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UDC 668.5 Ref. No.: ISO/R 2ï2- 1961 (E)
IS0
I NTE R N AT1 O N A L ORGAN I Z AT1 O N FOR STAN DARD I ZATl O N
IS0 RECOMMENDATION
R 212
ESSENTIAL OILS
SAMPLING
1 çt ED IT I ON
September 1961
COPYRIGHT RESERVED
The copyright of IS0 Recommendations and IS0 Standards
belongs to IS0 Member Bodies. Reproduction of these
documents, in any country, may be authorized therefore only
by the national standards organization of that country, being
a member of ISO.
For each individual country the only valid standard is the national standard of that country.
Printed in Switzerland
Also issued in French and Russian. Copies to be obtained through the national standards organizations.
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BRIEF HISTORY
The IS0 Recommendation R 212, Essential Oils. Sampling, was drawn up by Technical
Committee ISO/TC 54, Essential Oils, the Secretariat of which is held by the Repartiçao de
Normalizaçao (IGPAI).
Work on this question by the Technical Committee began in 1952 and led in 1953 to
the adoption of a first Draft IS0 Recommendation.
This first Draft IS0 Recommendation (No. 56) was circulated to all the IS0 Member
Bodies for enquiry. As the results of this consultation were not considered satisfactory,
the Technical Committee presented a second Draft IS0 Recommendation, which was circulated
to all the Member Bodies in July 1959 and which was approved, subject to a few modifications
of an editorial nature, by the following Member Bodies:
Australia Israel Portugal
Belgium Italy Romania
Burma Japan Sweden
Chile Mexico Turkey
Czechoslovakia Netherlands United Kingdom
New Zealand U.S.S.R.
Germ an y
India Poland Yugoslavia
One Member Body opposed the approval of the Draft:
France.
The Draft IS0 Recommendation was then submitted by correspondence to the IS0
Council, which decided, in September 1961, to accept it as an IS0 RECOMMEND4TION.
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I
lSO/R 212 - I961 (E)
IS0 Recommendation R 212 September 1961
ESSENTIAL OILS
SAMPLING
1. PURPOSE
Samples are drawn for the purpose of determining the organoleptic, physical and chemical char-
acteristics of consignments of essential oils.
This IS0 Recommendation lays down general guidance for the sampling of essential oils.
2. DEFINITION
By sampling a consignment of an essential oil is meant collecting a small portion (called the
sample) representative of the properties and composition of the consignment of the sampled
essential oil.
3. METHOD
The difficulties encountered in sampling are often considerable and depend upon such factors
as the number and capacity of the containers, the physical state of the substance, the presence of
solid natural constituents and separated impurities.
In order to obtain a representative sample, the procedure may have to be varied considerably.
Sampling should consequently be entrusted to experienced personnel able to cope with unfore-
seen circumstances.
Samples should be packed in hermetically stoppered glass containers. In order to comply
with international agreements on the carriage of dangerous products, the head space should be
between 5 per cent and 10 per cent of the volume of the container, depending on the method of
transport adopted.
It is recommended that all samples be transported with special care, that they be kept in a cool
place and protected from light and from excessive variations of temperature.
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lSO/R 212 - 1961 (E)
4. IMPLEMENTS
All implements intended for the preparation of samples should be washed and dried before use
and be, if possible, of standard types.
The implements should be made of a material that is not attacked by the essential oil to be sampled.
Examples of suitable implements are:
4.1 Implements for liquid essential oils
4.1.1 Agitators
4.1.2 Syringes
4.1.3 Thiefs
4.1.4 Core samplers
4.1.5 Zone samplers
4.1.6 Cocks
4.1.7 Pumps
4.1.8 Siphons
4.2 Implements for solid or pasty essential oils
4.2.1 Spatulas
4.2.2 Triers
4.23 Half-round triers
4.3 Containers for samples
Glass containers should be used, protected from breakage and light. These containers
should be of such capacity that they may be filled as described in section 3. They should be
hermetically sealed with a cork suitably protected, if necessary, by tinfoil or by parchment.
For pasty or solid substances, the containers should have wide necks.
5. PROCEDURE
5.1 Inspection
The first operation of the sampling procedure is inspection of the consignment.
The physical consistency of essential oils can be one of the following:
liquid (occurring most frequently),
solid,
a mixture of liquid and solid,
pasty.
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ISO/R 212 - 1961 (E)
I
It is desirable, where possible, to ascertain whether the material in each of the containers
of the consignment is uniform in appearance and, in the case of a liquid, whether any or
When, owing
all of the consignments contain separated solids, water or other impurities.
to the nature of the container, this cannot be done directly, portions of the material should
be withdrawn by means of an appropriate implement (see clause 4.1), so that specimens
from the surface and from the bottom can be examined. If the container has a cock or
bung-hole at the bottom. specimens from the lower part may be withdrawn through this.
5.2 Homoge
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