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Ref. No.: 180/ R 176 - 1961 (E)
IS0
I NT ERN AT I O NA L
O RG A N IZATl O N FO R STA N D A R D I Z AT1 ON
IS0 RECOMMENDATION
R 176
PLASTICS
DETERMINATION OF THE LOSS OF PLASTICIZERS
BY THE ACTIVATED CARBON METHOD
1st EO IT1 ON
February 1961
COPYRIGHT RESERVED
The copyright of IS0 Recommendations and IS0 Standards
belongs to IS0 Member Bodies. Reproduction of these
documents, in any country, may be authorized therefore only
by the national standards organization of that country, being
a member of ISO.
For each individual country the only valid standard is the national standard of that country.
Printed in Switzerland
Also issued in French and Russian. Copies to be obtained through the national standards organizations.
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BRIEF HISTORY
The IS0 Recommendation R 176, Determination of the Loss of Plasticizers by
the Activated Carbon Method, was drawn up by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61,
Plastics, the Secretariat of which is held by the American Standards Association,
Incorporated (ASA).
Work on this matter which the Technical Committee had begun since 1954, came to
an end in 1956, with the adoption of a proposal as a Draft IS0 Recommendation.
On 28 November 1958, the Draft IS0 Recommendation (No. 191) was distributed to
all the IS0 Member Bodies and was approved, subject to some editorial amendments, by
O
the following Member Bodies :
Australia
India Spain
Austria Israel Sweden
Belgium Italy Switzerland
Bulgaria Japan Turkey
Burma Netherlands United Kingdom
Czechoslovakia Poland U.S.A.
Germany Portugal U.S.S.R.
Hungary Romania
One Member Body opposed the approval of the Draft: France.
IS0
The Draft IS0 Recommendation was then submitted by correspondence to the
Council, which decided, in February 1961, to accept it as an IS0 RECOMMENDATION
G
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IS0 / R 176 - I961 (E)
IS0 Recommendation R 176
February 1961
PLASTICS
DETERMINATION OF THE LOSS OF PLASTICIZERS
BY THE ACTIVATED CARBON METHOD
1. SCOPE
1.1 This method of test covers, in general, a procedure for the quantitative determination of
the loss from a plastic mategial under defined conditions of time and temperature, in the
presence of activated carbon.
1.2 This method of test is used,, in particular, for the quantitative determination of the loss
on heating of plasticizers from plasticized plastics materials.
2. SIGNIFICANCE OF TEST
2.1 This is an empirical test method, only suitable for a rather rapid comparison of the losses
of plasticizers or, in general, of volatile compounds, from different plastics. This com-
parison is possible only if the test specimens are of the same thickness.
2.2 This method may be employed also for the comparison of different types of plasticizers;
in this case standard compounds should be prepared, on the basis of well determined
resins, in well defined ratios.
2.3 In the cases when it can be assumed that, after reconditioning, the moisture content re-
gained by the specimens is equal to the initial one, the effect of moisture may be considered
negligible.
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IS0 / R 176 - I961 (E)
3. APPARATUS AND MATERIALS
3.1 Balance : accurate analytical balance, to weigh to 0.001 g.
3.2 Micrometer for measuring to 0.01 mm.
3.3
Thermostatical bath or oven, capable Qf maintaining the temperature to within f 1 "C of
the test temperature, in the range of 50 to 150 OC.
3.4
Containers: Metal cans, in cylindrical form, about 100 mm in diameter and 120 mm in
height provided with non-air-tight cover; a lid with a small vent hole of 3 mm in diameter
may be suitable.
Metal cages constructed from approximately 30 mesh bronze gauze (about 100 mesh per
3.5
square centimetre), in cylindrical form, having diameter of 60 mm and height of 6 mm,
formed by soldering a strip of the gauze at right angles to the periphery of a disk of bronze
gauze; one of the bases acts as a lid.
Activated carbon, with a $rain size of about 4 to 6 mm, free from powder. The carbon
3.6
should be of a well determined type and grade, in order to obtain concordant results (see
Appendix).
Before use, the carbon should be sieved and dried to constant mass at 70 OC, preferably
under vacuum, and then stored in an air-tight container. Use fresh material for each test.
4. TEST SPECIMENS
The test specimens should be in the form of a disk 50 rt 1 mm in diameter and f 0.1 mm
4.1
in thickness.
4.2 The test specimens are cut with a special die from a 1 mm thick sheet, obtained by com-
pression moulding of one or more layers of the material to be tested or from the sheets
prepared on the mixer, when the material is in granules or in powder form, employing as
a mould a convenient frame and bright steel plat
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