|
TECHNICAL REPORT
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS);
FDD Base Station (BS) classification
(3GPP TR 25.951 version 15.0.0 Release 15)
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
3GPP TR 25.951 version 15.0.0 Release 15 1 ETSI TR 125 951 V15.0.0 (2018-11)
Reference
RTR/TSGR-0425951vf00
Keywords
UMTS
ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE
Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16
Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88
Important notice
The present document can be downloaded from:
The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or
print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any
existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the only prevailing document is the
print of the Portable Document Format (PDF) version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat.
Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services:
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying
and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI.
The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© ETSI 2018.
All rights reserved.
TM TM TM
DECT , PLUGTESTS , UMTS and the ETSI logo are trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members.
TM TM
3GPP and LTE are trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and
of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
oneM2M™ logo is a trademark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and
of the oneM2M Partners
GSM and the GSM logo are trademarks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
3GPP TR 25.951 version 15.0.0 Release 15 2 ETSI TR 125 951 V15.0.0 (2018-11)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Trademarks
The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners.
ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no
right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does
not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks.
Foreword
This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
The present document may refer to technical specifications or reports using their 3GPP identities, UMTS identities or
GSM identities. These should be interpreted as being references to the corresponding ETSI deliverables.
The cross reference between GSM, UMTS, 3GPP and ETSI identities can be found under
.
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be
interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
3GPP TR 25.951 version 15.0.0 Release 15 3 ETSI TR 125 951 V15.0.0 (2018-11)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 2
Foreword . 2
Modal verbs terminology . 2
Foreword . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 References . 7
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 7
4 General . 7
5 System scenarios . 7
5.1 Indoor Environment . 7
5.1.1 Path Loss Model . 7
5.2 Mixed Indoor – Outdoor Environment . 8
5.2.1 Propagation Model . 8
5.3 Minimum coupling loss (MCL). 9
5.3.1 MCL for Local Area scenario . 9
5.4 FDD Base Station Classification for Medium range BS class . 10
5.4.1 Proposal for Medium range (micro) BS class output power . 10
5.4.1.1 Discussion . 10
5.4.1.2 Proposal . 10
5.5 FDD Base Station Classification for Local area BS class . 10
5.5.1 Proposal for Local area (pico) BS class output power . 10
5.5.1.1 Discussion . 10
5.5.1.2 Proposal . 11
6 Base station classes . 11
Base station class criteria . 11
Text proposal for 4.2 Base station classes . 11
7 Changes for the Release 6 in addition to Release 5 . 11
7.1 Changes in 25.104 . 11
7.1.1 Frequency error . 12
7.1.1.1 New requirement . 12
7.1.1.2 Text proposal for 6.3.1 Minimum requirement . 12
7.1.3 Reference sensitivity level . 13
7.1.4 Spectrum emission mask . 14
7.1.5 Adjacent Channel Selectivity (ACS) . 14
7.1.7 Intermodulation characteristics . 16
7.1.8 Demodulation in static propagation conditions. 18
7.1.9 Demodulation of DCH in multipath fading conditions . 18
7.1.10 Demodulation of DCH in moving propagation conditions . 18
7.1.11 Demodulation of DCH in birth/death propagation conditions . 18
7.1.12 Output power dynamics . 18
7.1.13 Spurious emissions . 18
7.1.14 Transmit intermodulation . 21
7.1.15 Transmit modulation . 21
7.1.16 Receiver dynamic range . 21
7.1.17 Receiver spurious emissions . 22
7.1.18 Base station maximum output power . 22
7.2 Changes in 25.133 . 22
7.2.1 Received total wideband power . 22
8 Impacts to other WGs . 24
9 Backward Compatibility. 24
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
3GPP TR 25.951 version 15.0.0 Release 15 4 ETSI TR 125 951 V15.0.0 (2018-11)
