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SIST EN ISO 10846-5:2009
01-julij-2009
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Acoustics and vibration - Laboratory measurement of vibro-acoustic transfer properties of
resilient elements - Part 5: Driving point method for determination of the low-frequency
transfer stiffness of resilient supports for translatory motion (ISO 10846-5:2008)
Akustik und Schwingungstechnik - Laborverfahren zur Messung der vibro-akustischen
Transfereigenschaften elastischer Elemente - Teil 5: Ermittlung der Transfersteifigkeit
elastischer Stützelemente aus der Eingangssteifigkeit bei Anregung in translatorischer
Richtung und tiefen Frequenzen (ISO 10846-5:2008)
Acoustique et vibrations - Mesurage en laboratoire des propriétés de transfert vibro-
acoustique des éléments élastiques - Partie 5: Méthode du point d'application pour la
détermination de la raideur dynamique de transfert basse fréquence en translation des
supports élastiques (ISO 10846-5:2008)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 10846-5:2009
ICS:
17.140.01 $NXVWLþQDPHUMHQMDLQ Acoustic measurements and
EODåHQMHKUXSDQDVSORãQR noise abatement in general
17.160 Vibracije, meritve udarcev in Vibrations, shock and
vibracij vibration measurements
SIST EN ISO 10846-5:2009 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 10846-5:2009
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SIST EN ISO 10846-5:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 10846-5
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
February 2009
ICS 17.140.01; 17.160
English Version
Acoustics and vibration - Laboratory measurement of vibro-
acoustic transfer properties of resilient elements - Part 5: Driving
point method for determination of the low-frequency transfer
stiffness of resilient supports for translatory motion (ISO 10846-
5:2008)
Acoustique et vibrations - Mesurage en laboratoire des Akustik und Schwingungstechnik - Laborverfahren zur
propriétés de transfert vibro-acoustique des éléments Messung der vibro-akustischen Transfereigenschaften
élastiques - Partie 5: Méthode du point d'application pour la elastischer Elemente - Teil 5: Ermittlung der
détermination de la raideur dynamique de transfert basse Transfersteifigkeit elastischer Stützelemente aus der
fréquence en translation des supports élastiques (ISO Eingangssteifigkeit bei Anregung in translatorischer
10846-5:2008) Richtung und tiefen Frequenzen (ISO 10846-5:2008)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 February 2009.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 10846-5:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 10846-5:2009
EN ISO 10846-5:2009 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
2
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SIST EN ISO 10846-5:2009
EN ISO 10846-5:2009 (E)
Foreword
The text of ISO 10846-5:2008 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43 “Acoustics” of the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 10846-5:2009 by
Technical Committee CEN/TC 211 “Acoustics” the secretariat of which is held by DS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by August 2009.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 10846-5:2008 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 10846-5:2009 without any
modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 10846-5:2009
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SIST EN ISO 10846-5:2009
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 10846-5
First edition
2008-08-15
Acoustics and vibration — Laboratory
measurement of vibro-acoustic transfer
properties of resilient elements —
Part 5:
Driving point method for determination of
the low-frequency transfer stiffness of
resilient supports for translatory motion
Acoustique et vibrations — Mesurage en laboratoire des propriétés de
transfert vibro-acoustique des éléments élastiques —
Partie 5: Méthode du point d'application pour la détermination de la
raideur dynamique de transfert basse fréquence en translation des
supports élastiques
Reference number
ISO 10846-5:2008(E)
©
ISO 2008
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SIST EN ISO 10846-5:2009
ISO 10846-5:2008(E)
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ii © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 10846-5:2009
ISO 10846-5:2008(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions. 3
4 Principle. 5
5 Test arrangements. 6
5.1 Normal translations . 6
5.2 Transverse translations . 7
5.3 Suppression of unwanted vibrations. 8
6 Criteria for adequacy of the test arrangement. 11
6.1 General requirements. 11
6.2 Determination of upper limiting frequency . 12
6.3 Force transducers. 12
6.4 Accelerometers . 12
6.5 Summation of signals. 13
6.6 Analysers. 13
7 Test procedures . 13
7.1 Selection of force measurement system and force distribution plates . 13
7.2 Installation of the test element . 13
7.3 Mounting and connection of accelerometers . 14
7.4 Mounting and connections of the vibration exciter . 14
7.5 Source signal . 14
7.6 Measurements. 14
7.7 Test for linearity. 15
8 Evaluation of test results . 16
8.1 Calculation of dynamic driving-point stiffness . 16
8.2 One-third-octave-band values of the frequency-averaged dynamic driving-point stiffness. 17
8.3 One-third-octave-band values of the frequency-averaged transfer stiffness . 17
8.4 Presentation of one-third-octave-band results. 17
8.5 Presentation of narrow-band data . 18
9 Information to be recorded . 19
10 Test report . 20
Annex A (informative) Static load-deflection curve . 21
Annex B (informative) Measurement uncertainty . 22
Bibliography . 26
© ISO 2008 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 10846-5:2009
ISO 10846-5:2008(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 10846-5 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 1, Noise, and
ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring.
