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IS0
I N T E RN AT I O N A L O R G A N I Z AT 1 ON FOR STAND AR D I ZATl O N
IS0 RECO M M EN DATIO N
R 690
BI B L I OG RAPH I CAL RE FE R ENCES
ESSENTIAL AND SUPPLEMENTARY ELEMENTS
1 st E DIT I ON
March 1968
COPYRIGHT RESERVED
The copyright of IS0 Recommendations and IS0 Standards
belongs to IS0 Member Bodies. Reproduction of these
documents, in any country, may be authorized therefore only
by the national standards organization of that country, being
a member of ISO.
For each individual country the only valid standard is the national standard of that country.
Printed in Swiîzcrland
Also issued in French and Russian. Copies to be obtained through the national standards organizations.
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BRIEF HISTORY
The IS0 Recommendation R 690, Bibliographical references - Essential and supplementary
elements, was drawn up by Technical Committee ISO/TC 46, Documentation, the Secretariat of
which is held by the Deutscher Normenausschuss (DNA).
Work on this question by the Technical Committee began in 1951 and led, in 1962, to the
adoption of a Draft IS0 Recommendation.
In June 1964, this Draft IS0 Recommendation (No. 722) was circulated to all the IS0 Member
Bodies for enquiry. It was approved, subject to a few modifications of an editorial nature, by the
following Member Bodies :
Australia Greece Norway
Poland
Belgium Hungary
Brazil India Portugal
Canada Ireland Romania
Chile Israel Spain
Colombia Italy Sweden
Czechoslovakia Japan United Kingdom
U.S.S.R.
Denmark Korea, Rep. of
France Netherlands Yugoslavia
Germany New Zealand
No Member Body opposed the approval of the Draft.
The Draft IS0 Recommendation was then submitted by correspondence to the IS0 Council
which decided, in March 1968, to accept it as an IS0 RECOMMENDATION.
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ISO/R 690-1968 (E
IS0 Recommendation R 690 March 1968
BIB LlOG RAPH ICAL REFER ENCES
ESSENTIAL AND SUPPLEMENTARY ELEMENTS
1. SCOPE
A bibliographical reference is a set of data sufficiently precise and detailed to enable a publication or
part of a publication to be identified.
In addition to the elements essential for identification (already published in IS0 Recommendation
R 77-1 958, Bibliographical references - Essential elements), this IS0 Recommendation includes,
in clauses 3.1 to 3.3, supplementary items which may be added to indicate the character, scope,
authority or availability of the work referred to.
Order of items is deait with in section 4, while the remaining sections, 5 to 10, contain detailed
recommendations on the individual elements and the presentation of a bibliographical reference.
The numbers listed in section 3 relate to the explanatory notes given in subsequent sections.
2. FORMS OF REFERENCE
A bibliographical reference may be any one of the following :
part of a bibliographical list, either descriptive or analytical;
(U)
the heading of an abstract or of a critical review;
(b)
a note appended to a text (either at the foot of a page or at the end of the text);
(c)
partly embodied in a text, partly in a note;
(d)
wholly embodied in a text.
(e)
3. REFERENCE DETAILS
Elements commonly included in a “full” reference are listed below in their preferred order (see
section 4), with the essential elements in italics.
These elements should be taken,whenever possible,from the title page and, if reference is made to a
contribution, from the heading to this and not from any index or other place in the publication (but
see clauses 7.1.1 and 7.2.1). When it is thought useful, elements may be transliterated (see section 9).
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ISO/R 690-1968 (E)
3.1 Reference to a book or other separately issued publication
(a) Reference to lbl Reference to Relevant
notes in
the publication a particular page
sections
as a whole or portion*
5 to 9
5
Name(s) of authorls), Name(s) of author(s),
with forename(s)
with forename(s)
Other secondary element(s) Other secondary element(s)
Title of the publication Title of the publication 5.1.2, 6
6.2
Translation of the title Translation of the title
Edition number, (or other Edition number, (or other
specification of the edition) specification of the edition)
Volume number (in multi-
volume publications)
Place(s) of publication 7.1.1
Placels) of publication
7.1.2
Publisher(s) Publisher(s)
7.1.3
Year(s) of publication Year(s) of publication 7.2.1
Number of volumes (in multi-
volume publications)
Size (height at least) 7.3
Pagination (total number of
7.4
pages)
*
References to passages in literary works, or to certain texts such as laws, may be made in terms of the formal
divisions of the text, which may replace any or all of the items after the title in this column 3.1 (b).
