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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM);
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS);
LTE;
Service requirements
for Machine-Type Communications (MTC);
Stage 1
(3GPP TS 22.368 version 14.0.0 Release 14)
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3GPP TS 22.368 version 14.0.0 Release 14 1 ETSI TS 122 368 V14.0.0 (2017-03)
Reference
RTS/TSGS-0122368ve00
Keywords
GSM,LTE,UMTS
ETSI
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ETSI
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3GPP TS 22.368 version 14.0.0 Release 14 2 ETSI TS 122 368 V14.0.0 (2017-03)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
The present document may refer to technical specifications or reports using their 3GPP identities, UMTS identities or
GSM identities. These should be interpreted as being references to the corresponding ETSI deliverables.
The cross reference between GSM, UMTS, 3GPP and ETSI identities can be found under
.
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and
"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
ETSI
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3GPP TS 22.368 version 14.0.0 Release 14 3 ETSI TS 122 368 V14.0.0 (2017-03)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 2
Foreword . 2
Modal verbs terminology . 2
Foreword . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 References . 5
3 Definitions and abbreviations . 5
3.1 Definitions . 5
3.2 Abbreviations . 6
4 Overview of system optimizations for machine-type communications . 7
5 MTC communication aspects . 8
5.1 MTC communication scenarios . 8
5.1.1 Introduction. 8
5.1.2 MTC devices communicating with one or more MTC servers . 8
5.1.3 MTC devices communicating with each other. 9
5.2 (void) . 9
6 Categories of features for Machine-Type Communications. 10
7 Service requirements . 11
7.1 Common service requirements . 11
7.1.1 General . 11
7.1.2 MTC Device triggering . 12
7.1.3 Addressing . 12
7.1.4 Identifiers . 13
7.1.5 Charging requirements . 14
7.1.6 Security requirements . 14
7.1.7 Remote MTC device management . 14
7.2. Specific service requirements – MTC Features . 14
7.2.1 Low Mobility . 14
7.2.2 Time Controlled . 14
7.2.3 Void . 15
7.2.4 Void . 15
7.2.5 Small Data Transmissions . 15
7.2.6 Void . 16
7.2.7 Infrequent Mobile Terminated . 16
7.2.8 MTC Monitoring . 16
7.2.9 Void . 17
7.2.10 Secure Connection . 17
7.2.11 Void . 17
7.2.12 Void . 17
7.2.13 Void . 17
7.2.14 Group Based MTC Features . 17
7.2.14.1 General . 17
7.2.14.2 Group Based Policing . 17
7.2.14.3 Group Based Addressing . 17
Annex A (informative): Use cases . 19
Annex B (informative): Examples of MTC applications. 23
Annex C (informative): Change history . 24
History . 27
ETSI
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3GPP TS 22.368 version 14.0.0 Release 14 4 ETSI TS 122 368 V14.0.0 (2017-03)
Foreword
This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal
TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an
identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows:
Version x.y.z
where:
x the first digit:
1 presented to TSG for information;
2 presented to TSG for approval;
3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control.
y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections,
updates, etc.
z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document.
ETSI
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3GPP TS 22.368 version 14.0.0 Release 14 5 ETSI TS 122 368 V14.0.0 (2017-03)
1 Scope
The present document specifies the service requirements for Network Improvements for Machine Type
Communications. In particular it will:
- identify and specify general requirements for machine type communications;
- identify service aspects where network improvements (compared to the current human-to-human oriented
services) are needed to cater for the specific nature of machine-type communications;
- specify machine type communication requirements for these service aspects where network improvements are
needed for machine type communication.
2 References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present
document.
• References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including
a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same
Release as the present document.
[1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications".
[2] 3GPP TS 22.011: " Service accessibility".
[3] 3GPP TS 23.682: "Architecture enhancements to facilitate communications with packet data
networks and applications".
[4] ETSI TS 102 690: "Machine-to-Machine communications (M2M); functional architecture".
[5] ETSI TS 102 921: " Machine-to-Machine communications (M2M); mla, dla, and mld interfaces".
