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TECHNICAL REPORT
LTE;
Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA);
FDD Home eNode B (HeNB) Radio Frequency (RF)
requirements analysis
(3GPP TR 36.921 version 15.0.1 Release 15)
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3GPP TR 36.921 version 15.0.1 Release 15 1 ETSI TR 136 921 V15.0.1 (2018-11)
Reference
RTR/TSGR-0436921vf01
Keywords
LTE
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3GPP TR 36.921 version 15.0.1 Release 15 2 ETSI TR 136 921 V15.0.1 (2018-11)
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Foreword
This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
The present document may refer to technical specifications or reports using their 3GPP identities, UMTS identities or
GSM identities. These should be interpreted as being references to the corresponding ETSI deliverables.
The cross reference between GSM, UMTS, 3GPP and ETSI identities can be found under
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Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be
interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
ETSI
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3GPP TR 36.921 version 15.0.1 Release 15 3 ETSI TR 136 921 V15.0.1 (2018-11)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 2
Foreword . 2
Modal verbs terminology . 2
Foreword . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 7
3.1 Definitions . 8
3.2 Symbols . 8
3.3 Abbreviations . 8
4 General . 8
4.1 Task description . 8
4.1.1 HeNB Class definition . 8
4.1.2 HeNB measurements and adaptation . 8
5 Radio scenarios . 9
5.1 Deployment configurations . 9
5.2 Interference scenarios . 9
6 HeNB RF Aspects . 9
7 Guidance on How to Control HeNB Interference . 9
7.1 HeNB Measurements . 9
7.1.1 Measurements from all cells . 10
7.1.2 Measurements to identify surrounding cell layers . 10
7.1.3 Measurements from macro cell layer . 10
7.1.4 Measurements of other HeNB cells . 11
7.2 Control of HeNB Downlink Interference . 12
7.2.1 Control Channel Protection . 12
7.2.1.1 Time shifting for overlapped carriers with frame time shifting at symbol level . 12
7.2.1.1.1 Time shifting at symbol level . 12
7.2.1.1.2 Carrier offsetting (possibly in addition to frame time shifting) . 14
7.2.1.2 Carrier offsetting or frequency partitioning with per-subband interference estimation . 15
7.2.1.3 Control of HeNB downlink interference among neighboring HeNBs control channels by
frequency partitioning . 17
7.2.2 Data Channel Protection . 17
7.2.2.1 Control of HeNB Downlink Interference towards macro eNB data channels by frequency
partition . 17
7.2.2.2 Control of HeNB Downlink Interference among neighboring HeNBs . 18
7.2.2.2.1 Centralized Coordination . 18
7.2.2.2.2 Distributed Dynamic Frequency Partitioning . 19
7.2.2.3 Control of HeNB Downlink Interference by dynamically changing HeNB CSG ID . 19
7.2.2.4 Downlink interference management based on mapping between PCIs and transmission patterns . 20
7.2.2.5 Techniques for Dynamic Frequency Partitioning . 21
7.2.2.5.1 Support for dynamic FFR . 23
7.2.2.6 Victim UE Aware Downlink Interference Management . 23
7.2.2.6.1 Determination based on reported UE measurements . 23
7.2.2.6.2 Determination based on detected uplink transmissions . 23
7.2.2.6.3 Protection of idle mode UEs . 24
7.2.3 Power Control . 25
7.2.3.1 HeNB power control based on HUE measurement . 25
7.2.3.2 Smart power control based on interference measurement from macro BS . 26
7.2.3.3 HeNB power control based on HeNB-MUE path loss . 26
7.2.3.4 GPS Based HeNB Maximum Output Adjustment . 27
7.2.3.4.1 Maximum Output Power Adjustment based on GPS Detection Performance . 27
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7.2.3.4.2 GPS Detection Performance Combined with Macro eNB Measurements. 28
7.3 Control of HeNB Uplink Interference . 28
7.3.1 Control Channel Protection . 28
7.3.1.1 HeNB Uplink Control Channel Protection . 28
7.3.1.2 Signaling offset over the backhaul . 29
7.3.2 Power Control . 29
7.3.2.1 Smart Power Control based on Path Loss to Worst Victim Macro eNodeB . 29
7.3.2.1.1 Power Cap Method . 29
7.3.2.1.2 Power Control based on PL from HUE to its serving HeNB and PL from HUE to its worst
victim MeNB . 33
7.3.2.1.3 For Future Releases . 35
7.4 HeNB Self-configuration . 35
7.4.1 Information Exchange between eNBs and HeNBs . 35
7.5 Hybrid Cells . 37
7.5.1 Hybrid Access Level of Service . 37
7.5.2 DL Performance Evaluation . 38
7.5.3 Hybrid Cell RB Resource Management. 40
7.5.4 Hybrid Cell Power Management . 41
Annex A (informative): Change history . 43
History . 44
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3GPP TR 36.921 version 15.0.1 Release 15 5 ETSI TR 136 921 V15.0.1 (2018-11)
Foreword
rd
This Technical Report has been produced by the 3 Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal
TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an
identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows:
Version x.y.z
where:
x the first digit:
1 presented to TSG for information;
2 presented to TSG for approval;
3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control.
