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SIST EN 50512:2009
01-september-2009
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Electrical installations for lighting and beaconing of aerodromes - Advanced Visual
Docking Guidance Systems (A-VDGS)
Elektrische Anlagen für Beleuchtung und Befeuerung von Flugplätzen - Erweitertes
optisches Andockführungssystem (A-VDGS)
Installations électriques pour l'éclairage et le balisage des aérodromes - Systèmes
Avancés de Guidage Visuel pour l’Accostage
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 50512:2009
ICS:
29.140.50 Instalacijski sistemi za Lighting installation systems
razsvetljavo
93.120 *UDGQMDOHWDOLãþ Construction of airports
SIST EN 50512:2009 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 50512:2009
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SIST EN 50512:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 50512
NORME EUROPÉENNE
February 2009
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 93.120
English version
Electrical installations for lighting and beaconing of aerodromes -
Advanced Visual Docking Guidance Systems (A-VDGS)
Installations électriques pour l'éclairage Elektrische Anlagen für Beleuchtung
et le balisage des aérodromes - und Befeuerung von Flugplätzen -
Systèmes Avancés de Guidage Visuel Erweitertes optisches
pour l’Accostage (SAGVA) Andockführungssystem (A-VDGS)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2008-12-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels
© 2009 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 50512:2009 E
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EN 50512:2009 – 2 –
Foreword
This European Standard was prepared by Working Group 3 of the Technical Committee CENELEC
TC 97, Electrical installations for lighting and beaconing of aerodromes.
The text of the draft was submitted to the Unique Acceptance Procedure and was approved by
CENELEC as EN 50512 on 2008-12-01.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2009-12-01
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2011-12-01
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association and covers essential requirements of
EC Directive 2004/108/EC. See Annex ZZ.
__________
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Contents
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Definitions . 5
4 Requirements . 8
4.1 System performance . 8
4.2 Design . 10
4.3 Safety . 13
4.4 Installation and m a intenanc e . 14
4.5 Verification of equipment quality . 14
5 T est . 15
5.1 Type tests . 15
5.2 Factory test. 26
5.3 Site test . 26
Annex A (informative) Best practices for an A-VDGS and proved methods –
Functions to support the operation particular on busy airports . 27
Annex ZZ (informative) Coverage of Essential Requirements of EC Directives . 30
Figures
Figure 1 – Area covered by the A-VDGS . 8
Figure 2 – Principle test configuration . 19
Figure 3 – Measurement configuration . 20
Figure 4 – Measurement area . 21
Tables
Table 1 – A-VDGS accuracy . 9
Table 2 – Maximum aircraft taxi speed during the docking procedure . 9
Table 3 – Minimum luminance ratios (LR) for various colours, at test angles on the reference
axis and off the reference axis . 11
Table 4 – Temperature tests . 16
Table 5 – Vibration test . 23
Table A.1 – Information provided by the A-VDGS display. 28
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Introduction
This European Standard contains the requirements for an Advanced Visual Docking Guidance
System (A-VDGS) as it is described in the ICAO Annex 14. This standard covers the characteristics
of the electrical and mechanical components. This standard includes the software design where this
affects the required system performance and safety.
An A-VDGS is to be designed to achieve safe and precise guidance during the docking procedure of
an aircraft. The system provides at least a display which shows information of azimuth guidance and
stop information.
The use of an A-VDGS is in principle limited to a defined area with an opening angle and a border
distance to the stop point related to the centre line. The reference point for all distances and
guidance information at the aircraft is the central axis of the nose wheel.
It has to be considered that in some cases the topographical situation of an airport requires a
reduced working area for an A-VDGS which will result in the area being different from the
requirements stated herein.
For practical use on the airport it has to be considered that the detection range can be limited due to
the actual weather and visibility condition prevailing (fog, rain, snow, etc.).