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ISO/R 690-1968 (E
(a) Reference to (b) Reference to Relevant
notes in
the publication a particular page
sections
as a whole or portion*
5 to 9
Mention of any
~ illustrations, plates,etc. 7.5
~ bibliography 7.5
~ summary in another language 7.5
Title of collection or series, and the Title of collection or series, and the
number of the publication in the number of the publication in the
series series
Price
Specific page, or first and last pages
(or other clear identification, e.g.
section number) of the portion
to
referred
EXAMPLES
ESDAILE, Arucdell. A Student’s ESDAILE, Arundell. A Student’s
Manual of Bibliography, 2nd. ed. Manual of Bibliography, 2nd. ed.
London, Allen & Unwin and Library London, Allen & Unwin and Library
Association, 1932. 20 cm, 383 p., Association, 1932. (Library Assn.,
ill. (Library Assn., Series of Library
Series of Library Manuals, No. I)
Manuals No. l), 12s 6d.
pp. 178-196.
Abridged Abridged
ESDAILE, Arundell. A Student’s ESDAILE, Arundell. A Student’s
Manual of Bibliography, 2nd. ed. Manual of Bibliography, 2nd. ed.
London, 1932. London, 1932, pp. 178-196.
SSSR.KOMITET STANDARIOV . SSSR. KOMITET STANDARTOV . 6.1.1
PRI SOVETE MINISTROV SSSR. PRI SOVETE MINISTROV SSSR.
Ukazatel’ gosudarstvennyh standar- Ukazatel’ gosudarstvennyh standar-
tov. Moskva Standart GIZ, 1958, tov. Moskva, 1958, str. 347.
520 str.
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ISO/R 690-1968 (E)
Reference to a periodical or other serial publication
3.2
fa) Reference to the (b) Reference to Reievan t
notes in
periodical (or serial) a limited run
sections
as a whole or specific issue
5 to 9
Title of the periodical or serial 6
Title of the periodical or senal
Translation of the title.
Frequency of publication Frequency of publication
(weekly, monthly, quarterly, (weekly, monthly, quarterly,
irregular, etc.)* irregular, etc.)*
Place(s) of publication Place of publication i.l.1
Publisher(s) i.e. sponsoring body (if 7.1.2
not in the title) and/or publisher (if 7.1.3
not the same)
Number(s) and date(s) of first and 7.2.2
Number and date (year) of first
volume and, if publication has last volumes or issues of the run, 1.2.3
ceased, of last volume or issue or of the specific issue, referred
published to
7.3
Size (height at least)
7.5
Mention of summaries in other Mention of summaries in other
languages (if a regular feature) languages
If added by the bibliographer, the frequency should follow the indication of number and date.
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ISO/R 690-1968 (E
Relevant
(a) Reference to the (b) Reference to
notes in
periodical (or serial) a limited run
sections
as a whole or specific issue
5 to 9
Price (per year, volume or
issue) Price
7.6.2
Earlier title(s), if necessary
EXAMPLES
HOME ECONOMICS AND DOMES-
HOME ECONOMICS AND DOMES-
TIC SUBJECTS REVIEW, TIC SUBJECTS REVIEW,
London, vol. 4, No. 3, March 1958,
London : Forbes Publications, Ltd.
1s 6d.
1956 (I>-- Monthly Is 6d per
issue.
Abridged
Abridged
HOME ECONOMICS, London,
HOME ECONOMICS, London,
1958, March.
1956 (I)---
BOLETIM DE NORMALIZAÇAO. BOLETIM DE NORMALIZAÇAO.
Mensal. Lisboa : Inspecçgo-geral Mensal. Lisboa : InspecçZo-geral
dos produtos agricolas e industriais. dos produtos agricolas e industriais,
Vol. I---, 1952(Jan.) --- (1950-51 Anos 1-2. 1952-53.
Gazeta de Normalizaçgo.)
Abridged Abridged
BOLETIM DE NORMALIZAÇAO,
BOLETIM DE NORMALIZAÇAO,
Lisboa, Vol. 1-2, 1952-53.