y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections,
updates, etc.
z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document.
ETSI
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3GPP TR 36.921 version 15.0.1 Release 15 6 ETSI TR 136 921 V15.0.1 (2018-11)
1 Scope
This document is a technical report of the work item on FDD Home eNodeB RF Requirements [1]. The goal of this
technical report is to satisfy the two objectives of the work item, which are reproduced below,
Objective 1
The existing E-UTRA BS class does not fully address the RF requirements of the HeNB application. Correspondingly,
Objective 1 is to specify the RF requirements for the Home eNodeB in TS 36.104, where the work done for the HNB
can be taken as a basis.
Furthermore, the test specification TS 36.141 would need to be updated accordingly.
It is foreseen that the HeNB-specific additions to TS 36.104 / 36.141 can be accommodated in a manner similar to that
accomplished for the UTRA HNB.
Objective 2
TR 25.820 showed that for the CSG HNB there are occasions where overall system performance may be enhanced by
controlling the HNB output power dependent on the strength of signal from the macro cell layer and from other HNB.
Control of CSG HNB output power mitigates interference to the macro layer and other CSG HNB. Correspondingly, it
is expected that similar observations may be made for the HeNB. Objective 2 is to ensure that operators have the ability
to achieve control of HeNB power; in particular, the work should cover but not be limited by the following,
• The operator has the means to obtain measurements of the strength of signals and the identity (to allow macro
neighbour cell list building) from the macro cell layer and from other HeNBs. Measurements may be made by
the HeNB or may make use of existing measurements defined for the UE; no new UE measurements will be
defined.
• The operator has the means to set the maximum output power of the HeNB, this is expected to introduce changes
to TS 36.104.
• The operator has guidance on how to control HeNB power and expected performance levels in the relevant
scenarios. There are additional factors that may be controlled in E-UTRA in comparison with UTRA, such as
variable bandwidth and allocation of radio sub-carriers; work will be conducted to investigate if similar
mechanisms may be used for controlling HeNB resource allocation versus the macro cell layer and versus other
HeNBs. Additionally, mechanisms may be applied to control HeNB coverage in the case of open access HeNB.
As objective 2 of the work item is to create a published document to provide guidance to operators it is necessary to
issue a TR in the 900 series. To avoid administrative overhead this TR will also be used to document any other output
from this work item.
2 References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present
document.
• References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including
a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same
Release as the present document.
[1] RP-081080, RAN4 work item description, "LTE FDD Home eNodeB RF Requirements".
[2] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications".
[3] R4-093439, "Way forward on HeNB interference management," CMCC, NTT Docomo, Picochip,
Motorola, Qualcomm Europe, Kyocera, Institute for Information Industry, Alcatel Lucent, CATT.
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[4] R4-093349, Femtocell and Macrocell interference coordination based on SFR, Motorola.
[5] R4-092504, "LTE HeNB Interference studies: Hybrid cell deployment scenarios," Vodafone, et
al.