Annex A (informative): Simulation results . 25
A.1 Micro base stations in FDD mode . 25
A.1.1 Receiver sensitivity . 25
A.1.1.1 Macro to micro multi-operator case . 25
A.1.1.2 Simulation results . 25
A.1.1.3 Simulation parameters . 27
A.1.1.4 Macro-Micro on adjacent frequencies . 28
A.1.1.4.1 Speech 8 kbps . 28
A.1.1.4.2 Data 144 kbps . 28
A.1.1.5 Micro-Micro scenario on adjacent frequencies . 29
A.1.2 Blocking, ACS, and Intermodulation . 29
A.1.2.1 Macro to micro multi-operator case . 29
A.1.2.2 Simulation results . 31
A.1.2.2.1 Blocking performance . 33
A.1.2.2.2 Adjacent Channel Selectivity . 33
A.1.2.2.3 Intermodulation Characteristics . 33
A.1.2.3 Simulation parameters . 34
A.2 Pico base stations in FDD mode . 34
A.2.1 Mixed microcell-picocell scenario . 34
A.2.2 Receiver sensitivity . 35
A.2.2.1 Simulation parameters . 35
A.2.2.2 Simulation results . 37
A.2.2.3 Noise rise for UL in Picocell environment . 38
A.2.2.4 UL noise rise calculation for the picocell BS. 38
A.2.2.5 Reference sensitivity level . 40
A.2.3 Dynamic range, ACS, Blocking and Intermodulation . 41
A.2.3.1 Simulation parameters . 41
A.2.3.2 Dynamic range . 41
A.2.3.3 ACS . 42
A.2.3.4 Blocking characteristics . 42
A.2.3.5 Intermodulation characteristics . 46
A.3 Maximum output power for Medium range BS class . 47
A.3.1 Simulation results #1 . 47
A.3.1.1 Simulation scenario. 47
A.3.1.2 Simulation results . 47
A.3.1.3 Proposal . 48
A.3.2 Simulation results #2 . 48
A.3.2.1 Simulation scenario. 48
A.3.2.2 Simulation results . 49
A.3.2.3 Proposal . 50
A.4 Maximum output power for Local area BS class . 51
A.4.1 Simulation results #1 . 51
A.4.1.1 Simulation scenario. 51
A.4.1.2 Simulation results . 51
A.4.1.3 Proposal . 52
A.4.2 Simulation results #2 . 53
A.4.2.1 Simulation scenario. 53
A.4.2.2 Simulation results . 53
A.4.2.3 Proposal . 54
Annex B (informative): Radio Network Planning Considerations . 55
B.1 Adjacent frequency Interference . 55
B.1.1 General . 55
B.1.2 Example analysis for localized interference . 55
B.1.3 Deployment guidelines to reduce interference . 56
B.2 Intra-frequency interference . 57
B.2.1 General . 57
B.2.2 Example analysis for localized interference . 57
B.2.2.1 UL issue . 57
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
3GPP TR 25.951 version 15.0.0 Release 15 5 ETSI TR 125 951 V15.0.0 (2018-11)
B.2.2.2 DL issue . 58
B.2.3 Deployment guidelines to reduce interference . 58
Annex C (informative): Change History . 60
History . 61
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
3GPP TR 25.951 version 15.0.0 Release 15 6 ETSI TR 125 951 V15.0.0 (2018-11)
Foreword
rd
This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3 Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal
TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an
identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows:
Version x.y.z
where:
x the first digit:
1 presented to TSG for information;
2 presented to TSG for approval;
3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control.
Y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections,
updates, etc.
z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document.
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
3GPP TR 25.951 version 15.0.0 Release 15 7 ETSI TR 125 951 V15.0.0 (2018-11)
1 Scope
This document is a Technical Report on Release 6 work item “FDD Base Station Classification”.
2 References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present
document.
• References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies.
[1] 3GPP TS 25.104 “BS Radio transmission and Reception (FDD)”
[2] 3GPP TS 25.133 “Requirements for Support of Radio Resource Management (FDD)”
[3] 3GPP TS 25.141 “Base Station (BS) conformance testing (FDD)”
[4] 3GPP TR 25.942 “RF System Scenarios”
[5] UMTS 30.03
[6] 3GPP TR 25.905 “Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications”
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the definitions, symbols and abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [6] apply.
4 General
Current TSG RAN WG4 specifications have been done according to the requirements for the general purpose base
stations (NodeBs) applications. For the UTRA evolution requirement specifications for other types of base stations are
needed as well to take into account different use scenarios and radio environments. In this technical report, base station
classification is described and requirements for each base station class are derived.
5 System scenarios
This section describes the system scenarios for UTRA operation that are considered when defining base station classes.