3 Definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply.
A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [1].
MTC Device: A MTC Device is a UE equipped for Machine Type Communication, which communicates through a
PLMN with MTC Server(s) and/or other MTC Device(s).
Note 1: A MTC Device might also communicate locally (wirelessly, possibly through a Personal Area Network,
or hardwired) with other entities which provide the MTC Device "raw data" for processing and
communication to the MTC Server(s) and/or other MTC Device(s). Local communication between MTC
Device(s) and other entities is out of scope of the present document.
MTC Feature: MTC Features are network functions to optimize the network for use by M2M applications.
MTC Group: A MTC Group is a group of MTC Devices that share one or more MTC Features and that belong to the
same MTC Subscriber.
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3GPP TS 22.368 version 14.0.0 Release 14 6 ETSI TS 122 368 V14.0.0 (2017-03)
MTC Server: A MTC Server is a server, which communicates to the PLMN itself, and to MTC Devices through the
PLMN. The MTC Server can also have an interface which can be accessed by the MTC User. The MTC Server can:
- Provide services for other servers (e.g. The MTC Server is a Services Capability Server 3GPP TS 23.682 [3] for
an Application Server [3]), and/or
- Provide services for applications and can host the application (e.g. The MTC Server is an Application Server
[3]).
MTC User: A MTC User uses the service provided by the MTC Server.
MTC Subscriber: A MTC Subscriber is a legal entity having a contractual relationship with the network operator to
provide service to one or more MTC Devices.
Note 2: Typically a M2M service provider is the party holding subscriptions in order to provide connectivity
between MTC Devices and the MTC Server. In practise certain roles can collapse, e.g. the network
operator acts as the same time as service provider.
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply.
An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any,
in TR 21.905 [1].
NIMTC Network Improvements for Machine Type Communications
MNO Mobile Network Operator
MTC Machine-Type Communications
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3GPP TS 22.368 version 14.0.0 Release 14 7 ETSI TS 122 368 V14.0.0 (2017-03)
4 Overview of system optimizations for machine-type
communications
Machine-type communication is a form of data communication which involves one or more entities that do not
necessarily need human interaction.
A service optimized for machine type communications differs from a service optimized for Human to Human
communications. Machine-type communications is different to current mobile network communication services as it
involves:
a) different market scenarios,
b) data communications,
c) lower costs and effort,
d) a potentially very large number of communicating terminals with,
e) to a large extent, little traffic per terminal.
For the purpose of the present document, the term MTC is used for the purpose to describe use-cases and illustrate the
diverse characteristics of machine-type communication services.
The informative annex A gives an overview of MTC use-cases which also illustrate different overload scenarios which
will require overload control functions to prevent overload and to differentiate between services offered to different
subscribers with different service requirements. In particular, certain MTC services and MTC applications, as
exemplified in annex B, are more tolerant and can accept a lower level of performance requirements for its
communication services. However, some MTC services will have similar service requirements as current mobile
network communication services.
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3GPP TS 22.368 version 14.0.0 Release 14 8 ETSI TS 122 368 V14.0.0 (2017-03)
5 MTC communication aspects
5.1 MTC communication scenarios
5.1.1 Introduction
For MTC communication the following communication scenarios can be identified:
a) MTC Devices communicating with one or more MTC Server;
b) MTC Devices communicating with each other.
5.1.2 MTC devices communicating with one or more MTC servers
The network operator provides network connectivity to MTC Server(s). This applies to MTC Server(s) controlled by the
network operator (refer to figure 5-1) or to MTC Server(s) not controlled by the network operator (refer to figure 5-2.)
MTC MTC
User
Server
Operator domain
MTC
Device
MTC
Device
MTC
Device
MTC
Device
Figure 5-1: Communication scenario with MTC devices communicating with MTC server.
MTC server is located in the operator domain.
MTC
Operator domain
MTC
User
Server
MTC
Device
MTC
Device
MTC
Device
MTC
Device
Figure 5-2: Communication scenario with MTC devices communicating with MTC server.
MTC server is located outside the operator domain.
