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oSIST prEN ISO 18623-1:2014
01-oktober-2014
Kompresorji za zrak in sistemi na stisnjen zrak - Kompresorji za zrak - 1. del:
Varnostne zahteve (ISO/DIS 18623-1:2014)
Air compressors and compressed air systems - Air compressors - Part 1: Safety
requirements (ISO/DIS 18623-1:2014)
Compresseurs à air et systèmes à air comprimé - Compresseurs à air - Partie 1:
Prescriptions de sécurité (ISO/DIS 18623-1:2014)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 18623-1 rev
ICS:
23.140 .RPSUHVRUMLLQSQHYPDWLþQL Compressors and pneumatic
VWURML machines
oSIST prEN ISO 18623-1:2014 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN ISO 18623-1:2014
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oSIST prEN ISO 18623-1:2014
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 18623-1
ISO/TC 118/SC 6 Secretariat: SIS
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2014-04-14 2014-07-14
Air compressors and compressed air systems — Air
compressors —
Part 1:
Safety requirements
Compresseurs à air et systèmes à air comprimé — Compresseurs à air —
Partie 1: Prescriptions de sécurité
ICS: 23.140
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 18623-1:2014(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2014
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oSIST prEN ISO 18623-1:2014
ISO/DIS 18623-1:2014(E)
Copyright notice
This ISO document is a Draft International Standard and is copyright-protected by ISO. Except as
permitted under the applicable laws of the user’s country, neither this ISO draft nor any extract
from it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means,
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Reproduction may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement.
Violators may be prosecuted.
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 18623-1:2014
ISO/DIS 18623-1
Contents Page
Foreword . v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative References . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 3
4 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 4
4.1 General . 4
4.2 Mechanical safety . 4
4.2.1 Guards . 4
4.2.2 Fluid injection . 5
4.2.3 Loss of stability . 6
4.2.4 Slip, trip and fall . 6
4.3 Electrical safety . 6
4.3.1 Generally applicable . 6
4.3.2 Protection from overload . 7
4.3.3 Protection from live parts . 7
4.3.4 Portable and skid-mounted compressor units . 7
4.4 Control systems . 7
4.4.1 General . 9
4.4.2 Manual reset function . 9
4.4.3 Start/restart function . 9
4.4.4 Emergency stop . 10
4.4.5 External influences on electrical equipment . 10
4.4.6 Pneumatic and/or hydraulic control systems . 10
4.4.7 Pressure or fluid level drops . 10
4.5 Thermal safety . 11
4.6 Noise . 11
4.7 Materials and substances processed, used or exhausted . 11
4.7.1 Micro-organisms, biological and microbiological substances . 11
4.7.2 Breathing difficulties . 11
4.8 Fire and explosion . 12
4.8.1 Electrostatic phenomena . 12
4.8.2 Oil-flooded rotary air compressor units . 12
4.8.3 Oil-lubricated reciprocating air compressor units . 13
4.8.4 Oil-lubricated reciprocating compressor units operating above 50 bar . 13
4.8.5 Compressor units driven by combustion engines. 13
4.9 Ergonomic principles . 13
4.9.1 General . 13
4.9.2 Manual handling of compressor units . 14
4.9.3 Portable and skid-mounted compressor units . 14
4.10 Breaking down of machinery parts and other functional disorders . 14
4.10.1 Break-up during operation . 14
4.10.2 Low temperature operation . 15
4.10.3 Liquid shock . 15
4.10.4 Coolant system . 15
4.11 Pressure relief – fragmentation . 15
4.11.1 General . 15
4.11.2 Design specifications of pressure relief devices . 16
4.11.3 Turbo compressor units . 16
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oSIST prEN ISO 18623-1:2014
ISO/DIS 18623-1
4.11.4 Multi stage compressor units . 16
4.11.5 Application of pressure relief devices at the cooling medium side . 16
4.12 Information and warning devices . 16
5 Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures . 17
5.1 Pressure testing . 17
5.2 Noise . 17
5.2.1 General . 17
5.2.2 Sound power level of compressor units for use outdoors . 17
5.3 Stability of portable compressor units . 17
5.4 Structure of verification . 18
6 Information for use . 20
6.1 General requirements . 20
6.2 Accompanying documents (in particular, instruction handbook) . 20
6.2.1 Instruction handbook . 20
6.2.2 Information relating to the use of the compressor/compressor unit . 22
6.3 Specific types of compressors . 23
6.3.1 General . 23
6.3.2 Portable and skid-mounted air compressor units . 23
6.3.3 Entry to inlet ducts and enclosures . 23
6.4 Service instructions . 24
6.4.1 General . 24
6.4.2 Precautions for service/maintenance . 24
6.5 Markings, signs and written warnings . 25
6.5.1 Generally applicable . 25
6.5.2 Compressor unit enclosures . 25
6.5.3 Off-road portable and skid-mounted air compressor units . 25
6.5.4 Markings (in particular, data plate) . 25
6.6 Noise . 26
6.6.1 A-weighted emission sound pressure level and A-weighted sound power level declaration . 26
6.6.2 Hearing protection . 27
6.7 Dismantling . 27
Annex A (informative) Labels, signs and tags . 28
Annex B (informative) List of significant hazards . 33
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 18623-1:2014
ISO/DIS 18623-1
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 18623-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 118, Compressors and pneumatic tools, machines and
equipment, Subcommittee SC 6, Air compressors and compressed air systems.
