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TECHNICAL REPORT
Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT);
DECT-2020 New Radio (NR) interface;
Study on Physical (PHY) layer
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2 ETSI TR 103 514 V1.1.1 (2018-07)
Reference
DTR/DECT-00315
Keywords
5G, DECT, MIMO, OFDMA, radio,
radio measurements
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3 ETSI TR 103 514 V1.1.1 (2018-07)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 5
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 References . 7
2.1 Normative references . 7
2.2 Informative references . 7
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 9
3.1 Definitions . 9
3.2 Symbols . 9
3.3 Abbreviations . 10
4 Introduction to DECT-2020 Use Cases and their Requirements . 11
4.1 Introduction . 11
4.2 Summary of Use Cases and Requirements . 13
4.3 Other Design Targets for DECT-2020 . 16
5 Methodology, initial sources, simulation tools and models . 16
5.1 Initial sources . 16
5.2 Simulation tools . 16
5.3 Channel Models . 16
5.4 Channel measurements . 17
6 Initial definition of DECT-2020: New Radio (NR) . 17
6.1 Introduction . 17
6.2 Design Choices . 18
6.3 Technical Proposal for DECT-2020 NR Physical (PHY) layer. 18
6.3.1 Back-compatibility considerations . 18
6.3.2 DECT-2020 NR Physical (PHY) layer overview . 19
6.3.2.1 Frame Structure and Time / Frequency Allocation . 19
6.3.2.2 PHL Packet Formats . 21
6.3.2.2.1 Standard Packet Types . 21
6.3.2.2.2 High-Efficiency (HE) Packet Types . 22
6.3.2.2.3 Packet Types for beacon and C/L downlink bearers . 25
6.3.2.2.4 Packet Types for Random Access Channels (RAC) and ULE bearers . 26
6.3.2.3 Transmitter Flow Diagram . 27
6.3.2.4 Encoding Process . 28
6.3.2.4.1 Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) . 28
6.3.2.5 Ultra-Reliable and Low-Latency Communications . 28
6.3.2.5.1 General . 28
6.3.2.5.2 Low-Latency Channel Access . 28
6.3.2.5.3 High-Reliability Link . 29
6.3.2.6 Basic DECT Voice Service (32 kbps) over DECT-2020 . 30
6.3.3 DECT-2020 NR Detailed Description . 31
6.3.3.1 Packet formats . 31
6.3.3.1.1 Overview . 31
6.3.3.1.2 Standard Packet parameters . 31
6.3.3.1.3 HE Packet parameters . 32
6.3.3.1.4 Beacon, RAC and ULE Packet Parameters . 34
6.3.3.2 Channel Bandwidth . 35
6.3.3.2.1 General . 35
6.3.3.2.2 Full-carrier Transmission . 36
6.3.3.2.3 Multiple-carrier Transmission . 36
ETSI
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4 ETSI TR 103 514 V1.1.1 (2018-07)
6.3.3.2.4 Half-carrier Transmission . 36
6.3.3.3 Transmitter Specification . 36
6.3.3.3.1 Spectrum Mask . 36
6.3.3.3.2 Spectral Flatness . 37
6.3.3.3.3 Carrier Frequency and Symbol Clock Frequency Tolerance . 37
6.3.3.3.4 Modulation Accuracy . 37
6.3.3.3.5 Time of Departure Accuracy . 37
6.3.3.3.6 PP Time Synchronization . 37
6.3.3.4 Receiver Specification . 37
6.3.3.4.1 Receiver Sensitivity . 37
6.3.3.4.2 Adjacent channel rejection . 38
6.3.3.4.3 Non-Adjacent Channel Rejection . 38
6.3.3.4.4 Receiver Maximum Input Level . 38
6.3.4 MCS Parameters . 38
6.3.4.1 General . 38
6.3.4.2 MCS parameters for 0,864 MHz . 38
6.3.4.3 MCS parameters for 1,728 MHz . 40
6.3.4.4 MCS parameters for 3,456 MHz . 42
6.3.4.5 MCS parameters for 6,912 MHz . 44
6.3.4.6 MCS parameters for 13,824 MHz . 46
6.3.4.7 MCS parameters for 20,736 MHz . 48
6.3.4.8 MCS parameters for 27,648 MHz . 50
7 Further technical work on selected topics . 52
7.1 About this clause . 52
7.2 Preliminary simulation results . 52
7.2.1 General . 52
7.2.2 Simulation conditions . 53
7.2.3 Simulation of HE-FS packets. 53
7.2.4 Simulation of ST-LP packets . 54
7.2.5 Shadow fading margin simulation . 55
7.2.6 Transmit and receive example . 56
7.3 Preliminary study of MIMO . 60
7.3.1 MIMO in transmissions using standard packet types . 60
7.3.2 MIMO in transmissions using HE packet types . 60
History . 64
ETSI
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5 ETSI TR 103 514 V1.1.1 (2018-07)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Trademarks
The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners.
ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no
right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does
not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks.
Foreword
This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Digital Enhanced Cordless
Telecommunications (DECT).
The present document presents a study of a new radio interface named DECT-2020. DECT-2020 is a state of the art
radio interface based on OFDM with options for MIMO and is intended as long-term evolution of DECT technology.
The present document is focused on the Physical layer.
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be
interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
Introduction
The current DECT radio interface was designed in the early 1990's and is based on TDMA/TDD with Gaussian
Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK) modulation. Although this interface is able to provide a cost-effective solution for
cordless telephony applications with an appropriate reuse of the spectrum, it cannot provide the high data rates and
bandwidth efficiency required by most modern evolution scenarios. In addition, promising applications such as Audio-
Streaming and Wireless Industrial Automation in Internet of Things (IoT) domain introduces Ultra Reliability and Low
Latency requirements that have to be taken into account in any technology evolution.
IMT-2000 is the term used by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) for a set of globally harmonised
standards for third generation (3G) mobile telecoms services and equipment. 3G services are designed to offer
broadband cellular access at speeds of 2Mbps, which will allow mobile multimedia services to become possible.
DECT is, and will continue to be, one of the IMT-2000 technologies. However, the ITU work continued, first with
IMT-Advanced, and it is now going further with IMT-2020. The term IMT-2020 was coined in 2012 by the ITU and
means International Mobile Telecommunication system with a target date set for 2020, with the intention of addressing
fifth generation (5G) mobile telecoms services and equipment.
ETSI
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6 ETSI TR 103 514 V1.1.1 (2018-07)
The ETSI DECT Technical Committee and the industry body DECT Forum are currently supporting activities to
develop DECT to meet the IMT-2020 requirements. This will require major changes to the existing DECT standards,
and specifically to the MAC and PHL layers.
For the purpose of the present document the terms "DECT-2020", "DECT-2020 New Radio", "DECT-2020 NR" or
"PHL-2020" have all the same meaning and all of them refer to the new radio interface based on OFDM outlined in the
present document. This new radio interface is targeted to meet the IMT-2020 requirements.
The terms FP-2020 or PP-2020 refer to FP and PP (respectively) devices supporting DECT-2020.
The present document is motivated by recent efforts to identify new ways of utilizing efficiently DECT frequency bands
and potentially additional bands. New modes of operation are defined to target a more diverse set of use cases, while
addressing 5G requirements for low latency, high spectral efficiency and large numbers of client nodes.
ETSI
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7 ETSI TR 103 514 V1.1.1 (2018-07)
1 Scope
The present document aims on studying "DECT-2020: New Radio", a new radio interface based on state of the art
paradigms able to offer the required data rates, propagation characteristics and spectrum efficiency, while maintaining
compatibility with the carrier and time structure of the DECT band.
The present document is focused on the Physical layer.
DECT-2020, as defined by the present document, will be based on OFDM and may support space multiplexing
(MIMO).
