|
llD('669.14 : 625.2-254.6
IS0
I NTERN AT1 ON A L O RG A N IZATl O N FOR STANDARDIZATION
IS0 RECOMMENDATION
R 1005/VI
RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK MATERIAL
SOLID WHEELS FOR TRAILER STOCK
1st EDITION
May 1969
COPYRIGHT RESERVED
The coFyright of IS0 Recommendations and IS0 Standards
belongs to IS0 Member Bodies. Reproduction of these
documents, in any country, may be authorized therefore only
of that country, being
by the national standards organization
a member of EO.
For each individual country the only valid standard is the national standard of that country.
Printed in Switzerland
Also issued in French and Russian. Copies to be obtained through the national standards organizations.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
BRIEF HISTORY
The IS0 Recomniendation K 1005iV1, Koilway rolling stock material ~ Solid wheels for truiler stoc,k, was
drawn up by Technical Committee lSO/ï.(' 17, Steel, the Secretariat of which is held by the Hritish Standards
Institution (BSI).
Work on this question led to the adoption ofa Draft IS0 Recommendation based on a corresponding [!l(~*
code.
In January 1968. this Draft IS0 Keconimendation (No. 1380) was circulated to all the IS0 Member Ihdies . -
for enquiry. It was approved. subject to a few modifications of an editorial nature, by the following Meinber
Hodies :
Austria Hungary South Africa, Rep. of
Belgium India
Spain
Canada Israel Sweden
Colombia Italy Swit/erland
CLechoslovakia Netherlands Turkey
Denmark New Zealand I1.A.K.
Fin land Norway Ilri i te d K ingdoin
France Poland Yugoslavia
Germany Romania
One Member Body opposed the approval of the Draft
Japan
The Draft IS0 Recornmendation was then submitted by correspondence to the IS0 Council. which de~idrd.
in May lYh9, to accept it as an IS0 RECOMMENDATION.
*
Union Internationale des Chemins de fer (International Union of Railways).
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/R iOOS/Vl-lY6Y (E)
IS0 Recommendation R 1005/VI May 1969
RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK MATERIAL
SOLID WHEELS FOR TRAILER STOCK
1. SCOPE'
This IS0 Recommendation applies to the riianufactiire of solid rolled unalloyed steel wheels for trailer stock.
as-rolled. rough-irinchineù. half-fiiiished or fully finished.*
7. CI ASS11 ICA1 IO\
1111s IYO Keconimendatiori covers two classes of solid rolled unalloyed steel wheels
class BV 1
class HV 2
3. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
Solid wheels for trailer stock should he iiianufactured from non-alloy steel** of the following chemical
purity :
phosphorus < 0.05 O/'
sulphur < 0.05 'lo
phosphorus 1- sulphur G 0.09
* The terms in question 2 defined as follows :
As-rollcd. A wheel obtained hy hot-working arid which, having to be subsequently machined, has not yet undergone any
(U)
machining whatsoever.
Hough-rnuchiriod. A wheel having received iiu final machining, but having heen rough-machined on all or certain portions.
(b)
which have tu be machined.
ffa1):finished. A wheel haviiig received final machining on certain portions which have to be machined.
(c)
Fullt finished. A wheel in which all portions having to be machined have undergone their final machining.
(d)
** bor this steel, the Loiitent i>f elemrnts other than carbon should not exceed the following limits :
manganese . 1.20 "i, molybdenum. . 0.05 oh
..........
silicon 0.5 O "1, vanadium . 0.05 "I,
nickel . 0.30 copper . 0.3O"L
chromium . 0.30 'lo
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/R 1005/VI-1969 (t-)
4. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Tensile strength R,
4. I
The tensile strength of the solid wheels should be as follows :
class BV 1 : between 60 and 72 kgf/mm2 ;
class BV 2 : between 70 and 84 kgf/nim2.
Narrower ranges coming wittiiii the limits shown above may be used if indicated on the order.
