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PREDSTANDARD
april 2006
Varnostne zahteve za dvižne mize
Safety requirements for lifting tables
ICS 53.020.99 Referenčna številka
oSIST prEN 1570:2006(en)
© Standard je založil in izdal Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljeno
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EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 1570
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
February 2006
ICS Will supersede EN 1570:1998
English Version
Safety requirements for lifting tables
Prescriptions de sécurité des tables élévatrices
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 98.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1570:2006: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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prEN 1570:2006 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword. 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope. 6
2 Normative references. 7
3 Terms and definitions. 8
4 List of hazards. 9
5 Safety requirements. 13
5.1 Calculations. 13
5.2 Safeguarding. 15
5.3 Speeds. 21
5.4 Platform. 21
5.5 Operator position. 21
5.6 Mobile lifting tables. 22
5.7 Mechanical driving system . 24
5.8 Hydraulic system. 28
5.9 Pneumatic system. 28
5.10 Electrical system. 29
5.11 Safety devices. 29
6 Marking. 30
7 Information for use . 31
8 Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures . 32
8.1 General. 32
Annex A (informative) Overloading . 35
Annex B (normative) Noise. 36
Annex C (normative) Test procedures . 37
Annex D (informative) Test certificates for lifting tables. 40
Annex E (informative) Controls. 41
Annex F (normative) Manual force measurement methods. 43
Annex G (informative) Signs. 45
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC . 46
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prEN 1570:2006 (E)
Figures
Figure 1 — Gaps between arms and base of scissor lifting tables .17
Figure 2 — Minimum foot clearances when lowering .17
Figure 3 — Arrangement of mechanically actuated trip device.17
Figure 4 — Example of horizontal guard-rail .18
Figure 5 — Clear space between two guard-rail segments.18
Figure 6 — Free space for feet .24
Figure 7 — Foot protection .24
Figure E.1 — Arrangement of buttons.42
Figure E.2 — Arrangement of foot operated buttons.42
Figure E.3 — Up and down movement of horizontal levers .42
Figure E.4 — Left and right movements of horizontal levers.42
Figure E.5 — Movement of vertical levers.42
Figure E.6 — Arrangement of pedals.42
Figure E.7 — Movement of hand wheels .42
Figure E.8 — Covering of foot operated buttons.42
Tables
Table 1.10
Table C.1 — Analysis of possible overload situations of lifting tables and the effect of
a load control device .38
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prEN 1570:2006 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN 1570:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 98 “Lifting
platforms”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 1570:1998.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and
the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA which is an integral part of this
document.
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prEN 1570:2006 (E)
Introduction
This standard is a Type C standard as stated in EN 12100.
This standard has been prepared to be a harmonized standard to provide one means of conforming
with the Essential Safety Requirements of the Machinery Directive and associated EFTA Regulations.
The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope of this standard. In addition, lifting
tables should comply as appropriate with EN 12100 for hazards which are not covered in this
standard.
Where, for clarity, an example of a safety measure is given in the text this shall not be considered as
the only possible solution. Any other solution leading to the same risk reduction is permissible if an
equivalent level of safety is achieved.
While producing this standard it was assumed that where there is a special requirement for a low
noise level, e. g. hospital applications, theatre applications etc. this will be specified by the customer
and appropriate measures taken by the manufacturer.
While producing this standard, it was assumed that only trained persons using the equipment in
accordance with manufacturers instructions operate the lifting tables and that the working area is
adequately lit.
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prEN 1570:2006 (E)
1 Scope
1.1 This European Standard specifies the safety requirements for lifting tables for raising and/or
lowering goods and/or persons associated with the movement of goods carried by the lifting table (i. e.
not for passenger use).
1.2 This European Standard deals with all significant hazards pertinent to lifting tables when they
are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4). This
European Standard specifies the appropriate technical measures to eliminate or reduce the risks
arising from the significant hazards.
1.3 Both power operated and manually operated lifting tables are included whether stationary or
mobile.
1.4 This European Standard does not apply to the following equipment:
permanently installed lifting tables, serving specific levels of a building and fitted with a car;
lifting tables whose travel speed exceeds 0,15 m/s (unless safe by position and non person
carrying);
power operated lifting platforms for persons with impaired mobility;
mobile lifting tables for airport ground support equipment;
lifting tables used as part of a lift under the “Lift Directive”;
lifting tables used on ships;
mobile elevating work platforms;
vehicle lifts for maintenance;
mobile lifting tables used for fire fighting;
mobile lifting tables used as fork lift trucks, and order pickers;
mobile lifting tables with a horizontal travelling speed of more than 1,6 m/s;
rail dependent storage and retrieval equipment;
theatre stage lifts;
scissor lift pallet trucks;
suspended lifting tables.