This second/third/. edition cancels and replaces the first/second/. edition (), [clause(s) / subclause(s) / table(s)
/ figure(s) / annex(es)] of which [has / have] been technically revised.
ISO 18623 consists of the following parts, under the general title Air compressors and compressed air systems — Air
compressors:
Part 1: Safety requirements
Part 2: Good practice
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oSIST prEN ISO 18623-1:2014
ISO/DIS 18623-1
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are covered
are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or B standards, the
requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other standards for machines
that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C standard.
This International Standard classifies and makes available general information on practices, specific
requirements, and recommendations covering safety for air compressors, their drives, and auxiliaries. Safety
requirements, recommendations, and suggestions described in this Standard provide guidance to those who
design, produce, install, maintain, and/ or operate air compressors.
vi © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 18623-1:2014
COMMITTEE DRAFT ISO/DIS 18623-1
Air compressors and compressed air systems — Air
compressors — Part 1: Safety requirements
1 Scope
This part of ISO 18623 is applicable to compressors and compressor units having an operating pressure greater
than 0,5 bar and designed to compress air, nitrogen or inert gases. This standard deals with all significant hazards,
hazardous situations and events relevant to the design, installation, operation, maintenance, dismantling and
disposal of compressors and compressor units, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse
which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
This part of ISO 18623 includes under the general term compressor units those machines which comprise:
the compressor;
a drive system;
any component or device which is necessary for operation.
This part covers compressors driven by any power media, including battery powered and which are fitted in or
used with motor vehicles.
The significant hazards dealt with in the standard are identified in Annex A.
It does not cover requirements for compressors and compressor units used in potentially explosive atmospheres.
It is not applicable to compressors and compressor units which are manufactured before the date of publication of
this standard.
It does not cover compressors and compressor units for processing petroleum, petrochemicals, or chemicals
within the scope of ISO TC67.
2 Normative References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references,
only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
ISO 2151:2008, Acoustics. Noise test code for compressors and vacuum pumps. Engineering method (Grade 2)
ISO 3857-1:1977, Compressors, pneumatic tools and machines. Vocabulary – Part 1 - General
ISO 3857-2:1977, Compressors, pneumatic tools and machines. Vocabulary – Part 2 – Compressors
ISO 4126-1:2013, Safety devices for protection against excessive pressure - Safety valves
ISO 4413:2010, Pneumatic fluid power. General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components
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oSIST prEN ISO 18623-1:2014
ISO/DIS 18623-1
ISO 4414:2010, Hydraulic fluid power. General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components
ISO 8573-1:2010, Compressed air — Part 1: Contaminants and purity classes
ISO 8573-2:2007, Compressed air — Part 2: Test methods for oil aerosol content
ISO 8573-3:1999, Compressed air — Part 3: Test methods for measurement of humidity
ISO 8573-4:2001, Compressed air — Part4: Test methods for solid particle content
ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery - General principles for design – Risk assessment and risk reduction
ISO 13849-1:2006, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for
design
ISO 13850:2006, Safety of machinery – Emergency stop – Principles for design
ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower
limbs
ISO 14120, Safety of machinery. Guards. General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable
guards
ISO 14122-1:2001, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 1: Choice of fixed means
of access between two levels
ISO 14122-2:2001, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 2: Working platforms
and walkways
ISO 14122-3:2001, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 3: Stairs, stepladders
and guard-rails
ISO 14122-4:2004, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 4: Fixed ladders
ISO 15534-1:2000, Ergonomic design for the safety of machinery - Part 1: Principles for determining the dimensions
required for openings for whole-body access into machinery
IEC 60204-1:2005+A1:2008, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements
IEC 60204-11: 2000, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 11: Requirements for HV
equipment for voltages above 1 000 V a.c. or 1 500 V d.c. and not exceeding 36 kV
IEC 61310-2:2007, Safety of machinery. Indication, marking and actuation - Requirements for marking
EN 626-1:1994+A1:2008, Safety of machinery. Reduction of risks to health from Hazardous substances emitted by
machinery - Principles and specifications for machinery manufacturers
EN 1005-2:2003+A1:2008, Safety of machinery. Human physical performance - Manual handling of machinery and
component parts of machinery
EN 13445-5:2009 +A4:2013: Unfired pressure vessels - Inspection and testing
2 © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 18623-1:2014
ISO/DIS 18623-1
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12100:2010 apply. Terms and
definitions specifically needed for compressors are listed below and in ISO 3857-1:1977 and ISO 3857-2:1977.