[6] R2-092083, "Support for hybrid home base stations", Ericsson.
[7] R4-092498, "Hybrid HeNB Interference Scenarios and Techniques," Qualcomm Europe.
[8] R4-093556, "HeNB Downlink Interference Avoidance with Adaptive Frequency Selection", NEC.
[9] R4-094248, "HeNB Adaptive Frequency Selection", NEC.
[10] R4-100019, "HeNB Power Control Based on HUE Measurement", NEC.
[11] R4-092712, "HeNB to macro eNB cochannel interference simulations – uplink", picochip
[12] R4-093620, "Network Assisted Interference Coordination between Macro eNodeB and Home
eNodeB in Downlink", Kyocera.
[13] R4-091907, "Frequency Reuse Results with Mixed Traffic", Qualcomm Europe.
[14] R4-091908, "Partial Bandwidth Control Channel Performance", Qualcomm Europe.
[15] 3GPP TS 22.220: "Service requirements for Home Node B (HNB) and Home eNode B (HeNB)",
v9.1.1.
[16] R4-091906, "Frequency reuse results with full buffer", Qualcomm Europe, May 2009.
[17] R4-091907, "Frequency Reuse Results with Mixed Traffic", Qualcomm Europe.
[18] R4-094851, "Utility Messages for HeNB ICIC", Qualcomm Europe
[19] R4-092872, "Downlink interference coordination between HeNBs", CMCC, August 2009.
[20] 3GPP TR 25.967: "Home Node B (HNB) Radio Frequency (RF) requirements (FDD)", v900.
[21] 3GPP TS 36.331: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Radio Resource
Control (RRC); Protocol specification", v9.0.0.
[22] R4-902712, "HeNB to macro eNB cochannel interference simulations –uplink," picoChip.
[23] R4-093617, "Home UE Uplink Interference Mitigation Schemes Based on Pathloss Difference
toward LTE Release 9," Kyocera.
[24] R4-092042, "Simulation assumptions and parameters for FDD HeNB RF requirements," Alcatel-
Lucent, picoChip Designs and Vodafone.
[25] R4-091796, "Power control assumptions for FDD HeNB simulation," Alcatel-Lucent, picoChip
Designs and Vodafone.
[26] 3GPP TS 36.213: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer
procedures", v8.8.0.
[27] R4-093618, "Network Assisted Home UE Transmission Power Control in Uplink," Kyocera.
[28] 3GPP TR 36.922: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); TDD Home eNode B
(HeNB) Radio Frequency (RF) requirements analysis".
[29] R4-100193, picoChip Designs, Kyocera, "Victim UE Aware Downlink Interference Management".
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [2] and the following apply. A
term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [2].
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3.1 Definitions
(Void)
3.2 Symbols
(Void)
3.3 Abbreviations
HeNB Home Enhanced Node B
HNB Home NodeB
CSG Closed Subscriber Group
GPS Global Positioning System
4 General
As agreed in the work item proposal [1]:
Within the course of increasing terminal penetration and fixed-mobile convergence, an upcoming demand for LTE
Home eNodeBs is observed to provide attractive services and data rates in home environments.
E-UTRAN was developed and defined under the assumption of coordinated network deployment whereas home
eNodeBs are typically associated with uncoordinated and large scale deployment.
Aim of this work item is to amend the E-UTRAN eNodeB related RF specifications and base the work on the
experience gathered in the RAN4 specific part of TR 25.820 to support the Home eNodeBs application. No changes to
the UE RF specifications are foreseen.
The scope of this work item is limited to the E-UTRA FDD mode.
The interference analysis can be expected to be similar to that conducted for UTRA so the conclusions from that work
would be expected to broadly apply to E-UTRA as well.
4.1 Task description
4.1.1 HeNB Class definition
The purpose of this work is to update the radio performance requirement specification TS 36.104, further work required
to agree on new parameter values will be documented in the TR and the updates required in test specification TS 36.141
will be documented.