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies requirements of electrical and mechanical design, installation,
maintenance and testing procedures for advanced visual docking guidance systems.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 60068-2-1, Environmental testing - Part 2-1: Tests - Test A: Cold (IEC 60068-2-1)
EN 60068-2-2, Environmental testing - Part 2-2: Tests - Test B: Dry heat (IEC 60068-2-2)
EN 60068-2-5, Environmental testing - Part 2-5: Tests - Test Sa: Simulated solar radiation at ground
level (IEC 60068-2-5)
EN 60068-2-30, Environmental testing - Part 2-30: Tests - Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12 h + 12 h
cycle) (IEC 60068-2-30)
EN 60068-2-64, Environmental testing - Part 2-64: Tests - Test Fh: Vibration, broadband random and
guidance (IEC 60068-2-64)
EN 60439-1:1999, Low-voltage switchgear and control gear assemblies - Part 1: Type-tested and
partially type-tested assemblies (IEC 60439-1:1999)
EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529)
EN 60825-1, Safety of laser products - Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
(IEC 60825-1)
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EN 61000-3-2, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 3-2: Limits - Limits for harmonic current
emissions (equipment input current ≤ 16 A per phase) (IEC 61000-3-2)
EN 61000-3-3, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 3-3: Limits - Limitation of voltage changes,
voltage fluctuations and flicker in public low-voltage supply systems, for equipment with rated current
≤ 16 A per phase and not subject to conditional connection (IEC 61000-3-3)
EN 61000-3-11, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 3-11: Limits - Limitation of voltage
changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker in public low-voltage supply systems - Equipment with rated
current ≤ 75 A and subject to conditional connection (IEC 61000-3-11)
EN 61000-3-12, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 3-12: Limits - Limits for harmonic
currents produced by equipment connected to public low-voltage systems with input current > 16 A
and ≤ 75 A per phase (IEC 61000-3-12)
EN 61000-6-2, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6-2: Generic standards - Immunity for
industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-2)
EN 61000-6-3, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6-3: Generic standards - Emission
standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-3)
HD 472, Nominal voltages for low-voltage public electricity supply systems
(IEC 60038 ‘IEC standard voltages’, mod.)
HD 60364 series, Low voltage electrical installations (IEC 60364 series, mod.)
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
The following definitions were developed to be included in international standards relating to A-VDGS
on aerodromes.
3.1
Advanced Visual Docking Guidance System (A-VDGS)
those systems that provide additional guidance information to pilots, e.g. aircraft type indication,
distance-to-go information and closing speed. Docking guidance information is provided on an
A-VDGS display. Advanced-VDGS also permit interfacing to external management, guidance or
allocation systems
3.2
A-VDGS display
display which presents the guidance and other information to the pilots in the left and/or right hand
seats and to the drivers and to any other persons assisting the aircraft docking procedure
3.3
aircraft type
the aircraft manufacturer's designation for an aircraft grouping with similar design or style of
structure
3.4
ambient brightness
the overall brightness level in the viewing environment surroundings
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3.5
azimuth guidance
information which will enable the pilot of an aircraft to follow the required track
3.6
control of the A-VDGS
any manual or automatic means to operate the A-VDGS. This includes the required settings for an
individual guidance procedure
3.6.1
local control
the control of the A-VDGS from a position where the A-VDGS display and the docking area can be
observed by the A-VDGS operator
3.6.2
remote control
the control of the A-VDGS from any remote position where the operator may not be able to observe
the docking procedure
3.7
detection range
the distance within which the A-VDGS is able to detect an aircraft
3.8
earthed
connected to the general mass of earth in such a manner as to ensure at all times an immediate
discharge of electrical energy to reduce the danger of equipment damage or personnel injury
3.9
electrical equipment
anything used, intended to be used or installed for use, to generate, provide, transmit, transform,
rectify, convert, conduct, distributes, control, store, measure or use electrical energy
3.10
emergency stop
the event caused by manual or automatic means that initiates the emergency stop indication
3.11
emergency stop indication
a stop indication to pilots, drivers and any other persons assisting the docking procedure to