1.5 This standard does not consider the power supply to the lifting table by internal combustion
engine.
This standard does not establish the additional requirements for:
operation in severe conditions (e. g. extreme climates, freezer applications, strong magnetic
fields);
operation subject to special rules (e. g. potentially explosive atmospheres, mines);
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prEN 1570:2006 (E)
handling of loads, the nature of which could lead to dangerous situations (e. g. molten metal,
acids, radiating materials, especially brittle loads);
hazards occurring during construction, transportation and disposal;
equipment installed on the load platform or replacing it;
integration into systems or other machines, control from more than two control stations, etc.;
cable-less controls;
lifting tables where the hydraulic pressure is derived directly from gas pressure.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 294, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by upper
limbs
EN 349, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body
EN 414, Safety of machinery — Rules for drafting and presentation of safety standards
EN 418, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop equipment, functional aspects — Principles for
design
EN 563, Safety of machinery — Temperatures of touchable surfaces — Ergonomics data to establish
temperature limit values for hot surfaces
EN 811, Safety of machinery — Safety related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles
for design
EN 982, Safety of machinery — Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components —
Hydraulics
EN 983, Safety of machinery — Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components —
Pneumatics
EN 1050, Safety of machinery — Principles for risk assessment
EN 60204-1:1992, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General
requirements
EN 1088, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for design
and selection
EN 1760-1, Safety of machinery — Pressure sensitive devices — Part 1: General principles for the
design and testing of pressure sensitive mats and pressure sensitive floors
EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
EN 61496, Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — General requirements
and tests
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prEN 1570:2006 (E)
EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts — General principles for design —
Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology
EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts — General principles for design —
Part 2: Technical principles
ISO 606, Short-pitch transmission precision roller chains and chain wheels
ISO 2408, Steel wire ropes for general purposes — Characteristic
ISO 4301-1, Cranes and lifting appliances — Classification — Part 1: General
ISO 4308-1, Cranes and lifting appliances — Selection of wire ropes — Part 1: General
ISO 4308-2, Cranes and lifting appliances — Selection of wire ropes — Part 1: Mobile cranes —
Coefficient of utilization
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this standard the following terms and definitions apply:
3.1
lifting table
load lifting device with a load supporting platform rigidly guided throughout its travel (e. g. guided by
its own mechanism)
3.2
fixed lifting table
a lifting table where the place of installation is not intended to be changed
3.3
moveable lifting table
a lifting table installed so that the place of installation may be readily changed
3.4
mobile lifting table
a load lifting device which is mobile by one or more integrated devices (e. g. wheels, air cushions etc.)
3.5
guided mobile lifting table
a lifting table which runs on a pre-set route, (e. g. on rails, in tracks etc.)
3.6
self-propelled lifting table
a lifting table, other than vehicle mounted, which is capable of horizontal movement under its own
power
3.7
automatic programme controlled lifting table
a lifting table where movement takes place that is not initiated by the normal manual controls (e. g.
self levelling etc.)
3.8
load platform
the part of the lifting table (including linking/bridging plate) designed to accommodate the working load
and/or persons. Fork arms are considered as a load platform for goods only
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prEN 1570:2006 (E)
3.9
vertical travel
the vertical distance between the highest and the lowest working position for which the lifting table is
designed
3.10
nominal load
the load that the manufacturer has guaranteed that the machine will lift when used in accordance with
the instruction handbook
3.11
guard
part of the machine specifically used to provide protection by means of a physical barrier
3.12
safe by position
condition when a lifting table or part of a lifting table is sufficiently shielded from access to avoid any
hazard to persons or goods
3.13
emergency stop control
that component of emergency stop equipment which generates the emergency stop signal when the
associated manual control (actuator) is operated
3.14
operator
the person operating the lifting table
3.15
maximum working pressure
the highest pressure in the hydraulic or pneumatic system or part of system at which it is intended to
operate under normal working conditions with rated load
3.16
person carrying lifting table
a lifting table whose platform is entered by a person or persons for the purpose of loading or
unloading or the lifting or persons associated with the transporting of goods
3.17
car
load carrying platform completely enclosed by full length walls, door(s) and ceiling with the exception
of ventilation apertures
4 List of hazards
The list of hazards according to the following table is based on EN 1050.
The table has been formulated to show the hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events
which have been identified by risk assessment to be relevant for this type of machinery and which
require action to eliminate or reduce risk.
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prEN 1570:2006 (E)
Table 1
Hazard Hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events Clause no. in
Reference this standard
no.
