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UDC 6ü2.6
IS0
I NT ERN AT 10 NA L ORGANIZATION FOR STAND AR D 12 AT I O N
IS0 R ECOM MEN DATI O N
R 348
DETERMINATION OF MOISTURE
IN THE ANALYSIS SAMPLE OF COAL
BY THE DIRECT VOLUMETRIC METHOD
1st EDITION
December 1963
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The copyright of IS0 Recommendations and IS0 Standards
belongs to IS0 Member Bodies. Reproduction of these
documents, in any country, may be authorized therefore only
by the national standards organization of that country, being
a member of ISO.
For each individual country the only valid standard is the national standard of that country.
Printed in Switzerland
Also issued in French and Russian. Copies to be obtained through the national standards organizations.
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Ref. No. : lSO/R 348-1963/Al-1971 (E)
UDC 662.6
Amendment 1 - November 1971 - to IS0 Recommendation R 348-1963
Amendment 1
to IS0 Recommendation R 348-1963
DETERMINATION OF MOlSTU R E
IN THE ANALYSIS SAMPLE OF COAL
BY THE DIRECT VOLUMETRIC METHOD
Section 2, PRINCIPLE
Delete “or xylene” in the lst, 2nd and 4tn lines.
Delete the 2nd paragraph.
Section 3, APPARATUS
Delete “or xylene” in the 4th line of clause 3.3.
Section 4. REAGENTS
Replace “, or” in the 2nd line by a full stop.
Delete the 3rd line (4.2).
Delete “either” and “or xylene” in the 1st line of the Note
Section 5, PROCEDURE
Delete “or of the xylene (4.2)” in the 2nd line of the 2nd paragraph.
Delete “employed” in the 3rd line of the 3rd paragraph.
Section 6, CALCULATION AND EXPRESSION OF RESULTS
Replace “The entraining . . . stated” by “The condition of saturation of the entraining reagent should be stated”.
BRIEF HISTORY
Amendment 1 to IS0 Recommendation R 348-1963, Determitiation of moisture in the analysis sample of coal by the
direct volumetric method, was drawn up by Technical Committee ISO/TC 27, Solid mineral fuels, the Secretariat
of which is held by the British Standards Institution (BSI).
Draft IS0 Recommendation No. 1931 was drawn up on this subject, and was circulated to all the IS0 Member Bodies
for enquiry in April 1970. It was approved, subject to a few modifications of an editorial nature, by the following
--
Member Bodies :
Australia India Switzerland
Belgium Iran Thailand
Korea, Rep. of
Canada Turkey
Netherlands U.A.R.
Chile
Czechoslovakiû New Zealand
United Kingdom
Denmark Poland U.S.A.
France Portugal U.S.S.R.
Germany South Africa, Rep. of Yugoslavia
Sweden
Greece
The following Member Body opposed the approval of the Draft :
Italy
This Draft IS0 Recommendation was then submitted by correspondence to the IS0 Council, which decided to
accept it as AMENDMENT 1 to IS0 Recommendation R 348-1963.
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BRIEF HISTORY
The IS0 Recommendation R 348, Determination of Moisture in the Analysis Sample
of Coal by the Direct Volumetric Method, was drawn up by Technical Committee TSO/TC 27,
Solid Mineral Fuels, the Secretariat of which is held by the British Standards Institution
(B.S.I.).
Work on this question by the Technical Committee began in 1950 and led, in 1957,
to the adoption of a Draft IS0 Recommendation.
In February 1958, this Draft IS0 Recommendation (No. 212) was circulated to all the
IS0 Member Bodies for enquiry. It was approved, subject to a few modifications of an
editorial nature, by the following Member Bodies :
Austria Germany Romania
Bulgaria India Spain
Burma Italy Turkey
Chile Japan United Kingdom
Czechoslovakia Mexico U.S.S.R.
Denmark Poland Yugoslavia
France Portugal
Six Member Bodies opposed the approval of the Draft:
Belgium, Canada, Netherlands,
New Zealand, Republic of South Africa, U.S.A.
.-
The Draft IS0 Recommendation was then submitted by correspondence to the IS0
Council, which decided, in December 1963, to accept it as an IS0 RECOMMENDATION.
-3-
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E
IS0 / R 348 - 1963 (E)
IS0 Recommendation R 348 Decem ber 1963
DETERMINATION OF MOISTURE
IN THE ANALYSIS SAMPLE OF COAL
BY THE DIRECT VOLUMETRIC METHOD
1. INTRODUCTION
Two direct methods are available for the determination of moisture in the analysis sample of
coal, namely
(1) a gravimetric method,* in which the moisture is determined in an atmosphere of nitrogen,
and
(2) a volumetric method, in which the moisture is determined by distillation.
This IS0 Recommendation describes the direct volumetric method.
Since coal is hygroscopic, its moisture will vary with change of humidity of the atmosphere,
and the moisture in the analysis sample is, therefore, determined whenever portions are weighed
out for other analytical determinations, e.g. volatile matter, calorific value, carbon and hydro-
gen, etc. If all the portions taken for analysis are weighed out on the same day and at about
the same time, and if the analyses are proceeded with without delay, one determination of
moisture will suffice.
2. PRINCIPLE
Coal is heated under reflux conditions with boiling toluene or xylene. The moisture from the coal
is entrained by the toluene or xylene vapour and carried to a condenser fitted with a graduated
receiver. The water then separates in the receiver, to form the lower layer, whilst the excess
toluene or xylene is returned to the distillation flask by means of an overflow. The moisture in
the coal is calculated from the mass of the sample and the amount of water collected.
The results obtained using toluene and xylene may not be identical for all coals, but any dif-
ferences should be within the tolerances of the method (see se
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