The study focuses on:
1) Review of use cases and key application areas for DECT-2020.
2) Identification of methodology, initial sources, simulation tools and models.
3) Initial definition of "DECT-2020: New Radio" PHY layer, providing guidance for a following technical
specification.
4) Preliminary simulation results and preliminary study on spatial multiplexing (MIMO).
2 References
2.1 Normative references
Normative references are not applicable in the present document.
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] ETSI EN 300 175-1: "Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Common
Interface (CI); Part 1: Overview".
[i.2] ETSI EN 300 175-2: "Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Common
Interface (CI); Part 2: Physical Layer (PHL)".
[i.3] ETSI EN 300 175-3: "Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Common
Interface (CI); Part 3: Medium Access Control (MAC) layer".
[i.4] ETSI EN 300 175-4: "Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Common
Interface (CI); Part 4: Data Link Control (DLC) layer".
[i.5] ETSI EN 300 175-5: "Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Common
Interface (CI); Part 5: Network (NWK) layer".
[i.6] ETSI EN 300 175-6: "Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Common
Interface (CI); Part 6: Identities and addressing".
[i.7] ETSI EN 300 175-7: "Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Common
Interface (CI); Part 7: Security features".
ETSI
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8 ETSI TR 103 514 V1.1.1 (2018-07)
[i.8] ETSI EN 300 175-8: "Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Common
Interface (CI); Part 8: Speech and audio coding and transmission".
[i.9] ETSI TS 102 939-1: "Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Ultra Low Energy
(ULE); Machine to Machine Communications; Part 1: Home Automation Network (phase 1)".
[i.10] ETSI TS 102 939-2: "Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Ultra Low Energy
(ULE); Machine to Machine Communications; Part 2: Home Automation Network (phase 2)".
[i.11] Draft new Report ITU-R M.[IMT-2020.TECH PERF REQ].
[i.12] ETSI TR 103 515: "Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Study on URLLC
use cases of vertical industries for DECT evolution and DECT-2020".
[i.13] 3GPP TR 22.804 (V1.0.0) (2017-12): "Study on Communication for Automation in Vertical
Domains (Release 15)".
[i.14] ITU Radiocommunication Study Groups; Working Party 5D; draft new Report ITU-R M.[IMT-
2020.EVAL]: "Guidelines for evaluation of radio interface technologies for IMT-2020".
[i.15] ITU Radiocommunication Study Groups; Working Party 5D; Attachment 7.4 to Document
5D/758; Liaison Statement to External Organizations; Further information related to draft new
Report for IMT-2020 evaluation.
[i.16] Guidelines for evaluation of radio interface technologies for IMT-2020, ITU, Revision 2 to
Document 5D/TEMP/347-E, 20 June 2017.
[i.17] IEEE Transactions on Communications: "Robust Frequency and Timing Synchronization for
OFDM"; Timothy M. Schmidl and Donald C. Cox,, Vol. 45, No. 12, December 1997,
pp 1613-1621.
[i.18] ETSI TS 136 211 (V10.7.0): "LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA);
Physical channels and modulation (3GPP TS 36.211 version 10.7.0 Release 10)".
[i.19] 3GPP TS 38.211 (V1.0.0) (2017-09): "NR; Physical channels and modulation".
[i.20] IEEE P802.11ah™/D10.0, Part 11: "Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical
Layer (PHY) Specifications, Amendment 2: Sub 1 GHz License Exempt Operation", September
2016.
[i.21] IEEE Std 802.11ac™-2013, Part 11: "Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical
Layer (PHY) Specifications, Amendment 4: Enhancements for Very High Throughput for
Operation in Bands below 6 GHz".
[i.22] IEEE P802.11ax™/D1.4, Part 11: "Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical
Layer (PHY) Specifications, Amendment 6: Enhancements for High Efficiency WLAN", August
2017.
[i.23] IEEE 802.11-03™/940r4: "TGn Channel Models", May 2004.
