machine and give a stop instruction to the machine if the amplitude of the movement exceeds the normal limit. If the machine is intended for an area with increased earthquake risk it is recommended that it shall be equipped with security ropes capable of keeping the plan sifter stable for at least six times the static load. 5.2.4 Air classifier (purifier) (see Figure 8) 5.2.4.1 Zone 1: vibrating drive The access to the moving parts shall be made impossible by means of fixed guard. The design of the control system shall prevent a new start before the machine has stopped completely. 5.2.4.2 Zone 8: loss of stability The machine shall be laid out so that the period of starting phase is limited as much as possible. SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
EN 14958:2006+A1:2009 (E) 16 5.2.5 Aspirator (see Figure 9) 5.2.5.1 Zone 1: rotor The rotor shall be completely enclosed inside the housing. Access openings shall be closed by fixed guards. 5.2.5.2 Zone 2: rotor drive transmission The access shall be prevented by fixed guard. 5.2.5.3 Zone 3: screw The screw shall be completely enclosed inside the housing. Access openings shall be closed by fixed guards. 5.2.5.4 Zone 4: vibrating drive The access shall be prevented by fixed guard. 5.2.6 Rotating machine (see Figure 10) 5.2.6.1 Zone 1: rotor Where no access is required access to the rotor shall be prevented by means of fixed guard. Where access is required a door without interlocking can be used assuming that the sieve cover acts as a fixed guard with openings in compliance with EN 294:1992, Table 4. 5.2.6.2 Zone 2: rotor drive belt transmission Access shall be prevented by fixed guard. 5.2.7 Impact machines 5.2.7.1 Impactor (see Figure 11) 5.2.7.1.1 Zone 1: rotor The rotor shall be completely enclosed inside the housing. 5.2.7.1.2 Zone 2: rotor drive belt transmission The access shall be prevented by fixed guard. 5.2.7.2 Infestation destroyer (see Figure 12) 5.2.7.2.1 Zone 1: rotor The rotor shall be completely enclosed inside the housing. 5.2.7.2.2 Zone 2: rotor drive belt transmission The access shall be prevented by fixed guard. SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
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Key Zone1: feeding rolls Zone 2: grinding rolls Zone 3: roll drive arrangement Zone 4: pneumatics pistons Zone 5: grinding rolls transmission drive Zone 6: feeding rolls transmission drive Zone 7: scraper Figure 6 — Hazard zones in the roller mill SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
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Key Zone 1: centrifugal weights transmission Zone 2: centrifugal weights Zone 8: loss of stability Figure 7 — Hazard zones in the plan sifter
Key Zone 1: vibrating drive Zone 8: loss of stability Figure 8 — Hazard zones at air classifier (purifier) SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
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Key Zone 1: rotor Zone 2: motor drive belt transmission Zone 3: screw Zone 4: vibrating drive Figure 9 — Hazard zones in the air classifier (aspirator) SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
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Key Zone 1: rotor Zone 2: motor drive belt transmission Figure 10 — Hazard zones in the rotating machine SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
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Key Zone 1: rotor Figure 11 — Hazard zones in the impact machine (impactor) SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
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Key Zone 1: rotor Zone 2: motor drive transmission Figure 12 — Hazard zones in the impact machine (infestation destroyer) 5.3 Protective measures against electrical hazards 5.3.1 General All electrical equipment associated with the machine shall comply with the requirements of !EN 60204-1:2006" as indicated in this clause. 5.3.2 Protection against electric shock 5.3.2.1 Direct contact Live parts shall be located inside enclosures that provide protection against direct contact of at least IP2X as defined in EN 60529:1991. The opening of enclosure shall only be possible by using a key or tool, or by disconnecting the live parts before opening the enclosure (see 6.2.2 options a and b of !EN 60204-1:2006"). 5.3.2.2 Indirect contact Protection against indirect contact due to insulation failure between live parts and exposed conductive parts, shall be achieved by the connection of exposed conductive parts to the protective bonding circuits and disconnection of the supply in accordance with !EN 60204-1:2006". 5.3.3 !!!!Degrees of protection (see 11.3 of EN 60204-1:2006)"""" Enclosure of control gear shall provide a degree of protection at least IP54. SIST EN 14958:2006+A1:2009
EN 14958:2006+A1:2009 (E) 23 5.3.4 Cable section and colours The cable sections shall be according to that indicated in !Annex D of EN 60204-1:2006" and the identification of the cables shall be in compliance with 14.2 of EN 60204-1:1997. 5.3.5 Static electricity The manufacturer shall take appropriate measures against dangerous accumulation of static electricity. If necessary the manufacturer shall also formulate instructions for the integration of the machine in an installation in accordance with EN 1127-1:1997, 6.4.7. 5.3.6 Safety requirements related to electromagnetic phenomena The machines shall have sufficient immunity to electromagnetic disturbances to enable them to operate safely as intended and not fail to danger when exposed to the levels and types of disturbances intended by the manufacturer. The manufacturer of the machines shall design, install and wire the equipment and sub-assemblies taking into account the recommendations of the suppliers of these sub-assemblies. 5.4 Noise reduction Noise reduction shall be an integral part of the design process thus specifically taking into account measures at source as given in EN ISO 11688-1. The success of the applied noise reduction measures is assessed on the basis of the actual noise emission values (see Annex B) in relation to other machines of the same family. The major sound sources are: motors and moving parts. A noise emission declaration shall be given according to Annex B. 5.5 Protection against dust emission Dust emission shall be minimized. For the machinery, this shall be achieved by one or both of the following methods: enclosed design/construction; an interface for connection to an aspiration system. 5.6 Ergonomic requirements The design of the machine shall comply with EN 614-1. In particular correct positions of the body during cleaning and maintenance of the machinery shall be ensured, as well as during the replacement of parts. The manufacturer shall define procedures for the handling of heavy machine parts. For machine parts with a mass of more than 25 kg that have to be transported, the manufacturer shall define ap
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