4.1.2 HeNB measurements and adaptation
The purpose of this work item is to ensure that operators have necessary information about how to adjust the output
transmission power of HeNB as a function of the signal strength from the macro cell layer, and/or from other HeNBs,
in order to enhance overall system performance.
In order to achieve this, (at least) the following areas should be addressed:
1) Guidance on how to control HeNB power
a) The intention is to provide guidance to operators on possible strategies and expected performance in typical
exemplary deployment scenarios.
b) Is it possible to have the same mechanism to control HeNB output power with respect to the macro cell layer,
other surrounding HeNBs, and in the case of HeNB coverage control for open access HeNB.
c) It is not the intention to mandate HeNB behaviour.
2) Measurements of surrounding environment (i.e. macro and other HeNBs signal strength)
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a) Issues to address include factors that govern accuracy and timeliness of the suggested measurements, and the
ability to identify the macro neighbour cell list.
b) It is not the intention to restrict the vendor's scope about how to perform measurements.
c) It is envisaged that measurements will be performed directly by the HeNB or by employing the UEs attached
to the HeNB, using existing UE defined measurements.
3) Mechanism to set maximum power
a) Issues to address include accuracy and timeliness of HeNB maximum power setting.
b) It is not the intention to restrict the vendor's scope about how to process measurements.
c) It is not the intention to restrict the vendor's scope about which network element the measurements may be
processed in.
d) It is not the intention to restrict to which network entities measurements are reported. However, it is not
envisaged that new signalling will be standardised to support this.
4) Mechanism to adjust HeNB uplink.
a) Issues to address include possibility to adjust uplink noise rise target.
b) It is not the intention to restrict the vendor's scope about what actions may be taken regarding HeNB uplink.
5 Radio scenarios
5.1 Deployment configurations
For deployment configurations, FDD HeNB and TDD HeNB will have similar configurations. Please refer to TR
36.922 [28].
5.2 Interference scenarios
For interference scenarios, FDD HeNB and TDD HeNB will have similar scenarios. Please refer to TR 36.922 [28].
6 HeNB RF Aspects
FDD HeNB and TDD HeNB will have similar RF requirements. Please refer to TR 36.922 [28].
7 Guidance on How to Control HeNB Interference
7.1 HeNB Measurements
Several types of measurements that HeNB can perform are listed in the following subsections. The objectives of the
HeNB measurements are
- to provide sufficient information to the HeNB for the purpose of interference mitigation
- to provide sufficient information to the HeNB such that the HeNB coverage can be maintained.
According to the measurement type, some of these measurements can be collected through Connected Mode UEs
attached to the HeNB or via a DL Receiver function within the HeNB itself. Such DL receiver function is also called
Network Listen Mode (NLM), Radio Environment Measurement (REM) or "HeNB Sniffer".
These measurements can also be used during the HeNB self-configuration process.
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7.1.1 Measurements from all cells
This section identifies the potential measurements performed by HeNB during self-configuration and normal operation.
Based on the measurements in Table 7.1.1-1, the HeNB can obtain useful information from its surrounding cells for
purposes such as interference management.
Table 7.1.1-1: HeNB measurements from surrounding cells
Measurement Type Purpose Measurement Source(s)
Calculation of UL interference towards HeNB
Received Interference Power HeNB UL Receiver
(from MUE)
HeNB could use the Received Interference Power measurement to monitor the uplink interference. For example, a
Received Interference Power measurement value larger than a pre-defined threshold would mean that at least an MUE
which is interfered by a HeNB is close to the HeNB and that the MUE's Tx power would cause significant interference
towards the HeNB. This measurement value may be used in calculating path loss between the HeNB and the MUE
assuming that a single MUE dominates the interference. It is also preferable for the HeNB to distinguish between UL
interference from the MUE and wanted signals from HUEs to improve the accuracy of interference measurement.
7.1.2 Measurements to identify surrounding cell layers
This section identifies the potential measurements performed by HeNB during self-configuration and normal operation.
Based on the measurements in Table 7.1.2-1, the HeNB can obtain useful information to identify the layer of its
surrounding cells a
...