1 Mechanical hazards due to:
Machine parts or work pieces, e. g.:
a) Shape 5.2.1,5.2.8
b) Relative location 5.2.8
c) Mass and stability (potential energy of elements which may 5.1.1.7
move under the effect of gravity)
d) Mass and velocity (kinetic energy of elements in controlled 5.1.1.6
and uncontrolled motion)
e) Inadequacy of mechanical strength 5.1
Accumulation of energy inside the machinery, e. g.:
f) Elastic elements (springs) 5.8.10, 5.9.6
1.1 Crushing hazard 5.2.1/2/3/4/6
1.2 Shearing hazard 5.2.1/2/3/4/6
1.3 Cutting or severing hazard 5.2.8
1.4 Entanglement hazard 5.2.9
1.5 Drawing-in or trapping hazard 5.2.10
1.6 Impact hazard 5.2.11
1.9 High pressure fluid injection or ejection hazard 5.8.3
2 Electrical hazards due to:
2.1 Contact of persons with live parts (direct contact) 5.10.1
2.2 Contact of persons with parts which have become live under faulty 5.10.1/2
conditions (indirect contact)
2.3 Approach to live parts under high voltage 5.10.1/2
3 Thermal hazards, resulting in:
3.1 Burns, scalds and other injuries by a possible contact of persons with 5.2.16
objects or materials with an extreme high or low by flames or
explosions and also by the radiation of heat sources
4 Hazards generated by noise See Annex B
7 Hazards generated by materials and substances (and their 5.8.2/3, 7.2.3
constituent element) processed or used by the machinery
7.1 Hazards from contact with or inhalation of harmful fluids, gases, mists, 5.8.2/3, 7.2.3
fumes, and dusts
8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in 5.6.4, 5.6.11,
machinery design as, e. g. hazards from: 5.8.11
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prEN 1570:2006 (E)
Table 1 (continued)
Hazard Hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events Clause no. in
Reference this standard
no.
8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive effort 5.6.4, 5.6.11,
5.8.11
8.2 Inadequate consideration of hand-arm or foot-leg anatomy 5.2.1/2
8.4 Inadequate local lighting Introduction
8.6 Human error, human behaviour 5.5.2, 5.5.4,
5.5.6, 5.7.7
8.7 Inadequate design, location or identification of manual controls 5.5.1,
5.5.3/4/5/6/7
10 Unexpected start-up, unexpected overrun/overspeed
(or any similar malfunction) from;
10.2 Restoration of energy supply after an interruption 5.10.1
10.3 External influences on electrical equipment 5.10.1
10.4 Other external influences (gravity, wind, etc.) 5.5.3/4/5
10.6 Errors made by the operator (due to mismatch of machinery with 5.5.3/4/5/6
human characteristics and abilities, see 8.6)
11 Impossibility of stopping the machine in the best possible 5.5.7
conditions
13 Failure of the power supply 5.10.1
14 Failure of the control circuit 5.10.1
15 Errors of fitting 7.3
16 Break up during operation 5.1.1, 5.7.5,
5.8.7, 5.9.7, 7.1,
7.2
17 Falling or ejected objects or fluids 5.8.1/2/3/4,
5.2.13/14, 7.1
18 Loss of stability/overturning of machinery 5.1.2
19 Slip, trip and fall of persons (related to machinery) 5.2.12/13/14/15,
5.4.1
Additional hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events due to mobility
20 Relating to the travelling function
20.1 Movement when starting the engine 5.6.3
20.2 Movement without a driver at the driving position 5.6.2
20.3 Movement without all parts in safe position 5.2.19, 5.3.2
20.4 Excessive speed of pedestrian controlled machinery 5.3.2
20.5 Excessive oscillations when moving 5.3.3
20.6 Insufficient ability of machinery to be slowed down, stopped and 5.6.2, 5.6.5,
immobilised 5.6.8
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prEN 1570:2006 (E)
Table 1 (continued)
Hazard Hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events Clause no. in
Reference this standard
no.
