|
International
Standard
ISO 2424
Fifth edition
Textile floor coverings —
2024-07
Vocabulary
Revêtements de sol textiles — Vocabulaire
Reference number
© ISO 2024
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: [email protected]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Terms related to categories of textile floor coverings as a function of their constructions . 1
5 Terms related to the use-surface . 14
6 Terms related to the substrate .20
7 Terms related to the patterning and colouring of textile floor coverings .23
8 Terms related to the fitting and use of textile floor coverings .23
9 Terms related to the wear behaviour for use of textile floor coverings.25
9.1 Wear characteristics . 25
9.2 Other properties . 28
Bibliography .31
Index .32
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 219, Floor coverings.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition (ISO 2424:2007), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— rephrasing some words and definitions;
— adding some definitions.
A list of all parts in the ISO 2424 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
International Standard ISO 2424:2024(en)
Textile floor coverings — Vocabulary
1 Scope
This document defines terms relating to textile floor coverings and categories of these products.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
textile floor covering
system having a use-surface (3.2) composed of textile material and generally used for covering floors
Note 1 to entry: Textile floor coverings may be plain or patterned.
3.2
use-surface
part of a textile floor covering (3.1) directly exposed to traffic
3.3
substrate
base fabric
support fabric
construction, integral with the use-surface (3.2) and composed of one or more layers, which serves as a
support for the use-surface
Note 1 to entry: The substrate can be built, for example, by a woven, non- or needled layer in case of a tufted floor
covering or needled floor covering, or by a binding warp in case of a woven floor covering.
Note 2 to entry: The substrate can stabilize the dimensions and/or act as a cushion.
Note 3 to entry: Certain textile floor coverings (3.1) without pile (5.1) don't need to have a substrate distinct from the
use-surface.
4 Terms related to categories of textile floor coverings as a function of their
constructions
4.1
textile floor covering with pile
pile carpet
floor covering having a textile use-surface (3.2) to form a layer of yarns or fibres onto a substrate (3.3) which
can be processed like weaving (4.1.1), tufting (4.1.2), knitting (4.1.3) or needling (4.1.6).
Note 1 to entry: For the definition of pile, see 5.1.
Note 2 to entry: The floor covering can have a defined use-surface and a backing substrate (heterogeneous), or a
proportion of fibres that is consistent from surface to back (homogeneous).
4.1.1
woven textile floor covering with pile
woven pile carpet
pile carpet (4.1) produced on a weaving machine so that the pile (5.1) is bound by interlacing with backing yarns
4.1.1.1
wire Wilton textile floor covering
a pile carpet (4.1) made by weft wise wire insertion on the full width of the weaving machine
Note 1 to entry: Examples are given in Figures 1 and 2.
Key
1 pile wire
2 cut pile
3 backing: chain, slack or binding warp
4 incorporated dead pile
5 backing: stuffer warp or tight warp
6 backing: weft
Figure 1 — Wire-Wilton-textile floor covering cut pile (warp ways cross-section)
Key
1 loop pile wire
2 loop pile yarn
3 backing: chain, slack or binding warp
4 incorporated dead pile
5 backing: stuffer warp or tight warp
6 backing: weft
Figure 2 — Wire Wilton-textile floor covering loop pile (warp ways cross-section)
4.1.1.1.1
plain wire Wilton textile floor covering
pile carpet (4.1), generally of a single colour in the same warp course, in the production of which there is no
provision for alternative selection of pile (5.1) yarns
Note 1 to entry: An example is given in Figure 3.
Key
1 pile wire
2 cut pile
3 backing: chain, slack or binding warp
4 backing: stuffer warp or tight warp
5 backing: weft
Figure 3 — Wire-Wilton-textile floor covering plain cut pile (warp ways cross-section)
4.1.1.1.2
patterned wire Wilton textile floor covering
pile carpet (4.1) produced on a weaving machine with a Jacquard or other patterning mechanism and having
a design obtained by predetermined selection of required colour of pile (5.1) yarns from those available in
each broche (6.4), other pile yarns remaining as incorporated dead pile (6.8) yarns in the ground weave (6.13)
Note 1 to entry: Examples are given in Figures 4 to 6.