immediately interrupt the docking procedure
3.12
guidance
presentation of any information assisting the pilot and/or driver to reach safely and with the required
accuracy the designated stop area
3.13
Luminance Ratio (LR)
the ratio of luminance emitted from the display in the ON state compared to the luminance in the OFF
state
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Luminance ratio (LR) shall be calculated as follows:
LR = (L - L ) / L
a b b
where
L is defined as the measured luminance of the display in the ON-state when under external
a
illumination;
L is defined as the measured luminance of the display in the OFF-state when under external
b
illumination
3.14
Meteorological Optical Range (MOR)
the length of the path in the atmosphere required to reduce the luminous flux in a collimated beam
from an incandescent lamp, at a colour temperature of 2 700 K, to 0,05 of its original value, the
luminous flux being evaluated by means of photometric luminosity function of the International
Commission on Illumination (CIE) (metre (m) or kilometre (km))
3.15
nose wheel
the single or multiple wheels of the undercarriage at the front of the aircraft used to steer the aircraft
on the ground. The reference point for the docking is the centre of the nose wheel footprint
3.16
on-block
end of a docking procedure where the aircraft is parked in the dedicated stop area
3.17
off-block
end of the aircraft parking period usually initiated by the push-back procedure
3.18
working area of an A-VDGS
the area the A-VDGS is intended to perform the aircraft docking. The working area can be
temporarily limited by environmental or operational influences
3.19
functional safety
part of the overall safety which depends on the correct functioning of the A-VDGS
3.20
power loss
the abnormal power supply condition or a total loss of the external energy supply that does not allow
operating the A-VDGS or parts of the system
3.21
stop point
the predefined location where the particular aircraft shall be parked related to the predefined aircraft
reference point
3.22
stop area
the area defined by the maximum lateral and longitudinal tolerance around the stop point
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3.23
towed aircraft
an aircraft that is moved by an external device like a towing truck or any other towing or pushing
equipment operated outside the aircraft
4 Requirements
4.1 System performance
4.1.1 General conditions
The manufacturer shall state the electrical, mechanical, environmental conditions and functional
performances for which the A-VDGS is designed.
The A-VDGS shall cover an area having a horizontal opening angle of at least 10° to either side of
the centre line with a border distance to the stop point of 1 m to either side of the centre line
according to Figure 1.
The origin of the defined distances is the stop point of the actual aircraft type. The reference point at
the aircraft is the nose wheel.
Due to the topographical situation of an airport the A-VDGS shall provide the capability to limit the
working area.
The detection range can be limited caused by the actual weather and visibility situation (fog, rain,
snow, etc.).
Figure 1 – Area covered by the A-VDGS
4.1.2 System accuracy
The A-VDGS shall provide at least the accuracy defined in Table 1.
The accuracy defines the maximum acceptable deviation between the presented information on the
A-VDGS display and the actual aircraft position.
The deviation is divided in a lateral and longitudinal portion.
The accuracy shall be provided in the range of aircraft speed defined in Table 2.
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Indication to the user shall be provided when the A-VDGS is used outside the defined specification or
an internal failure does not allow guidance with the required accuracy.
A positive indication has to be provided when the aircraft stops inside the defined stop area.
The docking procedure shall not be affected by persons, vehicles or other objects as long as they do
not mask the aircraft significantly.
The A-VDGS shall be capable to guide towed aircraft. The guidance information shall be related
always to the aircraft position.
Table 1 – A-VDGS accuracy
Guidance Max. deviation Max. deviation Max. deviation Max. deviation
presentation at stop position at 9 m at 15 m at 25 m
(stop area)
Azimuth A = ± 250 mm B = ± 340 mm C = ± 400 mm D = ± 500 mm
Distance a = ± 500 mm b = ± 1 000 mm c = ± 1 333 mm ---
Table 2 – Maximum aircraft taxi speed during the docking procedure
Remaining distance to Maximum aircraft speed in m/s
the stop point in m (values in km/h and knots are informative)
m m/s (km/h) (kt)
25 8,9 (32,2) (17,4)
18 7,6 (27,3) (14,8)
13 6,4 (23,2) (12,5)
9 5,4 (19,3) (10,4)
7 4,7 (17,0) (9,2)
5 4,0 (14,4) (7,8)
3 3,1 (11,2) (6,0)
2 2,5 (9,1) (4,9)
1,5 2,2 (7,9) (4,3)
1 1,8 (6,4) (3,5)
0,5 1,0 (3,6) (1,9)
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4.1.3 Control
4.1.3.1 General
The local control function shall be able to override or disconnect the remote control.