4.2 Coefficient of quality c'
The coefficient of quality (defined in Table 1, below) should be as follows :
on a test piece having a
wheels which have not been normalized : C 2 95 with A 2 8
gauge length Lo = 5.65 a-, for class BV 2;
normalized wheels : C > 10')
TAüLb I Coefficient of quality C
c
R,, 4 2.5 A
8.166
lim + ?.:A
5.65 G*
R, +2A
4Jso
*
I his formula should preferably be adopted.
'1 he other formulae are retained provisionally.
where
is the gauge length used to measure the elongation after fracture. expressed in millinietres:
Lo
is the cross-sectional area of the gauge length of the test piece. expresseu in squarc iiiilli-
So
met res ;
is the tensile strength, expressed in kilogrammes-force per sqiiare millimetre;
R,
A is the percentage elongation after fracture.
4.3 Resistance to impact
The wheel should be able to withstand consecutive blows which cause a permanent deflection of at
least 10 of the radial length of the web, without incurring flaws, cracking or breaking.
4.4 Notched bar impact strength KCU
(Applicable only where the wheels are in the normalized condition)
The notched bar impact strength should be as follows :
class BV 1 : KCU at + 20 "C Z 3 kgf.m/cm*;
class BV 2 : KCU at + 20 "C Z 2 kgf.in/ciii*.
4.5 Brinell hardness
The difference between the extreme Brinell hardness values of wheels from the sanie cast should not
be more than 30 til3 units.
4
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
5. I Macrostructure and macrographic appearance
After ordinary polishing. the surtacc cxaniined should show 110 sign ut aiiy pipiii~ or discoiitiiiuily
The sulphur print obtained should not reveal worse faults than those sliowii in the prints coritaincd iii
the albuin foriiiirig an Annex to this IS0 Kecoiiiineridatioii.
5.2 Soundness and appearance
The \+ heels should I)c \oiiiid ttii-oiighoiit and without cracks. blow-holes. inclusions. flaws. burrs. lack
of trietal. laps, or any other deièct detrii!iciital to their use.
The texture shoiild be of a firic. lose striictiire, with no discontinuities or traces of foreign niattcr
l'lie portioiis reiiiaiiiirig black sliviild bç perfectly trininied without trace oi' diejoint or other detect
liable to iriipair ttiç :ippearaiiic or LM ot the uheels.
I Iic ihiisli of tlie iriachiried siirfac.es shoiild comply with the indications given on the drawing or
coiiip;Lrisuii specimens.
5.3 Static balance
(To be wit ied only oii li,ilt-liiiihù or fully iiriislied wheels tor which onlv the iougti-mdcliirizd bore
rernLiiri\ to be brought io tlic. ~iii~l diiiierisiori.)
I
I
'I he oiit-of-balance of the wlid wlieels sliuuld be capable of correction by a b.tlitiice weight aitactied
to the wheel at a distance of 51 11) iiiiii iioni the centre and having a niaxiniuni iri~lsx of 250 g*.
*
For certain vehicles, the order can \tipulate a lower liinit for the maxiinurn out-ot-baiance.
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO/R 1005/VI-1969 (E)
6. DIMENSIONAL CHARACTERISTICS
Solid wheels should be manufactured in accordance with the information given on the standards or drawings
relating to the shape, dimensions and dimensional tolerances.
Unless otherwise indicated, the machining allowances and tolerances should be those given in the following
tables :
TABLE 2 ~ Machining allowances and dimensional tolerances
General cases
Allowances and tolerances in millimetres
Fully
Rough-machined
Unmachined parts inished
Parts
parts
Machining Tolerances
allowances Machining
n the event n the event When itlowances
f subsequen f subsequent maintained (when
olerances
Tolerances
machining machining in ready
on the on the the for
:onsignee’s 2onsignee.s black delivery)
premises premises condi tion
-
+ 12
~
External diameter . 8
O
+8
-
Width . 8
O
O O
tim + Internal diameter. . 6
- 10 -8
~ ~
Out-of-round . 3
s shown
~ ~
Buckle . 3
on the
\
irawing
+ 20 + 15
External diameter 10
O O
Maximum eccentricity . . 5 5
iub {
O
-
Internal diameter . 20
- 20
+ 10
Length . 15
O
1
-
Positionofthe web . 4 5 -
Thickness at the connection
Veb
+6 +8 +2
with the rim . 8
O O O
i
Thickness at the connection
+8 + 10 +I
..... 10
0 O O
*
See IS0 Uecommendation U 1 OOS/II , Railway rolling stork material ~ Rough tyres for trailer stock - Dimensions and rulrmnces.
