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I N TER N AT1 O N A L ORGAN IZATl ON FOR STA N DAR D IZAT I ON
IS0 RECOMMEN
DATION
R 175
PLASTICS
DETERMINATION OF THE RESISTANCE OF PLASTICS
TO CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES
1st EDIT I ON
February 1961
COPYRIGHT RESERVED
The copyright of IS0 Recommendations and IS0 Standards
belongs to IS0 Member Bodies. Reproduction of these
documents, in any country, may be authorized therefore only
being
by the national standards organization of that country,
a member of ISO.
For each individual country the only valid standard is the national standard of that country.
Printed in Switzerland
Also issued in French and Russian. Copies to be obtained through the national standards organizations.
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BRIEF HISTORY
The IS0 Recommendation R 175, Determination of the Resistance ofPlastics to Chemical
Substances, was drawn up by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, the Secretariat of
which is held by the American Standards Association, Incorporated (ASA).
Work on this matter which the Technical Committee had begun since 1954, came to
an end in 1956, with the adoption of a proposal as a Draft IS0 Recommendation.
On 28 November 1958, the Draft IS0 Recommendation (No. 190) was distributed to
all the IS0 Member Bodies and was approved, subject to some editorial amendments, by
the following Member Bodies: O
Australia Israel Sweden
Italy Switzerland
Bulgaria
Japan Turkey
Burma
Czechoslovakia Netherlands United Kingdom
France Poland U.S.A.
Portugal U.S.S.R.
Germany
Romania
Hungary
Spain
India
Two Member Bodies opposed the approval of the Draft:
Austria, Belgium.
The Draft IS0 Recommendation was then submitted by correspondence to the IS0
Council, which decided, in February 1961, to accept it as an IS0 RECOMMENDATION.
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IS0 / R 175 - 1981 (E)
IS0 Recommendation R 175 February 1961
PLAS TICS
DETERMINATION OF THE RESISTANCE OF PLASTICS
TO CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES
1. SCOPE
1.1
This IS0 Recommendation describes the procedure for measuring the change of weight and
dimensions of plastics after immersion in chemical substances.
This method of test is intended for the testing of all organic plastics materials, such as cast,
extruded, calendered, moulded, laminated products, both flexible and rigid, sheet, rod and
tube materials with thickness not less than 0.1 mm.
1. This method is suitable, in particular, for the determination of the loss of plasticizers and
other extractable components from plastics, after immersion in volatile chemicals.
2. SIGNIF'ICANCE OF TEST
2.1 This is an empirical test method, only suitable for the comparison of different plastics
after immersion in chemical substances, in liquid form or in solution.
2.2 The choice of the reagents, of the temperature and of the duration of tests is necessarily
arbitrary; the list of reagents reported below should serve primarily as a guide to investi-
gators wishing to compare dhe relative resistance to chemicals of various plastics and to
have a first assessment of their behaviour in respect of certain groups of chemical substances.
2.3 In order to have a more accurate knowledge about the behaviour of a particular plastic
material in a practical application, it will be necessary to fit to this special need the particular
reagents and concentrations employed, the duration and the temperature of the test and
any other experimental factor.
3. APPARATUS
The apparatus consists of the following:
3.1 Balance, to weigh to 1 mg. A balance to weigh to 0.1 mg, for weighing specimens of less
1 g. I
than
Micrometers, for measuring to 0.01 mm.
3.2
3.3 Containers. Jars or beakers; the dimensions should be proportionate to the specimens;
one container should be provided for each specimen.
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ISO/ R 175 - 1961 (E)
4. TEST SPECIMENS
Test specimens, according to the material from which they will be obtained, should have following
forms and dimensions :
4.1 From moulding materials. The specimen should be in the form of a disk, 50 f 1 mm in
diameter and 3 f 0.2 mm in thickness and should be moulded to shape under the conditions
recommended by the manufacturer of the material (or under the conditions given in the
relevant specification for the material).
4.2 From extrusion compounds. The specimen should be in the form of a disk, 50 f 1 mm in
diameter and 3f0.2 mm in thickness and should be cut from a moulded sheet prepared
under the conditions recommended by the manufacturer (or under the conditions given in
the relevant specification for the material).
4.3 From sheets. The specimen should be cut from the sheet in the form of a square of side
50 f 1 mm, its thickness being the thickness of the sheet. Thecut edges should be smoothed.
4.4 From rods. The specimen should be 50 f 1 mm long for rods up to a maximum linear
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dimension of the cross section of 50 mm. For larger rods, a specimen should be machined,
which does not exceed the dimension of 50 mm in any direction. Cut surfaces should be
smooth.
4.5 From tubes. The specimen should be 50 f 1 mm long for tubes up to a maximuni linear
dimension of the cross sect2on of 50 mm. For larger tubes, a specimen 50 f 1 mm long and
50 f 1 mm wide should be cut from the wall of the tube; if the wall thickness exceeds
50 mm, it should be reduced to approximately 50 mm.
Comparison of values is possible, however, only when test specimens of identical dimensions
are used.
5. CONDITIONING
The test specimens should be conditioned according to the relevant IS0 Recommendation *.
6. PROCEDURE
6.1 At least two specimens of each kind of material should be tested. Each specimen should
be weighed, after conditioning, to the nearest 0.001 g. The thickness of each specimen at
the center and the linear dimensions (length and width or two diameters at right angle)
should be measured to the nearest 0.01 mm.
Place each specimen in a separate container, totally immersed in the reagent (in such a
6.2
position that it will be completely surrounded by the liquid).
Rigid specimens may be placed on edge, so that they are supported at an angle by the
bottom and side wall of the container. Nonrigid specimens, such as plasticized vinyl films
and the like, shall be suspended freely in the liquid, in a vertical position; in some cases,
it may be necessary to attach to them small weights, if the density of the liquid is high.
* The IS0 Recommendation relating to standard atmospheres for conditioning and testhg plastics materials is being prepared.
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