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TECHNICAL REPORT
Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM);
Feasibility study for evolved
GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN)
(3GPP TR 45.912 version 15.0.0 Release 15)
R
GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR
MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS
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3GPP TR 45.912 version 15.0.0 Release 15 1 ETSI TR 145 912 V15.0.0 (2018-07)
Reference
RTR/TSGR-0645912vf00
Keywords
GSM
ETSI
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ETSI
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3GPP TR 45.912 version 15.0.0 Release 15 2 ETSI TR 145 912 V15.0.0 (2018-07)
Contents
Introduction . 16
1 Scope . 17
2 References . 17
3 Abbreviations . 17
4 Objectives . 18
4.1 General . 18
4.2 Performance objectives . 18
4.3 Compatibility objectives . 19
5 Conclusions and recommendations . 20
5.1 Conclusions and recommendations for Downlink . 22
5.2 Conclusions and recommendations for Uplink . 23
5.3 Conclusions and recommendations for Latency enhancements . 23
6 Mobile station receiver diversity . 23
6.1 Introduction . 23
6.2 Concept description . 23
6.3 Modelling Assumptions and Requirements . 23
6.3.1 Spatial Modelling . 24
6.3.2 Single input - dual output channel model . 26
6.3.3 Multiple interferer model . 27
6.3.4 Channel Model Parameters . 28
6.3.4.1 Measurement results on Antenna Correlation . 29
6.3.4.1.1 Indoor, Pedestrian Speed. No repeater . 29
6.3.4.1.2 Indoor, Pedestrian Speed. With repeater . 30
6.3.4.1.3 Outdoor (highway) . 31
6.3.4.2 Literature Survey . 32
6.3.4.2.1 Envelope correlation . 32
6.3.4.2.2 Spatial diversity . 32
6.3.4.2.3 Polarization diversity . 33
6.3.4.2.4 Antenna pattern diversity. 33
6.3.4.2.5 Mean branch power imbalance . 33
6.3.4.3 Results from measurements at Ericsson Research . 33
6.3.4.3.1 Envelope correlation . 33
6.3.4.3.2 Mean branch power imbalance . 33
6.3.4.4 Results From Simulations . 33
6.3.4.4.1 Impact of branch correlation . 34
6.3.4.4.2 Impact of branch power imbalance. 34
6.3.4.4.3 Phase offset . 35
6.3.4.4.4 Impact of Antenna correlation Factors in desired and interfering branches . 38
6.3.4.5 Discussion . 40
6.3.4.6 Parameter Selection . 40
6.4 Performance Characterization . 40
6.4.1 Link Level Performance . 40
6.4.1.1 SAIC GERAN Configurations . 40
6.4.1.1.1 GMSK BER . 41
6.4.1.1.2 8-PSK BER . 42
6.4.1.1.3 AMR FER. 43
6.4.1.1.4 GPRS BLER . 45
6.4.1.1.5 EGPRS BLER . 45
6.4.1.1.6 EGPRS Throughput . 47
6.4.1.2 DARP Test Scenarios (DTS). 47
6.4.1.3 Sensitivity . 50
6.4.2 System level Performance . 51
6.4.2.1 Voice Capacity . 51
6.4.2.1.1 Link to System Mapping . 52
6.4.2.2 Mixed Voice and HTTP traffic . 54
ETSI
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3GPP TR 45.912 version 15.0.0 Release 15 3 ETSI TR 145 912 V15.0.0 (2018-07)
6.5 Impacts to the Mobile Station. 57
6.6 Impacts to the BSS . 58
6.7 Impacts to the Core Network . 58
6.8 Impacts to the Specification . 58
6.9 References . 58
7 Dual-carrier and multi-carrier . 59
7.1 Introduction . 59
7.2 Concept description . 60
7.2.1 Basic concept . 60
7.3 Modelling assumptions and requirements . 60
7.4 Performance characterization . 60
7.4.1 Peak data rates . 60
7.4.2 Window size limited TCP throughput . 61
7.4.3 Error-limited TCP throughput. 61
7.4.3.1 Introduction . 61
7.4.3.2 TCP modelling . 61
7.4.3.3 Multi-carrier GERAN modelling . 62
7.4.3.4 Results . 62
7.5 Impacts to protocol architecture . 63
7.5.1 Physical Layer . 63
7.5.1.1 Modulation, multiplexing, and radio transmission . 63
7.5.1.2 Channel coding . 63
7.5.1.3 Mobile capabilities . 63
7.5.1.4 Channel quality measurements . 63
7.5.2 RLC/MAC . 64
7.5.2.1 Multiplexing with legacy MSs . 64
7.5.2.2 Multiplexing data on multiple carriers . 64