6-
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO/R 1005/VI-1%9 (E)
TABLE 3 - Machining allowances and dimensional tolerances
Special case of solid wheels on vehicles running at high speeds
illowances and tolerance 1 mihrnetrc
FuUy
Rough-machined
Unmachined parts finished
parts
parts
Machining Tolerances
allowances Machining
allowances
h the event n the event When
If subsequeni f subsequen naintained (when
Tolerances Tolerances
machining machining in ready
for
on the on the the
delivery)
consignee’s :onsignee’s black
premises premises condition
+8
~
[External diameter . 8
O
+8
-
Width . 8
O
O
O
Internal diameter. . 6
-6 -8
- -
Out-of-round . 3
IS shown
- -
Buckle . 3 on the
drawing
+ 10 + 15
External diameter 10
O O
-
. . 5 5
Maximum eccentricity
Hub {
O
-
Internal diameter. . 20
- 20
+ 10
-~
Width . 15
O
-
Positionof the web . 4 5 2
Thickness at the connection
Neb +4 +8 +2
withthe rim . 6
O O O
Thickness at the connection
+2
+6 + 10
..... 8
O O O
-7-
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO/R I O05/V1-1969 (E)
7. IDENTIFYING MARKS
Each wheel should be stamped with the marks defined in the standards or drawings. and in particular with:
the number of the cast;
the manufacturer’s marks ;
if applicable, the consecutive number of the wheel ;
the number of the month and the last two figures of the year of manufacture ;
the class of steel (BV 1 or BV 2).
l?,YUtFlp/C‘ 2370 ~- XY 21352 2.69 ~~ Hv 1.
These identifying marks should be hot-stamped, immediately after forging or rolling, at 3 or 4 mm depth, using
stamps with blunt edges, in the position indicated on the drawing or the order.
Cold-stamping on a machined surface of the hub can also be carried out in the other cases, provided the purchaser
agrees.
Next to the identifying marks, a circular recess 20 mm in diameter should be made to a depth of 2 mm, for the
purpose of accommodating the accepting inspector’s stamp.
I
I 8. STEELMAKING PROCESS
The solid wheels should be made from steel produced by the open hearth or electric processes. The purchaser
may. however, allow other processes which he considers equivalent.
9. MANUFACTURE OF THE SOLID WHEELS
The solid wheels should be manufactured from cropped ingots.
Individual ingots, of special shape and uncut, may only be used with the formal agreement of the purchaser
on the order.
The cropping of ingots and blooms should be sufficient to eliminate all defective parts at the top and bottom
of the ingot.
Surface flaws observed on the ingot sections should be removed or, if this is not possible, the defective sections
should be discarded.
The ingot sections should be forged, punched and rough-shaped by means of a power hammer or a press; they
should be finished by rolling.
During re-heating before hot working, and during hot working itself, the temperature of the ingot sections or of
rough wheels should never exceed 1250 OC.
Rolling should be completed at a temperature between 850 and 1000 OC.
After forming, rolling. gauging (if applicable) and stamping, the wheels should
~ in general, be left to cool to ambient temperature sheltered from draughts. preferably in a covered
cooling pit or under a cover, especially in the case of class HV 2 steel;
~ ~ if specified on the order, or if required by the manufacturer, be normalized* after having been allowed
to cool without special precautions being taken.
The normalizing of a cast can also be carried out by mutual agreement between the manufacturer and the
purchaser, for the purpose of improving unsatisfactory mecha
...