ISO 10846 consists of the following parts, under the general title Acoustics and vibration — Laboratory
measurement of vibro-acoustic transfer properties of resilient elements:
⎯ Part 1: Principles and guidelines
⎯ Part 2: Direct method for determination of the dynamic stiffness of resilient supports for translatory motion
⎯ Part 3: Indirect method for determination of the dynamic stiffness of resilient supports for translatory
motion
⎯ Part 4: Dynamic stiffness of elements other than resilient supports for translatory motion
⎯ Part 5: Driving point method for determination of the low-frequency transfer stiffness of resilient supports
for translatory motion
iv © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 10846-5:2009
ISO 10846-5:2008(E)
Introduction
Passive vibration isolators of various kinds are used to reduce the transmission of vibration. Examples are
automobile engine mounts, resilient supports for buildings, resilient mounts and flexible shaft couplings for
shipboard machinery and small isolators in household appliances.
This part of ISO 10846 specifies a driving point method for measuring the low-frequency dynamic transfer
stiffness function of linear resilient supports. This includes resilient supports with non-linear static
load-deflection characteristics provided that the elements show an approximate linearity for vibration
behaviour for a given static preload. This part of ISO 10846 belongs to a series of International Standards on
methods for the laboratory measurement of vibro-acoustic properties of resilient elements, which also includes
documents on measurement principles, on a direct method and on an indirect method. ISO 10846-1 provides
global guidance for the selection of the appropriate International Standard.
The laboratory conditions described in this part of ISO 10846 include the application of static preload, where
appropriate.
The results of the method described in this part of ISO 10846 are useful for resilient supports that are used to
prevent low-frequency vibration problems and to attenuate structure-borne sound in the lower part of the
audible frequency range. However, for complete characterization of resilient elements that are used to
attenuate low-frequency vibration or shock excursions, additional information is needed, which is not provided
by this method.
© ISO 2008 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 10846-5:2009
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SIST EN ISO 10846-5:2009
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10846-5:2008(E)
Acoustics and vibration — Laboratory measurement of vibro-
acoustic transfer properties of resilient elements —
Part 5:
Driving point method for determination of the low-frequency
transfer stiffness of resilient supports for translatory motion
1 Scope
This part of ISO 10846 specifies a driving point method for determining the low-frequency transfer stiffness for
translations of resilient supports, under a specified preload. The method concerns the laboratory
measurement of vibrations and forces on the input side with the output side blocked, and is called the “driving
point method”.
The stiffness resulting from measuring the input displacement (velocity, acceleration) and input force is the
dynamic driving point stiffness. Only at low frequencies, where the driving point stiffness and the transfer
stiffness are equal, can this method be used for determination of the dynamic transfer stiffness.
NOTE 1 In ISO 10846-2, the direct method for measuring the dynamic transfer stiffness is covered. The direct method
covers the determination of the low-frequency dynamic transfer stiffness and it covers, in principle, a wider frequency
range than the driving point method. Nevertheless, the driving point method is covered in the ISO 10846 series of
international standards as well. It is considered as a valuable option for owners of (often expensive) test rigs for driving
point stiffness measurements, to extend the use of these rigs with the determination of low-frequency dynamic transfer
stiffness.
The method is applicable to test elements with parallel flanges (see Figure 1).