7.5.2.2.1 Simultaneous transmission over multiple carriers . 64
7.5.2.2.2 Time-divided transmission over multiple carriers . 64
7.5.2.3 Segmentation / reassembly . 64
7.5.2.4 RLC window size . 64
7.5.2.5 Incremental redundancy . 65
7.5.2.6 Link adaptation . 65
7.5.2.7 Signalling . 65
7.5.3 Higher layers . 65
7.6 Downlink Dual Carrier . 65
7.6.1 Overall throughput considerations for dual carrier on the downlink . 65
7.6.2 Inter-carrier interleaving . 66
7.6.3 Dual-carrier diversity . 66
7.6.4 Adaptation between dual carrier and receive diversity . 66
7.6.5 Impacts to the mobile station . 66
7.6.5.1 Multiple narrowband receivers . 66
7.6.5.2 Wideband receiver . 67
7.6.5.2.1 Larger bandwidth. 67
7.6.5.2.2 Channel separation . 67
7.6.5.2.3 Blocking requirements . 67
7.6.5.3 Baseband . 68
7.7 Uplink Dual Carrier . 68
7.7.1 Concept description for dual carrier on the uplink . 68
7.7.2 Mobile Station Capabilities . 68
7.7.3 Increase in Peak Data Rate . 68
7.7.4 Decrease of Latency. 69
7.7.5 Impact on Cell Coverage . 69
7.7.6 Impacts to the mobile station . 69
7.7.6.1 RF Architecture options . 69
7.7.6.2 Evaluation of option A and option B (Taken from GP-060188) . 70
7.7.6.2.1 Combining loss . 70
7.7.6.2.2 Intermodulation (IM) . 70
7.7.6.2.3 Decreased efficiency due to reduced output power . 71
7.7.6.2.4 Peak power consumption . 71
7.7.6.3 Evaluation of option B (Taken from GP-052723) . 71
ETSI
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3GPP TR 45.912 version 15.0.0 Release 15 4 ETSI TR 145 912 V15.0.0 (2018-07)
7.7.6.3.1 PA and battery considerations . 72
7.7.6.3.2 Antenna considerations . 72
7.7.6.4 Evaluation of option C (Taken from GP-060609) . 73
7.7.6.4.1 Concept Description . 73
7.7.6.4.2 System Impacts . 73
7.7.6.4.3 Output Power . 73
7.7.6.4.4 Power Efficiency . 74
7.7.6.4.5 Coverage . 74
7.7.6.4.6 Frequency Planning, Frequency Hopping . 74
7.7.6.4.7 Intermodulation Interference . 74
7.7.6.5 Observations on the implementation options (Taken GP-060732) . 74
7.7.6.5.1 Base Station Architecture Impact . 77
7.7.6.5.2 Dual Carrier Interleaving and Constrained Dual Carrier Uplink . 77
7.7.6.5.3 System Frequency Re-Use Impact. 78
7.7.7 Impact of reduced MS power . 79
7.7.7.1 Introduction . 79
7.7.7.2 Simulation setup . 79
7.7.7.2.1 Network . 79
7.7.7.2.2 Dual-carrier Deployment . 80
7.7.7.2.3 Backoff . 80
7.7.7.3 Results . 81
7.7.7.3.1 Coverage limited network . 81
7.7.7.3.2 Interference limited network . 82
7.7.8 Modified Concept for Dual Carrier in the Uplink . 82
7.7.8.1 Introduction . 82
7.7.8.2 Modified Concept . 82
7.7.8.3 Intermodulation measurements . 84
7.7.8.3.1 Measurement setup . 84
7.7.8.3.2 Analysis of IM3 measurements . 85
7.7.8.3.3 Analysis of IM5 measurements . 87
7.7.8.3.4 Analysis of IM2 . 88
7.7.8.4 Dual carrier architecture with minimal single-carrier operation impact. 89
7.7.8.4.1 Introduction . 89
7.7.8.4.2 TX architecture . 89
7.7.8.4.3 Throughput in coverage limited scenario . 90
7.7.9 Discussion on Uplink Coverage. 91
7.7.9.1 Introduction . 91
7.7.9.2 Assumptions for power reductions and power consumption . 91
7.7.9.3 Receiver and Network model . 91
7.7.9.4 Results . 92
7.7.9.4.1 Cell border . 92
7.7.9.4.2 Median coverage . 92
7.7.10 Improvements for DTM and MBMS . 93
7.7.10.1 Assumptions . 93
7.7.10.2 Gains for DTM Multislot Capacity . 94
7.7.10.3 CS Connection setup while in packet transfer mode . 94
7.7.10.4 Gains for MBMS + CS . 95
7.7.11 Performance enhancing features . 96
7.7.11.1 Intercarrier Interleaving . 96
7.7.11.1.1 Introduction . 96
7.7.11.1.2 Link level gains by intercarrier interleaving . 96
7.7.11.2 Advanced Coding Schemes . 97
7.8 Impacts to the BSS . 98
7.9 Impacts to the Core Network . 98
7.10 Radio network planning aspects . 98
7.10.1 Analysis for Option C . 98
7.10.1.1 Introduction . 98
7.10.1.2 Legacy Frequency Planning .
...