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International
Standard
ISO/IEC 27554
First edition
Information security, cybersecurity
2024-07
and privacy protection —
Application of ISO 31000 for
assessment of identity-related risk
Reference number
© ISO/IEC 2024
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© ISO/IEC 2024 – All rights reserved
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principles . 3
5 Framework . 3
5.1 General .3
5.2 Leadership and commitment .3
5.3 Integration.3
5.4 Design .4
5.5 Implementation . .4
5.6 Evaluation .4
5.7 Improvement .4
6 Process . . 4
6.1 General .4
6.2 Communication and consultation.4
6.3 Scope, context and criteria .4
6.4 Risk assessment .4
6.5 Risk treatment .5
6.6 Monitoring and review .5
6.7 Recording and reporting .5
7 Identity-related context establishment . 5
7.1 General .5
7.2 Actors .5
7.2.1 Subscribers/Actors .5
7.2.2 Administrators.5
7.3 Types of personal data .5
7.4 Policies and regulations .5
7.5 Service and transaction scope .5
8 Identity-related risk assessment . 6
9 Identity-related risk identification . 6
10 Identity-related risk analysis . 7
10.1 General .7
10.2 Affected parties .7
10.3 Identity theft or fabrication .7
10.4 Categories of consequences of identity-related risk .8
10.5 Risk impact assessment . .8
11 Identity-related risk evaluation . 9
12 Identity-related risk treatment . 9
Annex A (informative) Standards related to identity-management risk assessment .10
Annex B (informative) Risk impact assessment.13
Bibliography .18
© ISO/IEC 2024 – All rights reserved
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity.
ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/
IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives or /members_experts/refdocs).
ISO and IEC draw attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the
use of (a) patent(s). ISO and IEC take no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any
claimed patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO and IEC had not
received notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers
are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent
database available at www.iso.org/patents and https://patents.iec.ch. ISO and IEC shall not be held
responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
In the IEC, see /understanding-standards.
This document was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 27, Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards
body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html and
/national-committees.
© ISO/IEC 2024 – All rights reserved
iv
Introduction
ISO 31000 provides guidelines and a methodology for assessing risk. The additional guidance provided in
this document supports the use of ISO 31000:2018 in the field of identity management, in particular for
the risk management for identities. This document elaborates on the steps in the methodology provided
in ISO 31000, demonstrating how to apply them to the assessment of identity-related risk. Therefore,
this document is an application of ISO 31000 for the assessment of identity-related risk. This document is
intended to be used in connection with ISO 31000:2018.
While the contexts in which identities are established differ between implementations, there are some
elements that are consistent. This document presents those elements where they have been identified.
This document is intended to help organizations establishing and using identities to understand the risks
posed by these identities, in order to determine what is needed to mitigate these risks. The manner in which
this is done enables the output of the assessment process to be used as an input into processes which are
described in other identity management standards, where a risk-based approach is specified for determining
levels of assurance.
© ISO/IEC 2024 – All rights reserved
v
International Standard ISO/IEC 27554:2024(en)
Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection —
Application of ISO 31000 for assessment of identity-related risk
1 Scope
This document provides guidelines for identity-related risk, as an extension of ISO 31000:2018. More
specifically, it uses the process outlined in ISO 31000 to guide users in establishing context and assessing
risk, including providing risk scenarios for processes and implementations that are expo
...