4.1.3.2 Local control
The A-VDGS shall be provided with means for local control with at least the following functionalities:
- password or key for access control;
- selection of aircraft type to be docked;
- start of docking procedure;
- emergency stop (no interlock by password or key).
4.1.3.3 Remote control
Where an A-VDGS remote control interface is provided it shall support the exchange of at least the
following information:
Receive by the individual docking system at the gate:
- selection of aircraft type to be docked;
- activating and cancelling of docking procedure;
- bridge interlock signal by which the docking procedure can be blocked in case the boarding bridge
is not properly parked;
- emergency stop.
Send by the individual docking system at the gate:
- selected aircraft type;
- actual A-VDGS status:
- On / Off;
- technical failure;
- docking activated / deactivated;
- emergency stop activated locally,
- actual stand status:
- docking in progress;
- aircraft stopped too far;
- aircraft stopped in range,
- on-block and off-block time.
4.2 Design
4.2.1 Display for the presentation
4.2.1.1 Reading angle
The minimum reading area shall be ± 25° horizontal and +20° to -30° vertical to the display reference
axis.
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4.2.1.2 Luminance ratios and colours
The luminance ratio values must be maintained for all ambient brightness conditions between 20 lx
and 40 000 lx. To avoid dazzling the users, the display luminance shall be adjustable to be suitable
for the actual ambient brightness and background luminance.
The display shall provide the minimum luminance ratios of the presentation in accordance with
Table 3.
Table 3 – Minimum luminance ratios (LR) for various colours,
at test angles on the reference axis and off the reference axis
Colour On display Off display
reference axis reference axis
White 5 3
Yellow 3 1,8
Green 1,5 0,9
Red 1,25 0,75
The definition of the display reference axis is given in 5.1.1.3.2.
4.2.1.3 Alpha numeric characters
If information is presented in alpha numeric characters the minimum size of the characters should be
calculated by the formula:
h = D / 600
where
h is defined as the height of a capital letter;
D is defined as the distance at which the information is intended to be read.
For optimum performance the minimum:
• character width should be 5/7 h;
• character spacing should be 2/7 h;
• word spacing should be 5/7 h;
• line spacing should be 4/7 h;
• backing board border distance should be h (this distance is measured from the border of text to
the border of backing board); and
• number of elements for an alphanumeric character should be 7 (7 elements in vertical direction)
by 5 (5 elements in horizontal direction).
If the display is not based on a dot matrix technology, the resolution and readability of characters
should be equal to or better than a 7*5 matrix. If symbols are used to provide information, the
selected size, resolution and distance between the symbols should provide the same readability as
defined for the text.
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4.2.2 Environmental condition
4.2.2.1 Outdoor equipment
Equipment which is intended for outdoor operation shall be designed to operate under the following
conditions:
- temperature range from –25 °C to +50 °C;
- relative humidity from 10 % to 100 %;
- wind load up to 44 m/s (no active operation);
- snow load up to 1 000 N/m²;
- environmental brightness range from direct sunshine down to an average illuminance of at least
10 lx with a uniformity ratio (average to minimum) of not more than 4 to 1 measured at 2 m height;
- protection against dust and water according to IP54 as specified in EN 60529.
NOTE The selection of the cables and components shall consider that chemicals are used in the apron area (e.g. for the
aircraft de-icing process).
4.2.2.2 Indoor equipment
Equipment which is intended for permanent indoor installation shall be designed to operation under
the following conditions:
- temperature range from +5 °C to +40 °C;
- relative humidity from 10 % to 95 % without dewing;
- altitude from sea-level to 1 000 m.
4.2.2.3 Vibrations
Equipment which is intended to operate outdoor close to the aircraft stand shall be capable of
withstanding vibration and shall be tested in accordance with 5.1.1.7.
4.2.3 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
4.2.3.1 General
For the EMC requirements A-VDGS with all the components installed at the stand intended for the
use as an aircraft docking device on airports only will be seen as a fixed installation.