It also includes typical radio parameters that are used to derive requirements.
5.1 Indoor Environment
5.1.1 Path Loss Model
The indoor path loss model expressed in dB is in the following form, which is derived from the COST 231 indoor
model:
((n+2)/(n+1)-0.46)
L = 37 + 20 Log I + Σ k L + 18.3 n
10 wi wi
where:
R transmitter-receiver separation given in metres
k number of penetrated walls of type i
wi
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
3GPP TR 25.951 version 15.0.0 Release 15 8 ETSI TR 125 951 V15.0.0 (2018-11)
L loss of wall type i
wi
n number of penetrated floors
Two types of internal walls are considered. Light internal walls with a loss factor of 3.4 dB and regular internal walls
with a loss factor of 6.9 dB.
If internal walls are not modelled individually, the indoor path loss model is represented by the following formula:
L = 37 + 30 Log10I + 18.3 n ((n+2)/(n+1)-0.46)
where:
R transmitter-receiver separation given in metres;
n number of penetrated floors
Slow fading deviation in pico environment is assumed to be 6 dB.
5.2 Mixed Indoor – Outdoor Environment
5.2.1 Propagation Model
Distance attenuation inside a building is a pico cell model as defined in Chapter 5.1.1. In outdoors UMTS30.03 model is
used [5].
Attenuation from outdoors to indoors is sketched in Figure 5.1 below. In figure star denotes receiving object and circle
transmitting object. Receivers are projected to virtual positions. Attenuation is calculated using micro propagation
model between transmitter and each virtual position. Indoor attenuation is calculated between virtual transmitters and
the receiver. Finally, lowest pathloss is selected for further calculations. Only one floor is considered.
The total pathloss between outdoor transmitter and indoor receiver is calculated as
L = L + L + Σ k L + a * R ,
micro OW wi wi
where:
L Micro cell pathloss according UMTS30.03 Outdoor to Indoor and Pedestrian Test Environment
micro
pathloss model
LOW outdoor wall penetration loss [dB]
R virtual transmitter-receiver separation given in metres;
kwi number of penetrated walls of type I;
Lwi loss of wall type I;
a = 0.8 attenuation [dB/m]
Slow fading deviation in mixed pico-micro environment shall be 6 dB.
Propagation from indoors to outdoors would be symmetrical with above models.
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
3GPP TR 25.951 version 15.0.0 Release 15 9 ETSI TR 125 951 V15.0.0 (2018-11)
BS
MS
Virtual
positions
Figure 5.1: Simulation scenario and propagation model.
Parameters related to propagation models are summarised in Table 5.1.
Table 5.1: Parameters related to mixed indoor – outdoor propagation model
Parameter value
Inside wall loss 6.9 dB
Outside wall loss 10 dB
Slow fading deviation in indoors 6 dB
Slow fading deviation in outdoors 6 dB
Building size 110 x 110 meters
Street size 110 x 15 meters
Room size 22 x 25 meters
Number of rooms 5 rooms in 4 rows
Corridor size 110 x 5 meters
Number of corridors 2
Size of entrance point 5 meters
Number of base stations 4 . 6
BS coordinates tba
5.3 Minimum coupling loss (MCL)
Minimum Coupling Loss (MCL) is defined as the minimum distance loss including antenna gain measured between
antenna connectors.
5.3.1 MCL for Local Area scenario
The minimum coupling loss between Ues is independent of the scenario, therefore the same minimum coupling loss is
assumed for all environments.
Local area BSs are usually mounted under the ceiling, on wall or some other exposed position. In [4] chapter 4.1.1.2 a
minimal separation of 2 metres between UE and indoor BS is assumed. Free space path loss is defined in [4] as:
Path loss [dB] = 38.25 + 20 log10(d [m])
Taking into account 0 dBi antenna gain for Local area BS and UE and a body loss of 1 dB at the terminal, a MCL of 45.27
dB is obtained. The additional 2 dB cable loss at the BS as proposed in TR 25.942 is not considered.
The assumed MCL values are summarised in table 5.2.
ETSI
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
3GPP TR 25.951 version 15.0.0 Release 15 10 ETSI TR 125 951 V15.0.0 (2018-11)
Table 5.2: Minimum Coupling Losses
MCL
MS ↔ MS 40 dB
45 dB
Local area BS ↔
...