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STANDARD
First edition
1992-l 2-o 1
Tensile test for joints/seams by
Geotextiles -
wide-width method
G6otextiles - Essai de traction pour jointslcoutures par la m&ode de
la bande large
Reference number
IS0 10321:1992(E)
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IS0 10321:1992(E)
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work
of preparing international Standards is normally carried out through IS0
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
represented on that committee. International organizations, govern-
mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the
work. IS0 collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Inter-
national Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member
bodies casting a vote.
International Standard IS0 10321 was prepared by Technical Committee
ISO/TC 38, Textiles, Sub-Committee SC 21, Geotextiles.
0 IS0 1992
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without
permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organizati on for Standardization
Case Postale 56 l CH-1 21 1 Geneve 20 l Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland
ii
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 10321:1992(E)
Tensile test for joints/seams by wide-width
Geotextiles -
method
cation, the editions indicated were valid. All stan-
1 Scope
dards are subject to revision, and parties to
agreements based on this International Standard
This International Standard specifies an index test
are encouraged to investigate the possibility of ap-
method for determination of the tensile properties
plying the most recent editions of the standards in-
of joints and seams in geotextiles and related pro-
dicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain
ducts, using a wide-width strip. The method is ap-
registers of currently valid International Standards.
plicable to most geotextiles and geotextile-related
products. It is also applicable to geogrids, but the
IS0 554:1976, Standard atmospheres for conditioning
specimen dimensions may need to be altered.
and/or testing
- Specifications.
This method quantifies the tensile strength of a joint
IS0 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory use -
or seam between geotextiles or related products. It
Specification and test methods.
can provide data to indicate the joint or seam tensile
strength which can be achieved.
IS0 7500,13986, Metallic materials - Verification of
A joint or seam efficiency can be calculated by static uniaxial testing machines - Part I: Tensile
comparison of the joint/seam tensile strength with testing machines.
the tensile strength of the unjointed material as de-
termined by IS0 10319. IS0 9862:1990, Geotextiles - Sampling and prepara-
tion of test specimens.
Procedures for measuring the tensile properties of
both conditioned and wet specimens are included.
11,
IS0 10319:- Geo textiles - Wide-width tensile test.
Some modification of techniques may be necessary
for particular geotextiles, e.g. strong geotextiles,
meshes or geotextiles made from glass fibre, to 3 Definitions
prevent them from slipping in the jaws or being
damaged as a result of being gripped in the jaws. For the purposes of this International Standard, the
following definitions apply.
The basic test for joints or seams in all kinds of
geotextiles or related products uses test specimens
3.1 seam: Series of stitches joining two or more
of 200 mm width, with the provision for the seam or
separate pieces of a material or materials of planar
joint to extend for 25 mm on each side in order to
structure, e.g. geotextiles or related products.
provide joint or seam stability during the test (see
figure 2).
3.2 joint: The junction at which two or more separ-
ate pieces of a geotextile or related product are
joined by a method other than stitching.
2 Normative references 3.3 joint/seam strength (for geotextiles and related
products): The maximum tensile resistance, meas-
ured in kilonewtons per metre, of the junction
The following standards contain provisions which,
formed by stitching or joining two or more planar
through reference in this text, constitute provisions
structures.
of this International Standard. At the time of publi-
1) To be published.
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IS0 10321:1992(E)
seam or joint located along the centre-line of the
3.4 joint/seam efficiency: The ratio, expressed as
specimen, perpendicular to the direction of the ap-
a percentage, of joint/seam strength to the
geotextile strength evaluated in the same direction. plied load.
Cut each specimen, as shown in figure2, to achieve
a final specimen width of 200 mm. When removing
4 Principle
the shaded area from a specimen, as shown in fig-
ure2, the angles between the 25-mm extensions,
A geotextile specimen, 200 mm wide and containing
which are parallel to the seam or joint, and that
a joint/seam, is gripped across its entire width in the
section of the specimen having a finished width of
clamps of a tensile testing machine, operated at a
200 mm shall be 90”.
prescribed rate of extension, and subjected to a
longitudinal force (perpendicular to the seam axis)
until the joint/seam of the geotextile or related
6.3.2 For woven geotextiles (see IS0 10319), make
product ruptures.
25-mm-long cuts at a distance of 25 mm plus b/2
from the centre-line of the specimen, to facilitate the
removal of the edge yarns in attaining the nominal
5 Apparatus and materials
width of 200 mm.
5.1 Tensile testing machine, constant rate of ex-
6.3.3 For geogrids, prepare jointed specimens at
tension type, complying with IS0 7500-1, in which
least 200 mm wide and sufficiently long to ensure a
the rate of increase of specimen length is uniform
clamp separation of at least 100 mm plus the joint
with time.
width, measured to + 3 mm. The jointed test speci-
men shall contain at least five tensile elements
5.2 Jaws, which are sufficiently wide to hold the
within the width of the test specimen and at least
entire width of the specimen and with appropriate
one row of nodes or cross-members on either side
means to limit slippage or damage. Each jaw shall
of the joint, excluding those by which the test speci-
measuring at least the width of the
have faces
men is held in the jaws or from which the joint is to
specimen, i.e. 200 mm.
be made. Cut all ribs or cross-members at least
IO mm from any node (see figure4).
NOTE 1 It is stressed that it is essential to choose jaw
faces that limit slippage of the geotextile that may occur,
The cross-members, from which the joint is to be
especially for stronger geotextiles. Examples of types of
made, shall be extended, by at least one pitch be-
jaw face, which have been found satisfactory, are given
in figure 1. yond the tensile elements to be tested, on both sides
of the specimen, in order to facilitate the formation
of the joint.
5.3 Water (for wet specimens only), purity grade 3
as defined in IS0 3696.
6.3.4 For knitted geotextiles, geocomposites or
5.4 Non-ionic wetting agent (for wet specimens
others in which preparing the specimen by cutting
only).
with a knife or scissors may affect the geotextile
structure, thermal cutting can be used, taking care
to avoid damaging the specimen during the cutting
6 Test specimens
operation, particularly at the point labelled “A”
in figure2. This shall be reported in the test report
6.1 Number of test specimens [clause 10, b)].
Cut at least five test specimens, each of which in-
cludes the seam or joint. 6.3.5 If wet testing is also required, cut a
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