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STANDARD 23016-4
First edition
Fine bubble technology — Agricultural
applications —
Part 4:
Test method for evaluating the
number concentration of ultrafine
bubbles (UFB) achieving the
promotion of barley seed germination
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Reference number
ISO 23016-4:2023(E)
© ISO 2023
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ISO 23016-4:2023(E)
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© ISO 2023
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Published in Switzerland
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PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO 23016-4:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Requirements for UFB water used . 1
5 Basic characteristics of UFB water relevant to promotion of barley seed
[1]
germination . 2
[1]
6 Assessment of the adequacy of UFB number concentration . 3
6.1 General . 3
6.2 Case 1: UFB1 water results in greater promotion effect than UFB2 water . 3
6.3 Case 2: UFB1 and UFB2 waters result in similar promotion effect . 5
6.4 Case 3: UFB1 water results in suppression of germination comparing to UFB2
water . 7
7 Test report . 9
Annex A (informative) Example of measured data of UFB’s promotion effect on another
variety of barley seed (Ichibanboshi) than that of ‘Yumesakiboshi’ .10
Annex B (informative) Attributes (storage duration and storage temperature) of seeds
that can affect the degree of seed germination .11
Bibliography .12
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© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE
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ISO 23016-4:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees.
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