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IS0
I NT ERN AT1 O N A L O RG A N 12 AT I O N FO R STA N DA RD IZ AT I O N
IS0 RECOMMENDATION
R 616
DETERMINATION OF THE SHATTER INDICES OF COKE
1st EDITION
September 1967
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COPYRIGHT RESERVED
The copyright of IS0 Recommendations and IS0 Standards
belongs to IS0 Member Bodies. Reproduction of these
documents, in any country, may be authorized therefore only
by the national standards organization of that country, being
a member of ISO.
For each individual country the only valid standard is the national standard of that country.
Printed in Switzerland
Also issued in French and Russian. Copies to be obtained through the national standards organizations.
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BRIEF HISTORY
The IS0 Recommendation R 616, Determination of the Shatter Indices of Coke, was drawn
up by Technical Committee ISO/TC 27, Solid Mineral Fuels, the Secretariat of which is held by
the British Standards Institution (BSI).
Work on this question by the Technical Committee began in 1955 and led, in 1962, to the
adoption of a Draft IS0 Recommendation.
In June 1963, this Draft IS0 Recommendation (No. 572) was circulated to all the IS0
Member Bodies for enquiry. It was approved, subject to a few modifications of an editorial
nature, by the following Member Bodies:
Argentina India Spain
Australia Iran Switzerland
Austria Italy Turkey
Belgium
Netherlands United Kingdom
Canada New Zealand U.S.S.R.
Chile Poland Yugoslavia
Czechoslovakia Portugal
Denmark
Romania
Three Member Bodies opposed the approval of the Draft:
France
Germany
Republic of South Africa
The Draft IS0 Recommendation was then submitted by correspondence to the IS0
Council, which decided, in September 1967, to accept it as an IS0 RECOMMENDATION.
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m
IÇO/R 616 - 1967 (E)
IS0 Recommendation R 616 September 1967
DETERMINATION OF THE SHATTER INDICES OF COKE
1. SCOPE
This IS0 Recommendation describes the method of determining the strength of coke by the
shatter test.
2. PRINCIPLE
A representative sample of the coke above a certain specified size is dropped under standard con-
ditions, the resistance to breakage being measured by the percentage of the coke which remains on
sieves of different sizes after the test, or by a mathematical expression of these values.
3. APPARATUS
Shatter test apparatus (see Fig. 1, page 4), mounted on a concrete base. It consists of the
3.1
following parts (see Note below).
NOTE. - In this test inch dimensions are conventional, because it has been developed and mainly used in
inch-using countries. These dimensions are given first and rounded metric equivalents are added for infor-
mation.
3.1.1 Box. The box is 28 in (71 cm) long, 18 in (46 cm) wide and 15 in (38 cm) deep. It is
supported by pulleys and wire ropes so that the inside of the bottom is exactly 6 ft
(183 cm) above the base plate when the coke is dropped.
The bottom of the box consists of two doors, hinged lengthwise and provided with a
latch for rapid opening. The doors are of 1/4 in (6 mm) plate and swing open rapidly
so as not to impede the fall of the coke. A suitable form of latch, which prevents
movement of the box on lifting the latch, is illustrated in Figure 1, page 4.
The sides of the box are made of plate at least lis in (3 mm) thick. Guides, fastened
to the end plates of the box, engage with the main vertical side supports of the apparatus
which are fastened to the side plates surrounding the base plate.
Buse plate. It is essential that the base plate should be rigid; a steel plate not less than
3.1.2
liZ in (13 mm) thick, 48 in (122 cm) long and 38 in (97 cm) wide is suitable. Plates at
least 8 in (20 cm) high and in (10 mm) thick are fitted on all sides to prevent loss of
coke during the test. The back plate (see Note below) and side plates are rigidly fixed
and the front plate is removable so as to facilitate shovelling the coke from the base
plate into the box after each drop; for convenience, it may be hinged and fitted with
latches.
Rigidity of the base plate is ensured by one of the following two methods, of which the
first is the simpler:
(U) The base plate is supported solidly on concrete, and the side and back plates and the
vertical supports are welded to it.
(6) The base plate is suspended above the ground, andis welded or riveted to a lower
framework of 3 in x 3 in x in (8 cm x 8 cm x 10 mm) angle-iron; the side and
back plates are welded or riveted to this framework and also to a vertical piece of
angle-iron at each of the two back corners.
NOTE. -The orientation of the “front” and “back” of the apparatus is defined by having the counter-
weight on the right-hand side.