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3GPP TS 22.368 version 14.0.0 Release 14 9 ETSI TS 122 368 V14.0.0 (2017-03)
The MTC Device and the MTC Server it is communicating with may implement a service enablement framework (e.g.
as specified in [4] and [5]) to provide generic functionality for applications. The MTC Device may implement multiple
instances of service enablement frameworks, each communicating with a different MTC Server.
Note 1: the standardization of service enablement frameworks is out of scope of 3GPP.
Note 2: as an example, a device can have two (or more) service enablement frameworks, both compliant to the
same specific standard or belonging to the same proprietary implementation. Each one has to be peered to
a different MTC server.
5.1.3 MTC devices communicating with each other
The communication scenario where the MTC Devices communicate directly without intermediate MTC Server (refer to
figure 5-3) is not considered in this release of the specification.
MTC
MTC
Operator domain A
Operator domain B
Device
Device
MTC
MTC
Device
Device
MTC
MTC
Device
Device
MTC
MTC
Device
Device
Figure 5-3: MTC Devices communicating directly with each other without intermediate MTC server
5.2 (void)
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3GPP TS 22.368 version 14.0.0 Release 14 10 ETSI TS 122 368 V14.0.0 (2017-03)
6 Categories of features for Machine-Type
Communications
Machine-Type Communication (MTC) applications do not all have the same characteristics. This implies that not every
system optimization is suitable for every MTC application. Therefore, MTC Features are defined to provide structure
for the different system optimization possibilities that can be invoked. MTC Features provided to a particular subscriber
are identified in the subscription. MTC Features can be individually activated.
The following MTC Features have been defined:
- Low Mobility;
- Time Controlled;
- Small Data Transmissions;
- Infrequent Mobile Terminated;
- MTC Monitoring;
- Secure Connection;
- Group Based MTC Features:
- Group Based Policing;
- Group Based Addressing.
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3GPP TS 22.368 version 14.0.0 Release 14 11 ETSI TS 122 368 V14.0.0 (2017-03)
7 Service requirements
7.1 Common service requirements
7.1.1 General
The following are MTC common service requirements:
- The network shall enable the network operator to identify per subscription which individual MTC Features are
subscribed to by a particular MTC Subscriber.
- The network shall provide a mechanism for the MTC Subscriber to activate or deactivate MTC Features.
- The network shall enable the network operator to identify which individual MTC Features are activated for a
particular MTC Subscriber.
Note 1: The activation/deactivation functionality can be provided via a web interface that is outside the scope of
3GPP specifications.
- The network shall provide a mechanism for the network operator to control the addition or removal of individual
MTC Features to a subscription (e.g. based on matching or mismatching of MTC Features).
- The network shall provide a mechanism for the network operator to restrict activation of MTC Features
(e.g. based on matching or mismatching of MTC Features).
- The network may provide a mechanism for the network operator to allow MTC Devices to override restrictions
imposed by a particular MTC Feature.
- The network operator shall be able to restrict the use of a USIM to specific MEs/MTC Devices.
- The network shall provide a mechanism to reduce peaks in the data and signalling traffic resulting from very
large numbers of MTC Devices (almost) simultaneously attempting data and/or signalling interactions.
- The network shall provide a mechanism to restrict downlink data and signalling when the network is overloaded.
- The network shall provide a mechanism to restrict access towards a specific APN when the network is
overloaded.
- A MTC Device may support the Extended Access Barring (EAB) mechanism defined in TS 22.011 [2].
- A MTC Device supporting the EAB mechanism shall be able to be configured for EAB by the HPLMN.
- The HPLMN shall be able to configure EAB on a MTC Device that supports it.
- Once configured, and upon reception of broadcasted EAB information, the MTC Device shall adhere to the
defined EAB mechanisms.
Note 2: The decision of whether a MTC Device is configured for EAB is out of 3GPP scope. In general, MTC
Devices considered more tolerant to access restrictions are well suited to be configured for EAB.
- The system shall provide mechanisms to efficiently maintain connectivity for a large number of MTC Devices.
