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ETSI STANDARD
Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS);
The Testing and Test Control Notation version 3;
Part 1: TTCN-3 Core Language
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2 ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.11.1 (2019-04)
Reference
RES/MTS-201873-1v4.11.1_Core
Keywords
language, methodology, testing, TTCN-3
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3 ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.11.1 (2019-04)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 13
Foreword . 13
Modal verbs terminology . 13
1 Scope . 14
2 References . 14
2.1 Normative references . 14
2.2 Informative references . 15
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 16
3.1 Terms . 16
3.2 Symbols . 21
3.3 Abbreviations . 22
4 Introduction . 23
4.0 General . 23
4.1 The core language and presentation formats . 23
4.2 Unanimity of the specification . 25
4.3 Conformance . 25
5 Basic language elements . 25
5.0 General . 25
5.1 Identifiers and keywords . 26
5.2 Scope rules . 26
5.2.0 General . 26
5.2.1 Scope of formal parameters . 29
5.2.2 Uniqueness of identifiers . 29
5.3 Ordering of language elements . 30
5.4 Parameterization . 30
5.4.0 General . 30
5.4.1 Formal parameters . 31
5.4.1.0 General . 31
5.4.1.1 Formal parameters of kind value . 31
5.4.1.2 Formal parameters of kind template . 34
5.4.2 Actual parameters . 36
5.5 Cyclic Definitions. 41
6 Types and values . 42
6.0 General . 42
6.1 Basic types and values . 43
6.1.0 Simple basic types and values. 43
6.1.1 Basic string types and values . 44
6.1.1.0 General . 44
6.1.1.1 Accessing individual string elements . 46
6.1.2 Subtyping of basic types . 47
6.1.2.0 General . 47
6.1.2.1 Lists of templates . 47
6.1.2.2 Lists of types . 47
6.1.2.3 Ranges . 48
6.1.2.4 String length restrictions . 48
6.1.2.5 Pattern subtyping of character string types . 49
6.1.2.6 Mixing subtyping mechanisms . 49
6.1.2.6.1 Mixing patterns, lists and ranges . 49
6.1.2.6.2 Using length restriction with other constraints . 50
6.2 Structured types and values . 50
6.2.0 General . 50
6.2.1 Record type and values . 52
6.2.1.0 General . 52
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6.2.1.1 Referencing fields of a record type . 54
6.2.1.2 Optional elements in a record. 56
6.2.1.3 Nested type definitions for field types . 56
6.2.2 Set type and values . 56
6.2.2.0 General . 56
6.2.2.1 Referencing fields of a set type . 57
6.2.2.2 Optional elements in a set . 57
6.2.2.3 Nested type definition for field types . 57
6.2.3 Records and sets of single types . 57
6.2.3.0 General . 57
6.2.3.1 Nested type definitions . 60
6.2.3.2 Referencing elements of record of and set of types . 60
6.2.4 Enumerated type and values . 61
6.2.5 Unions . 63
6.2.5.0 General . 63
6.2.5.1 Referencing fields of a union type . 64
6.2.5.2 Option and union . 65
6.2.5.3 Nested type definition for field types . 65
6.2.6 The anytype . 65
6.2.7 Arrays . 66
6.2.8 The default type . 67
6.2.9 Communication port types . 68
6.2.10 Component types . 70
6.2.10.1 Component type definition . 70
6.2.10.2 Reuse of component types . 71
6.2.11 Component references . 73
6.2.12 Addressing entities inside the SUT . 75
6.2.13 Subtyping of structured types . 77
6.2.13.0 General . 77
6.2.13.1 Length subtyping of record ofs and set ofs . 77
6.2.13.2 List subtyping of structured types and anytype . 78
6.2.13.3 Subtyping of the iterated type of record ofs and set ofs . 80
6.2.13.4 Mixing subtyping mechanisms . 82
6.2.14 The timer type . 82
6.3 Type compatibility . 82
6.3.0 General . 82
6.3.1 Compatibility of non-structured types . 82
6.3.2 Compatibility of structured types . 84
6.3.2.0 General . 84
6.3.2.1 Compatibility of enumerated types . 84
6.3.2.2 Compatibility of record and record of types . 85
6.3.2.3 Compatibility of set and set of types . 86
6.3.2.4 Compatibility of union types . 87
6.3.2.5 Compatibility of anytype types . 87
6.3.2.6 Compatibility between sub-structures . 88
6.3.3 Compatibility of component types . 88
6.3.4 Type compatibility of communication and connection operations . 89
6.3.5 Type conversion . 90
6.3.6 Type compatibility of port types . 90
6.3.7 Type compatibility of timer types . 90
6.4 Type synonym . 90
7 Expressions . 90
7.0 General . 90
7.1 Operators . 91
7.1.0 General . 91
7.1.1 Arithmetic operators . 92
7.1.2 List operator . 93
7.1.3 Relational operators . 93
7.1.4 Logical operators . 96
7.1.5 Bitwise operators . 96
7.1.6 Shift operators . 97
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7.1.7 Rotate operators . 98
7.2 Field references and list ele me nts . 99
7.3 Decoded field reference . 99
8 Modules . 100
8.0 General . 100
8.1 Definition of a module . 100
8.2 Module definitions part . 101
8.2.0 General . 101
8.2.1 Module parameters . 102
8.2.2 Groups of definitions . 103
8.2.3 Importing from modules . 104
8.2.3.0 General . 104
8.2.3.1 General format of import . 104
8.2.3.2 Importing single definitions . 111
8.2.3.3 Importing groups . 112
8.2.3.4 Importing definitions of the same kind . 113
8.2.3.5 Importing all definitions of a module . 113
8.2.3.6 Import definitions from other TTCN-3 editions and from non-TTCN-3 modules . 114
8.2.3.7 Importing of import statements from TTCN-3 modules . 116
8.2.3.8 Compatibility of language specifications in imports . 117
8.2.4 Definition of friend modules . 118
8.2.5 Visibility of definitions . 118
8.3 Module control part . 120
9 Port types, component types and test configurations . 121
9.0 General . 121
9.1 Communication ports . 121
9.2 Test system interface . 124
10 Declaring constants . 126
11 Declaring variables . 126
11.0 General . 126
11.1 Value variables . 127
11.2 Template variables . 128
12 Declaring timers . 129
13 Declaring messages . 130
14 Declaring procedure signatures . 131
15 Declaring templates . 132
15.0 General . 132
15.1 Declaring message templates . 133
15.2 Declaring signature templates . 135
15.3 Global and local templates . 136
15.4 In-line Templates . 137
15.5 Modified templates . 138
15.6 Referencing elements of templates or template fields . 142
15.6.0 General . 142
15.6.1 Referencing individual string elements. 142
15.6.2 Referencing record and set fields . 142
15.6.3 Referencing record of and set of elements . 143
15.6.4 Referencing signature parameters . 146
15.6.5 Referencing union alternatives . 147
15.7 Template matching mechanisms . 148
15.7.0 General . 148
15.7.1 Specific values . 149
15.7.2 Special symbols that can be used instead of values . 150
15.7.3 Special symbols that can be used inside values . 151
15.7.4 Special symbols which describe attributes of values . 151
15.8 Template Restrictions . 152
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15.9 Match Operation . 154
15.10 Valueof Operation . 156
15.11 Concatenating templates of string and list types . 156
16 Functions, altsteps and testcases . 159
16.0 General . 159
16.1 Functions . 159
16.1.0 General . 159
16.1.1 Invoking functions . 162
16.1.2 Predefined functions . 162
16.1.3 External functions .
...