Lisboa, 1952---
Nordisk Astronomisk Tidssknft
(Scandinavian Astronomical Jour-
nal) Kgbenhavn, Munksgaard,
Vol. 1-3, 1916-1919.
New Series, Vol. I--- 1920---
Quarterly, Dan. Kr. 15 per annum.
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ISO/R 690-1968 (E)
3.3 Reference to a contribution or an article
(a) Reference to a contribution Relevant
(b) Reference to an article or
notes in
in a book or other contribution in
sections
separately issued a periodical or
5 to 9
publication serial publication
Elements referring to the contribution itself*
Name(s) of authorfs), with fore- Namefs) of author(s) with fore- 5
name(s) name(s)
Other secondary element(s) Other secondary element(s)
Title of contribution Title of contribution 6
6.2
Translation of title Translation of title
Mention of any Mention of any
7.5
- illustrations, plates, etc. - illustrations, plates, etc.
- bibliography - bibliography
~ summary in another language - summary in another language
Elements referring to the publication containing the contribution
Title of main publication, preceded Title of periodical or serial public- 5&6
when necessary, by namefs) of ation
author(s), editorls) or compil-
4s)
6.2
Translation of title
Edition number or other specific-
cation of the edition
Volume number (or equivalent)
7.1.1
Place(s) of publication Place(s) of publication
Publisher(s) 7.1.2
7.1.3
*
See footnote to clause 3.1 (b) for reference to passages in literary works, etc.
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ISO/R 690-1968 (E)
(a) Reference to a contribution Relevant
(b) Reference to an article or
notes in
in a book or other contribution in
sections
separately issued a periodical or
5 to 9
publication serial publication
7.2.1
Yearfs) of publication
Volume number (or year)* 7.2.3
Issue number*
Date of the issue**
Title of collection or series and the
number of the publication in the
series
Specific page or first and last pages Specific page or first and last pages
(or other clear identification, e.g. of article or portion referred to
section number) of the portion
referred to
EXAMPLES
CHAMRATH, G.C. Die Rechte der BUKOWSKI, St., Zasady systemu
Schaüplatte und des Tonbandes. wymiarowego w budownictwie
(Résumé en fr.) In : Congrès int. przemysiowym (Koordynacja
des Bibliothèques et des Centres modulama).Normalizacja, 27 (2),
de Docum.(Bruxelles,sept. 1955). luty 1959 : 54-56.
Vol. II B. La Haye, Nijhoff, 1955,
pp. 15-24.
RAMSBOTTOM, John.Fungi patho- GODFREY, G. Bernard. Joints in
genic to man. In : Medical tubular structures. Struct. Engng,
Reseach Council - A system of 37 (4) Ap. '59 : 126135.
bacteriology in relation to medi-
cine, vol. 8. London, H.M. Stat-
ionery Office, 1931, pp. 11-70.
Abridged
RAMSBOTTOM,John. Fungi pathe
genic to man. In : Med. Res. Coun-
cil - A system of bacteriology in
relation to medicine, vol. 8, London,
1931, 11-70,
*
See footnote to clause 3.1 (b) for reference to passages in literary work, etc.
** See clause 4.1 for permissible variation of the order of these items.
~
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ISO/R 690-1968 (1
I
I
4. ORDER OF ITEMS
4.1 The elements constituting the reference are given in the order shown in the lists in section 3,
except for clause 3.3 (b), in respect of which a different order of the three items is possible (see
clause 7.2.3).
4.2 When a reference embodied in a text forms part of a sentence, no order can be prescribed, but
it is desirable that the order adopted in the lists in section 3 should be followed as closely as
possible.
Example ". . . on peut se reporter aux Causeries du lundi de Charles A. Sainte-Beuve, dont
la troisième édition, tome 1, a paru à Paris en 1857 . . ."
5. AUTHORS
5.1 Individual authors*
5.1.1 When there are two authors, the names of both are given.
Examples MURET, Pierre et SAGNAC Philippe
ROMANO, Enrico & PAGLIUCA Georgio
When there are more than two authors, the names of all the authors may be given, or the
name of the first author only followed by et alii or et al.
HARKINS, William G., et alii
Example
(for Harkins, Thompson, Tenkins & Stevenson)
5.1.2 When a book (as distinct from a contribution or an article) has more than three authors, the
title may be the first element in the reference; the names of the authors, or the name of the
first author followed by et alii or et al., should then b
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