- The network shall provide mechanisms to handle MTC Devices and applications on MTC Devices registering on
the IP multimedia core network subsystem and accessing its capabilities including interaction with IMS
application servers/enablers.
- Configuration parameters which are provided in the USIM shall take precedence over parameters provided in the
MTC Device if both exist.
- The network shall allow a resource efficient registration of MTC Devices and applications on MTC Devices on
the IP multimedia core network subsystem (e.g. no need of a permanently assigned ID per MTC Device)
- The system shall provide mechanisms to lower power consumption of MTC Devices.
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3GPP TS 22.368 version 14.0.0 Release 14 12 ETSI TS 122 368 V14.0.0 (2017-03)
- The system shall provide a resource efficient way to support MTC Devices that send or receive data
infrequently, i.e. with long periods between data transmissions.
- MTC Devices may or may not be kept attached to the network when not communicating, depending on operator
policies and MTC Application requirements.
- MTC Devices may keep their data connection or not keep their data connection when not communicating,
depending on operator policies and MTC Application requirements.
7.1.2 MTC Device triggering
The requirements related to MTC Device triggering include the following:
- The network shall be able to trigger MTC Devices to initiate communication with the MTC Server based on a
trigger indication from the MTC Server.
- The system shall provide a mechanism such that only trigger indications received from authorized MTC Servers
will lead to triggering of MTC Devices.
- Upon receiving a trigger indication from a source that is not an authorized MTC Server, the network shall be
able to provide the details of the source (e.g. address) to the MTC User.
- The system shall provide a mechanism to the MTC User to provide a set of authorized MTC Server(s).
- Upon receiving a trigger indication, if the network is not able to trigger the MTC Device, the 3GPP system may
send an indication to the MTC Server that triggering the MTC Device has been suppressed.
Note: Suppression of triggering could be due to system conditions such as network congestion.
- A MTC Device shall be able to receive trigger indications from the network and shall establish communication
with the MTC Server when receiving the trigger indication. Possible options may include:
- Receiving trigger indication when the MTC Device is not attached to the network.
- Receiving trigger indication when the MTC Device is attached to the network, but has no data connection
established.
- Receiving trigger indication when the MTC Device is attached to the network and has a data connection
established.
7.1.3 Addressing
The system shall provide mechanisms, according to operator policy, where an MTC Server can send a mobile
terminated message to the MTC Device. Scenarios include:
- The MTC Server is located in the public IPv6 address space. The MTC Device is assigned a public IPv6 address
by the MNO.
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3GPP TS 22.368 version 14.0.0 Release 14 13 ETSI TS 122 368 V14.0.0 (2017-03)
Figure 7-1: MTC server and the MTC Device in the public IPv6 address space
- The MTC Server is located in a public IPv4 address space; the MTC Device is assigned a private IPv4 address
by the MNO.
Alternatively, the MTC Server is located in a private IPv4 address space and is assigned a private IPv4 address
by the MNO; the MTC Device is assigned a private IPv4 address by the MNO corresponding to the same IPv4
address space as the MTC Server.
Figure 7-2: MTC Server in a public or private IPv4 address space,
MTC Device in a private IPv4 address space
7.1.4 Identifiers
The requirements for MTC related to identifiers include the following:
- The system shall be able to uniquely identify the ME;
- The system shall be able to uniquely identify the MTC Subscriber.
Note 1: The two requirements above also apply to human-to-human communications. However, for Machine-
Type Communications identifiers will have to be able to cater for a number of identifiers at least two
orders of magnitude higher than for human-to-human communications.
- In order to use MTC triggering, the system shall support association between an MTC Device identity and one
or more Service Enablement Framework individually.
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3GPP TS 22.368 version 14.0.0 Release 14 14 ETSI TS 122 368 V14.0.0 (2017-03)
Note 2: The Service Enablement Framework server in the network needs to associate its peer Service Enablement
Framework client on the MTC Device with the external identifier of the MTC Device.
Preconfiguration of the association is sufficient when the Service Enablement Framework knows the
MTC Device identities in advance to the starting of the service, but this does not match all the relevant
scenarios of service deployment.
- The system shall provide mechanisms for
...