3.1.1
compressor
part of a compressor unit that compresses a gas or vapour media to a pressure higher than that at the inlet
3.1.2
compressor unit
unit that comprises the compressor, a drive system and any component or device which is necessary for operation
3.1.3
drive system
system that consists of a prime mover and coupling mechanism
Note 1 to entry: Prime mover may be an electric motor, steam engine (turbine), etc.
Note 2 to entry: Coupling mechanism may be a drive belt, shaft, gears, etc.
3.1.4
inert gas
chemically inactive gas which retains this characteristic even at elevated pressures
3.1.5
pressure
pressure relative to atmospheric pressure, i.e. gauge pressure
Note 1 to entry: In many cases, this is referred to as effective pressure.
Note 2 to entry: The unit bar for pressure is used. 1 bar = 100 kPa.
3.1.6
liquid shock
excessive force resulting from an attempt to compress incompressible media
3.1.7
maximum allowable pressure
maximum pressure for which the compressor or compressor unit is designed, as specified by the manufacturer
Note 1 to entry: This is also identified as maximum allowable working pressure.
3.1.8
normal operating conditions
conditions considered to be when the compressor is properly maintained and operated within admissible limits in
particular ambient temperature, as specified by the manufacturer when compressing the specified media
3.2 Specific terms
3.2.1
air compressor
compressor intended for compression of air, nitrogen or inert gases
3.2.2
compressor assembly
assembly of compressor units and ancillary equipment to provide a compression facility that functions as an
integrated whole
Note 1 to entry: The limits of the assembly are as defined by the manufacturer.
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oSIST prEN ISO 18623-1:2014
ISO/DIS 18623-1
3.2.3
portable and skid mounted compressor
3.2.3.1
portable compressor unit
compressor unit which is wheel-mounted and can be towed on- and off-site
3.2.3.2
skid-mounted compressor unit
compressor unit which is mounted on skids and which can be towed short distances on-site or transported
3.2.3.3
gross mass
maximum specified mass of a skid-mounted or portable compressor unit (including tools, equipment and fuel)
Note 1 to entry: Tools and equipment includes for example concrete breakers, picks and hoses likely to be carried for a typical
working application.
3.2.4
process compressor
compressor intended for compression of all gases other than air, nitrogen or inert gases
3.2.5
water-injected compressor
compressor design in which the compressed media and the water are mixed
4 Safety requirements and/or protective measures
4.1 General
The machine shall comply with the following safety requirements and/or protective measures and be verified in
accordance with Clause 5. In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of ISO 12100 for
relevant but not significant hazards, which are not dealt with by this document.
When choices are necessary for the application of type B standards referred to in this Standard, i.e. listed in Clause
2, the manufacturer shall carry out an appropriate risk assessment for making these choices.
The measures adopted to comply with the requirements of this clause shall take account of the state-of-the-art
when more effective technical means become available.
4.2 Mechanical safety
4.2.1 Guards
4.2.1.1 General
When fixed guards have to be removed for periodic maintenance or repair their fixing systems shall remain
attached to the guard or machinery when the guards are removed.
4.2.1.2 Cutting and severing, friction and abrasion
All moving parts shall be enclosed within the permanent compressor casing or compressor unit cover, enclosure
or canopy. When this is not possible, separate guards shall be provided to prevent contact with all rotating and
reciprocating parts to minimize the risk of cutting and severing, friction and abrasion to personnel in accordance
with Clause 5 of ISO 14120 and ISO 13857 for safety distances.
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oSIST prEN ISO 18623-1:2014
ISO/DIS 18623-1
4.2.1.3 Bodily contact
Guards
...