4.2.3.2 Emission
To ensure an acceptable level of emission, the A-VDGS shall fulfil the requirements according to
EN 61000-6-3 excluding the requirements for EN 61000-3-2/3-12 and EN 61000-3-3/3-11.
4.2.3.3 Immunity
To ensure a sufficient level of immunity, the A-VDGS shall fulfil the requirements according to
EN 61000-6-2.
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4.2.4 Input power supply
4.2.4.1 Input power specification
The input power supply specification shall meet the applicable requirements of HD 472. The input
power supply shall be provided with a local means of isolation in accordance with HD 60364. Where
necessary, overload protection devices shall be installed.
4.2.4.2 Input power availability
Any power loss shall not cause any misleading information on the A-VDGS.
After input power restoration the system shall start-up automatically in a safe mode.
4.2.4.3 Protection against overvoltage surges
All electrical appliances intended for outdoor installation shall provide an adequate protection against
damaging caused by overvoltage surges on the power supply or control cable.
4.3 Safety
4.3.1 General
The requirements stated in this section are intended to ensure the safety of persons, livestock and
property against the risk of danger and damage which may arise in the reasonable use of A-VDGS
installations. The requirements are, where necessary, explained in greater detail in other sections of
this European Standard.
NOTE In electrical installations, two major types of risk exist:
• shock currents due to normal or fault conditions;
• excessive temperatures likely to cause burns, fires and other injurious effects.
4.3.2 Functional safety
The general design of the A-VDGS has to consider that in the case of any internal failures the system
shall ensure that no misleading information is presented to the user.
The system shall provide adequate self-test routines which detect immediately faults which affect the
function of the A-VDGS.
All operational events and detected failures of at least the last docking procedure shall be stored on
a non-volatile log to allow analysis of the monitored mal function.
NOTE It should be considered that for a detailed investigation and system analysis to take place a log including a
number of completed docking procedures in the history may be required.
In case of a major failure the display shall immediately present stop information to the pilot. If, due to
the nature of an internal failure, a stop information can not be generated the display shall as a
fail-safe mode be switched to show a blank display.
Each major failure shall be indicated on the local control panel and on the remote control (if
applicable).
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4.3.3 Protection against electrical shock and burns
The design of the A-VDGS shall ensure that persons are protected against risks of injuries which
may arise from:
• contact with live parts of the installation (direct contact);
• contact with exposed-conductive-parts in case of a fault (indirect contact);
• the ignition of flammable materials due to high temperature or electric arc (thermal effects);
• damage due to excessive temperatures or electromechanical stresses caused by any overcurrents
likely to arise in live conductors (overcurrent);
• any harmful effects as a consequence of a fault between live parts of circuits supplied at different
voltages (overvoltage), or damage as a consequence of any excessive voltages likely to arise due
to other causes (e.g. atmospheric phenomena or switching overvoltages);
• excessive temperature in conductors, other than live conductors, and any other parts intended to
carry a fault current.
Conductive internal and external parts of the A-VDGS shall be earthed in accordance with HD 60364.
4.3.4 Protection against harmful radiation
Systems incorporating radiation producing components shall be designed so that humans are never
exposed to excessive radiation even when a system component fails or malfunctions.
If laser equipment is used, it shall be according to Class 1 defined in EN 60825-1. If other methods
using electromagnetic or other radiations are deployed, they shall fulfil a corresponding health and
safety level.
4.4 Installation and maintenance
4.4.1 General
Proper installation and periodical maintenance ensures that the components are in a condition so
that they allow operation of the A-VDGS so that the system meets the functional, design, installation,
technical interfacing and safety requirements.
4.4.2 Documentation
The procedures for installation and periodical maintenance (including levels and time intervals),
repairs, upgrades, modifications and re-calibrations shall be specified in the documentation provided
by the manufacturer.
4.4.3 Level of competency of the maintenance and installation personal
The installation and maintenance of the A-VDGS requires an adequate level of skilled personnel. The
required competence has to be defined in the manufacturer’s installation and maintenance
documentation.
4.5 Verification of equipment quality
All equipment manufactured under specifications shall pass the appropriate tests according to
Clause 5.
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