Resilient elements, which are the subject of this part of ISO 10846, are those which are used to reduce
a) the transmission of vibration in the lower part of the audible frequency range (typically 20 Hz to 200 Hz) to
a structure which may, for example, radiate unwanted fluid-borne sound (airborne, waterborne or others),
and
b) the transmission of low-frequency vibrations (typically 1 Hz to 80 Hz) which may, for example, act upon
human subjects or cause damage to structures of any size when vibration is too severe.
NOTE 2 In practice, the size of available test rig(s) determines restrictions for very small and for very large resilient
supports.
NOTE 3 Samples of continuous supports of strips and mats are included in the method. Whether or not the sample
describes the behaviour of the complex system sufficiently is the responsibility of the user of this part of ISO 10846.
Measurements for translations normal and transverse to the flanges are covered in this part of ISO 10846.
The method covers the frequency range from f = 1 Hz to the upper limiting frequency f . Typically
1 UL
50 Hz u f u 200 Hz.
UL
The data obtained according to the method specified in this part of ISO 10846 can be used for the following:
⎯ product information provided by manufacturers and suppliers;
© ISO 2008 – All rights reserved 1
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SIST EN ISO 10846-5:2009
ISO 10846-5:2008(E)
⎯ information during product development;
⎯ quality control, and
⎯ calculation of the transfer of vibration through isolators.
NOTE 1 When a resilient support has no parallel flanges, an auxiliary fixture should be included as part of the test
element to arrange for parallel flanges.
NOTE 2 Arrows indicate load direction.
Figure 1 — Example of resilient supports with parallel flanges
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 266, Acoustics — Preferred frequencies
1)
ISO 2041:— , Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring — Vocabulary
ISO 5348, Mechanical vibration and shock — Mechanical mounting of accelerometers
ISO 7626-1, Vibration and shock — Experimental determination of mechanical mobility — Part 1: Basic
definitions and transducers
ISO 10846-1, Acoustics and vibration — Laboratory measurement of vibro-acoustic transfer properties of
resilient elements — Part 1: Principles and guidelines
ISO 16063-21, Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers — Part 21: Vibration calibration
by comparison to a reference transducer
2)
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 , Uncertainty of Measurement — Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in
measurement (GUM:1995)
1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 2041:1990)
2) ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 will be published as a re-issue of the Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement
(GUM), 1995.
2 © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 10846-5:2009
ISO 10846-5:2008(E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2041 and the following apply.
3.1
vibration isolator
resilient element
isolator designed to attenuate the transmission of the vibration in a certain frequency range
1)
NOTE Adapted from ISO 2041:— , definition 2.120.
3.2
resilient support
vibration isolator(s) suitable for supporting a machine, a building or another type of structure
3.3
test element
resilient support undergoing testing including flanges and auxiliary fixtures, if any
3.4
blocking force
F
b
dynamic force on the output side of a vibration isolator, which results in a zero displacement output
3.5
dynamic driving point stiffness
k
1,1
frequency-dependent ratio of the force phasor F on the input side of a vibration isolator with the output side
1
blocked to the displacement phasor u on the input side
1
=/F u
k
1,1
11
NOTE 1 The subscripts “1” denote that the force and displacement are measured on the input side.
NOTE 2 The value of k can be dependent on static preload, temperature and other conditions.
1,1
NOTE 3 At low frequencies, elastic and dissipative forces solely determine k . At higher frequencies, inertial forces
1,1
play a role as well.
3.6
dynamic transfer stiffness
k
2,1
frequency-dependent ratio of the blocking force phasor F on the output side of a resilient element to the
2,b
displacement phasor u on the input side
1
=/F u
k
2,1
2,b 1
NOTE 1 The subscripts “1”and “2” denote the input and output sides respectively.
NOTE 2 The value of k can be dependent on static preload, temperature, relative humidity and other conditions.
2,1
NOTE 3 At low frequencies, k is solely determined by elastic and dissipative forces and k ≈ k . At higher
2,1 1,1 2,1
frequencies, inertial forces in the resilient element play a role as well and k ≠ k .