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ISO/R 616 - 1967 (E)
Dimensions in inches
Single sheave Double sheave (corresponding dimensions in
centimetres in brackets)
L
Guide
channel
7
-1
i I
I
i
48
38
I
c
f 722)
S
Front elevation
Side elevation
FIG. 1. - Apparatus for determination of shatter indices.
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ISO/R 616 - 1967 (E)
3.1.3 Framework
(a) Vertical supports and box guides. The main vertical supports are fastened to the
outside of the side plates of the base plate, and also to a top plate supporting the
pulleys from which the box is suspended. The vertical supports are kept outside the
base plate to facilitate shovelling the coke after each drop. If the plate is supported
on a framework of angle-iron, the vertical supports should be riveted or welded to
the angle-iron to assist rigidity. Guides, approximately 10 in (25 cm) long, are
fitted to the end plates of the box to engage with the main vertical supports.
Each vertical support may be built up in either of two ways, as follows. In one type,
each vertical support consists of a T-section 6 in (15 cm) wide with a 2 in (6 cm)
web, in which case the box guides are double to run on either side of the web of the
T-section, the web of which is removed where it is fastened to the side plate of the
base plate. Alternatively, the vertical support consists of two 3 in x 3 in (8 cm Y,
8 cm) angles set 1/2 in (13 mm) apart so that a 1/4 in (6 mm) guide plate from the
box can move in the slot between the two angles.
(6) Top plate and counterweights. The top plate is 6 to 8 in (1 5 to 20 cm) wide and in
(6 mm) thick; it supports two pulleys, from which the box is suspended by two wire
ropes fastened to the box guides near the side supports, so as to interfere as little as
possible with the reloading of the box after each drop (see Note below). A counter-
weight is suspended from the other ends of the two wire ropes, so that a double
pulley is necessary at the right-hand end and a single pulley at the left-hand end. The
counterweight consists of a fixed weight, of mass equal to that of the box, and two
28 lb (12 1/2 kg) removable weights which are slotted on to a rod which passes
through the centre of the fixed weight.
NOTE. - Central suspension of the box is not advised because of the interference with the reloading
operation.
(c) Box stops. Stops are fitted to ensure that the inside of the bottom of the box is
exactly 6 ft (183 cm) from the base plate when the box is raised and to prevent the
box falling onto the coke when the box is lowered. A convenient distance between
the bottom of the box and the base plate for reloading is 18 in (46 cm).
These stops may consist of plates filling the slot between the double angles, when
these are used as the main vertical support. Alternatively, when the side supports
consist of T-sections, the distance piece fixing the width of the slot between the
double guides may be extended vertically to form a stop with the top plate; the stop
to prevent the box falling on the coke is fixed on the web of the section.
3.2 Sieves *. The sieve plates are machine-stamped from mild steel plate with parallel rows of
square apertures (see Note below). The sieve plates are made 2 ft (61 cm) square and
supplied with 3/4 in (19 mm) hardwood sides screwed to the plates and armoured with
horizontal angle plates to prevent wear (see Fig. 2, page 6). The details of the sieves are
given in Table 1. For foundry cokes, single apertures of a larger size may also be required.
NOTE. - Woven wire screens may be used, provided that they are known to give the same results as the
recommended plate sieves to within the appropriate tolerance.
* The sieve plate thicknesses, wear tolerance and other details specified are to be reviewed after consultation with
Technical Committee ISO/TC 24, Sieves, Sieving and Other Siring Methods.
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IÇO/R 616 - 1967 (E)
FIG. 2. - Detail of sieve for determination of shatter indices.
TABLE 1. - Details of sieves used for size analysis and shatter test of coke.
Depth of side frame
Aperture (square) Thickness of plate Width of bridge Number Of apertures
per side
3
3
5 127
I16
3
4 102 4
I16
3 76 6 127
'Is
5 ~
7
64 4 j 102
2 '12 'Is
9 4 ' 102
2 51
'Is
12 4 , 102
38
1 '12 'Is
1 25 18 3 76
'Is
13 30
'12 'Is
~ 76
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ISO/R 616 - 1967 (E)
3.3 Containers. A suitable container of 2 ft3 (57 litres) capacity, made of 0.06 in (1.5 mm)
25 kg of shattered coke, is illustrated in Figure 3. A smaller con-
galvanized sheet, to hold
tainer of 0.6 ft3 (17 litres) capacity, made of the same material, is also illustrated in Figure 3;
this is suitable for holding separate single fractions in the size analysis if a good concrete
floor is not available. A set of 3 large and 3 small containers is convenient. Each con-
tainer should have its approximate mass marked on it, the actual mass being check
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