[i.24] ETSI TS 136 212 (V10.9.0): "LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA);
Multiplexing and channel coding (3GPP TS 36.212 version 10.9.0 Release 10)".
[i.25] 3GPP TS 38.212 (V1.0.0) (2017-09): "NR; Multiplexing and channel coding".
[i.26] IEEE 802.15-04-0585-00-004b: "Multipath Simulation Models for Sub-GHz PHY Evaluation",
October 2004.
ETSI
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9 ETSI TR 103 514 V1.1.1 (2018-07)
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in ETSI EN 300 175-1 [i.1] and the following
apply:
beacon bearer packet types: packet formats intended for use in beacon bearers and C/L downlink bearers
NOTE: They include synchronization fields and do not need to support MIMO.
DFT bandwidth (MHz): maximum theoretical bandwidth that can be handled by the DFT in a given configuration
"HE" packet types: packet formats intended for continuous data transmission over several frames
NOTE: They may support circuit-mode traffic, URLLC traffic as well as packet mode traffic, and may implement
MIMO.
"Legacy" DECT: current DECT technology as defined by ETSI EN 300 175 parts 1 [i.1] to 8 [i.8]
occupied bandwidth (MHz): bandwidth really occupied by a given configuration
NOTE: It is typically less than the DFT bandwidth due to the insertion of null sub-carriers at bandwidth edges.
RAC packet types: packet types formats intended for use in Random Access Channels (RAC)
NOTE: They may be used for initially accessing a channel, carry only C-plane traffic, and do not need to support
MIMO.
"Standard" packet types: packets intended for IP data packet-mode transmissions
NOTE: They are self-detectable packets usable in either synchronous or asynchronous way and may implement
MIMO. The design of these packets is closer to the designs used in other WLAN technologies.
ULE packet types: packet formats intended for use in ULE (Ultra Low Energy) packet data transmissions
NOTE: They may be used for initially accessing a channel, are able to carry both U-plane and C-plane traffic, and
do not need to support MIMO.
Ultra-Low Energy (ULE): ultra-low power consumption packet data technology based on DECT intended for M2M
communications and defined by ETSI TS 102 939 parts 1 [i.9] and 2 [i.10]
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
N Number of Bits Per SubCarrier
BPSC
N Number of Coded Bits Per Symbol
CBPS
N Number of channel training symbols
CTF
N Number of data bits per symbol
DBPS
N Number of null subcarriers at or surrounding DC
DC
N Discrete Fourier transform size
DFT
N Number of data subcarriers per OFDM symbol
SD
N Number of bits in the SERVICE subfield of the Data field
SERVICE
N Number of null subcarriers
SN
N Number of pilot subcarriers per OFDM symbol
SP
N Highest data subcarrier index per OFDM symbol
SR
N Number of Spatial Streams
SS
N Total number of used subcarriers per OFDM symbol,
ST
N Number of data SYMbols
SYM
N Number of TAIL bits for BCC encoder
TAIL
RX Receiver
T Channel Training Field Time
CTF
ETSI
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10 ETSI TR 103 514 V1.1.1 (2018-07)
T DFT period
DFT
T Frame Time
FRAME
T Guard field Time
GT
T Header Field Time
HF
T Short Header Field Time
HFS
T Slot Time
SLOT
T Synchronization Training Field Time
STF
T Short Synchronization Training Field Time
STFS
T Symbol Time
SYM
TX Transmitter
W Basic Channel Bandwidth / Spacing
BC
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AGC Automatic Gain Control
ARQ Automatic Retransmission Query
ARQ Automatic Repeat-reQuest
AWGN Additive White Gaussian Noise
BCC Binary Convolutional Codes
BCN BeaCoN bearer
BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying
BS Base Station (a.k.a FP, AP)
BW BandWidth
BW BandWidth DFT
DFT
BWO BandWidth Occupied
CFO Carrier Frequency Offset
CP Cyclic Prefix
CTF Channel Training Field
D Downlink
DC Direct Current
DECT Digital
...