1,1 2,1
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SIST EN ISO 10846-5:2009
ISO 10846-5:2008(E)
3.7
loss factor of resilient element
η
ratio of the imaginary part of k and the real part of k , i.e. the tangent of the phase angle of k , in the low-
1,1 1,1 1,1
frequency range, where inertial forces in the element are negligible
3.8
frequency-averaged dynamic transfer stiffness
k
av
function of the frequency of the average value of the dynamic transfer stiffness over a frequency band ∆f
NOTE See 8.2
3.9
point contact
contact area, which vibrates as the surface of a rigid body
3.10
normal translation
translational vibration normal to the flange of a resilient element
3.11
transverse translation
translational vibration in a direction perpendicular to that of the normal translation
3.12
linearity
property of the dynamic behaviour of a vibration isolator, if it satisfies the principle of superposition
NOTE 1 The principle of superposition can be stated as follows: if an input x (t) produces an output y (t) and, in a
1 1
separate test, an input x (t) produces an output y (t), superposition holds if the input [ax (t) + bx (t)] produces the output
2 2 1 2
[ay (t) + by (t)]. This must hold for all values of a, b and x (t) and x (t); a and b are arbitrary constants.
1 2 1 2
NOTE 2 In practice, the above test for linearity is impractical and a limited check of linearity is performed by measuring the
dynamic transfer stiffness for a range of input levels. For a specific preload, if the dynamic transfer stiffness is nominally
invariant, the system can be considered linear. In effect, this procedure checks for a proportional relationship between the
response and the excitation (see 7.7).
3.13
driving point method
method in which either the input displacement, velocity or acceleration and the input force are measured, with
the output side of the resilient element blocked
3.14
force level
L
F
level defined by the following formula:
2
F
= 10lg dB
L
F
2
F
0
2
where F denotes the mean square value of the force in a specific frequency band and F is the reference
0
−6
force (F = 10 N)
0
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SIST EN ISO 10846-5:2009
ISO 10846-5:2008(E)
3.15
acceleration level
L
a
level defined by the following formula:
2
a
= 10lg dB
L
a
2
a
0
2
where a denotes the mean square value of the acceleration in a specific frequency band and a is the
0
−6 2
reference acceleration (a = 10 m/s )
0
3.16
level of dynamic transfer stiffness
L
k
2,1
level defined by the following formula:
2
k
2,1
L = 10lg dB
k
2,1 2
k
0
2
where k is the square magnitude of the dynamic transfer stiffness (3.6) at a specified frequency and k is
2,1 0
the reference stiffness (k = 1 N/m)
0
3.17
level of frequency-band-averaged dynamic transfer stiffness
L
k
av
level defined by the following formula:
2
k
av
= 10lg dB
L
k
av
2
k
0
where k is the frequency-averaged dynamic transfer stiffness (3.8) and k is the reference stiffness
av 0
(k = 1 N/m)
0
3.18
flanking transmission
forces and accelerations at the output side caused by the vibration exciter at the input side but via
transmission paths other than through the resilient element under test
3.19
upper limiting frequency
f
UL
frequency up to which k can be determined by using the driving point method, according to the criteria in
2,1
this part of ISO 10846
NOTE See 6.2.
4 Principle
The measurement principle of the driving point method is discussed in ISO 10846-1. The basic principle is that
the input force and either the input displacement, velocity or acceleration are measured with the output side of
the vibration isolator blocked. From these measurements, the driving point stiffness k is determined. At low
1,1
frequencies, up to the frequency f , k is about equal to the transfer stiffness k .
UL 1,1 2,1
© ISO 2008 – All rights reserved 5
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SIST EN ISO 10846-5:2009
ISO 10846-5:2008(E)
The foundation shall provide a sufficient reduction of the vibrations on the output side of the test object,
compared to those on the input side.
The mass between the test isolator and the Input-force transducers causes a bias error in the measurement of
the input force, which limits the frequency range for the correct measurement of k , and is one cause of
1,1
deviation between k and k .
1,1 2,1
The inertial properties leading to eigenmodes of the resilient element is another cause of deviation between
k and k .
1,1 2,1
This part of ISO 10846 gives a method to determine the frequency limit f , up to which the accuracy of the
UL
equivalency between k and k is equal to or within 2 dB.
1,1 2,1
The test procedures according to this part of ISO 10846 cover measurements of transfer stiffness for
unidirectional excitations one by one in normal and in transverse directions.
5 Test arrangements
5.1 Normal translations
5.1.1 Overview
In Figure 2, an example is given of a test arrangement for resilient supports exposed to normal translational
vibration. The sketches are schematic. To be suitable for measurements according to this part of ISO 10846,
the test arrangement sh
...