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Technical
Specification
ISO/TS 20517
First edition
Space systems — Cybersecurity
2024-07
management requirements and
recommendations
Systèmes spatiaux — Exigences et recommandations en matière
de gestion de la cybersécurité
Reference number
© ISO 2024
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ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions .1
3.2 Abbreviated terms .2
4 Cybersecurity overview . 2
4.1 General .2
4.2 Mission, programme and project .2
4.3 Project management . .3
4.4 Systems engineering .3
5 Cybersecurity general principles. 3
6 Cybersecurity management plan . 4
7 Cybersecurity policies . 5
8 Requirements for cybersecurity . 5
9 Cybersecurity process . 6
10 Cybersecurity culture . 7
Bibliography . 8
iii
Foreword
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicles, Subcommittee
SC 14, Space systems and operations.
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iv
Introduction
Cybersecurity is a broad term used differently through the world. Cybersecurity concerns managing
information security risks related to the organizations or products when information is in digital form in
computers, storage and networks. Many of the information security controls, methods, and techniques can
be applied to manage cyber risks.
Space is a critical sector that is no longer the domain of only national government authorities. Space is an
inherently risky environment in which to operate, so cybersecurity risks involving space systems must be
understood and managed alongside other types of risks to ensure safe and successful operations.
Over the past decade, space vulnerabilities have grown fast. Cyber intrusions into space organization start
to happen, making the interested parts more aware of the cyber defence needs of space assets. A range
of measures must be made available to prevent or anticipate an incident, or even a cyber war or conflict.
Space systems already suffered from different kinds of attacks. Besides that, with the advent of space
commercialization (NewSpace), there are increasingly cybersecurity concerns.
This document intends to make available to system engineers, project managers, software engineers, and
space professionals requirements and recommendations about how to deal with cybersecurity in space
systems.
System engineers, project managers and software engineers are the primary focus. The audience also
includes safety engineers, quality managers and all the stakeholders in charge of making available,
protecting, maintaining and disposing of any information related to space systems.
This document:
— provides a security approach under system life cycle perspective for the minimum required product
assurance activities that contribute to cybersecurity;
— presents basic concepts, on pertinent cybersecurity management requirements and recommendations.
— provides requirements and recommendations for the management of the systems engineering applied
to space systems and intends to define the minimum set of existing processes on the subject, seeking to
reach an international agreement on the topic.
This document emphasizes the following aspects of the cybersecurity for space systems:
— Cybersecurity overview;
— Cybersecurity general principles;
— Policies, practices and responsibilities;
— Requirements for cybersecurity;
— Cybersecurity process;
— Cybersecurity culture.
v
Technical Specification ISO/TS 20517:2024(en)
Space systems — Cybersecurity management requirements
and recommendations
1 Scope
This document defines requirements and recommendations to be used for the management of cybersecurity
in space systems. Space systems include manned and unmanned spacecraft, launcher, payload, experiment,
ground equipment and any other space facilities.
This document describes the processes, techniques, and responsibilities for managing the cybersecurity,
ways to prevent and mitigate accidents and incidents.
This document addresses systems engineering activities and provides requirements and recommendations
for security engineering. This document establishes a common reference for the space sector to work to
manage the systems engineering issues related to cybersecurity for all space products, services and projects.
This document doesn't describe in detail the systems engineering processes or related project management
processes, or detailed requirements or processes for cybersecurity.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 10795, Space systems — Programme management and quality — Vocabulary
ISO 14300-1, Space systems — Programme management — Part 1: Structuring of a project
ISO 14300-2, Space systems — Programme management — Part 2: Product assurance
ISO 17666, Space systems — Risk management
ISO 18676, Space systems — Guidelines for the management of systems engineering
ISO/IEC 27000, Information technology — Security techniques — Information security management systems —
Overview and vocabulary
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 10795, ISO/IEC 27000 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1.1
cybersecurity
state where information and systems are protected from unauthorized activities, such as access, use,
disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction to a degree that the related risks to violation of
confidentiality, integrity, and availability are maintained at an acceptable level throughout the life cycle
[SOURCE: IEC 81001-5-1:2021, 3.30]
3.1.2
systems engineering
transdisciplinary and integrative approach to enable the successful realization, use, and retirement of engineered
systems using systems principles and concepts and scientific, technological and management methods
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2023, 3.50]
3.2 Abbreviated terms
COTS commercial off-the-shelf
GOTS government off-the-shelf
MOTS modified off-the-shelf
PA product assurance
SE systems engineering
STAMP system-theoretic accident model and processes
STPA system theoretic process analysis
4 Cybersecurity overview
4.1 General
This clause contextualizes the importance of space systems cybersecurity related to mission/programme or
project, and in relation to project management and to systems engineering activities.
4.2 Mission, programme and project
The space systems cybersecurity shall be considered within the frame of the mission of the related space
system and within the frame of the management of the related programme or project with the overall
objective of optimizing performance, costs and schedules and of minimizing the risks.
This is an integral element of any programme or project; and it is particularly important due to the following:
— specific environmental conditions in space;
— need for a high level of performance;
— limited number of models;
— limited access to the product during operations;
— quasi-impossibility of making repairs in the case of failure during flight;
— associated high costs involved.
4.3 Project management
a) Within the frame of the space project management and in response to the project management
specification
...