Figure 4 — 1/2 V-weave (two-shot weave) with pile not through to the back
and with incorporated dead pile
Figure 5 — 1/2 V-weave (two-shot weave) with pile through to the back
and with incorporated dead pile
Figure 6 — 2/3 V-weave (three-shot weave) with pile not through to the back
and with incorporated dead pile
4.1.1.2
face-to-face woven pile textile floor covering
pile carpet (4.1) made on a weaving machine that produces simultaneously, face-to-face, two ground weaves
(6.13) joined by the pile (5.1) yarn, which are divided by the cutting motion of the knife producing a bottom
textile floor covering (3.1) (BC) and a top carpet (TC)
Note 1 to entry: An example is given in Figure 7.
Note 2 to entry: In face-to-face textile floor coverings, three different weaving techniques are distinguished: the
single rapier weaving technique (4.1.1.2.1), the double rapier weaving technique (4.1.1.2.2) and the triple rapier weaving
technique (4.1.1.2.3).
Key
1 weft
2 backing: stuffer warp or tight warp
3 incorporated dead pile
4 backing: chain, slack or binding warp
5 pile
Figure 7 — Face-to-face textile floor covering (warp ways cross-section)
4.1.1.2.1
single rapier weaving technique
technique in which only one weft is introduced per weaving cycle so that, on the first weaving cycle, a shed is
made for the top carpet (3.1) (TC) and, on the second weaving cycle, a shed is made for the bottom carpet (BC)
Note 1 to entry: The single rapier weaving technique also includes with no incorporated dead pile (6.8), in which case
the dead pile yarn floats on the back of the bottom textile floor covering and is subsequently removed by a “scraping”
process as part of the finishing process.
Note 2 to entry: Textile floor coverings woven with the single rapier technique have a pile row on every pick (6.11) (see
Figure 8).
Figure 8 — 1/1 V-weave (one-shot weave) with pile through to the back and
with incorporated dead pile
4.1.1.2.2
double rapier weaving technique
technique in which two wefts are inserted simultaneously per weaving cycle, one weft for the shed of the top
carpet (3.1) (TC) and one weft for the shed of the bottom carpet (BC)
Note 1 to entry: Textile floor coverings woven with the double rapier technique have a pile (5.1) row on every two picks
(6.11) (see Figures 9 and 10).
Figure 9 — 1/2 V-weave (two-shot weave) with pile through to the back
and with incorporated dead pile
Figure 10 — 1/2 V-weave (two-shot weave) with pile not through to the back
and with incorporated dead pile
4.1.1.2.3
triple rapier weaving technique
technique in which three wefts are inserted simultaneously per weaving cycle so that, on the first weaving
cycle, two wefts are inserted in the shed of the top carpet (3.1) (TC) and one weft in the shed of the bottom
carpet (BC) and, on the second weaving cycle, two wefts are inserted in the shed of the bottom carpet (BC)
and one weft in the shed of the top carpet (TC)
Note 1 to entry: Textile floor coverings woven with the triple rapier technique have a pile (5.1) row every three picks
(6.11), obtained in two machine revolutions (see Figure 11).
Figure 11 — 2/3 V-weave (three-shot weave) with pile through to the back
and with incorporated dead pile
4.1.1.3
Axminster textile floor covering
cut pile (5.5) textile floor covering (3.1) produced by inserting, during weaving, successive rows of tufts (5.3)
having colours arranged according to a predetermined order
Note 1 to entry: As a consequence of its weaving, this type of textile floor covering does not contain dead yarns.
4.1.1.3.1
spool Axminster textile floor covering
pile carpet (4.1) manufactured on a weaving machine, on which the pile (5.1) yarns of each weft row are
wrapped on a separate spool according to the required design, the spools are prepared, one per each row of
the design, in a preparatory process known as spool setting, the tufts (5.3) being separated from the yarns
presented at the point of weaving
...