21.4 Mechanical hazards at the work position:
a) Contact with the wheels; 5.6.5
b) Rollover; 5.1.2.1
c) Fall of objects, penetration by objects; 5.2.13/14
d) Contact of persons with machine parts or tools (pedestrian 5.2.11
controlled machines)
21.5 Insufficient visibility from the work positions 5.5.1
21.6 Inadequate lighting Introduction
21.8 Noise at work position Annex B
22 Due to control system
22.1 Inadequate location of manual controls 5.5.1
22.2 Inadequate design of manual controls and their mode of operation 5.5.3/4/5, 5.6.2
23 From handling the machine (lack of stability) 7.1
24 Due to the power source and to the transmission of power
24.3 Hazards from coupling and towing 5.6.7
25 From/to third persons
25.1 Unauthorised start-up/use 5.5.3
25.2 Drift of a part away from its stopping position 5.5.2, 5.6.1/2/3
25.3 Lack or inadequacy of visual or acoustic warning means 5.2.11
26 Insufficient instructions for the driver/operator 7.1,
Introduction
Additional hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events due to lifting
27 Mechanical hazards and hazardous events
27.1 from load falls, collisions, machine tipping caused by:
27.1.1 lack of stability 5.1.2.1
27.1.2 Uncontrolled loading – overloading – overturning moments exceeded Annex A
5.1.2.1/2, 5.8.4,
5.9.4, 5.1.2.1/2,
5.7.11/12,
6.9.6.12
27.1.3 uncontrolled amplitude of movements 5.5.2
27.1.4 unexpected/unintended movement of loads 5.4.3
27.1.5 Inadequate holding devices/accessories 5.8.9, 5.9.8, 7.1
27.2 from access of persons to load support 6.10, 6.11
27.3 from derailment 5.6.8
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Table 1 (continued)
Hazard Hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events Clause no. in
Reference this standard
no.
27.4 from insufficient mechanical strength of parts 5.1, 5.2.13.10,
5.7.1.1, 5.7.3.1,
5.7.4.1, 5.7.5.2,
5.7.6.2, 5.7.2.1,
8.1.5
27.5 from inadequate design of pulleys, drums 5.7.1.2/3,
5.7.5.3, 5.7.6.3
27.6 from inadequate selection of chains, ropes, lifting and accessories 5.7.1.1, 5.7.2.1,
and their inadequate integration into the machine 5.7.5.4, 5.7.6.4
27.7 from lowering of the load under the control of friction brake 5.7.15
27.8 from abnormal conditions of assembly/testing/use/maintenance 7.1, 8.1.7.1
27.9 from the effect of load on persons (impact by loading or - 5.2.14, 7.1
counterweight)
28 Electrical Hazards
29 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles
29.1 insufficient visibility from the driving position 5.2.15, 5.5.1
Additional hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events due to the lifting or moving of
persons
34 Mechanical hazards and hazardous events due to:
34.1 inadequate mechanical strength – inadequate working coefficients 5.1
34.2 failing of loading control 5.1.2
34.3 failing of controls in person carrier (function, priority) 5.5.2
34.4 overspeed of person carrier 5.3, 5.2.20/21,
5.7.8.1, 5.8.7,
5.9.9
35 Falling of person from person carrier 5.2.12/13/14
36 Falling or overturning of person carrier 5.1.2
37 Human error, human behaviour 6.0
5 Safety requirements
5.1 Calculations
5.1.1 Stress
5.1.1.1 The lifting table shall be designed in accordance with usual calculation codes and good
engineering practice and all failure modes of the material shall be considered including fatigue failure.
5.1.1.2 The stresses in any part of the lifting table using the permissible stress method, under
normal working conditions, shall not exceed the lower of the following:
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prEN 1570:2006 (E)
a) 0,66 times the yield stress of the material used, or;
b) 0,50 times the ultimate tensile stress of the material used.
5.1.1.3 The stresses shall be calculated for the condition of the lifting table carrying its rated load
and being used in accordance with the manufacturers instructions.
The loads shall include all actual static and dynamic forces both vertical and horizontal, all wind forces,
and all forces applied to the platform during loading and unloading.
5.1.1.4 The minimum dynamic forces to be used for the calculations of 5.1.1.3 shall result from
either:
a) the total vertical load (this includes the rated load and the self weight of the moving parts of the
structure) increased by 40 % and;
b) 10 % of the rated load taken as acting horizontally at the platform level, in the direction causing
the maximum stress in the part being considered.
If side barriers prevent movement of the load in a particular direction this direction need not be
considered.
or alternatively lifting tables may be also allocated to the following categories:
Lifting
Examples of use
category
Lifting tables with a clearly defined lifting load and
1 1,1 2,5 % 8 where other forces can be excluded; height
adjustment without systematic lateral forces.
Lifting tables suited for the use of manual work; e. g.
2 1,2 5,0 % 32
adjustable height work station
Lifting tables suited for crossing with, e. g. manually
operated industrial trucks, electric pallet-stacking
3 1,3 10 % 128
trucks with a maximum braking of 10 %.
Lifting tables with mounted gravity conveyors.
Lifting tables suited for passing with, e. g. power-driven
industrial trucks, electric pallet-stacking truck with a
4 1,4 20 % 512
maximum braking of 20 %.
Lifting tables with mounted powered conveyors.
When a lifting table is crossed by vehicles, or is integrated in a handling device, the lateral forces have to be
verified in individual cases. Higher horizontal load coefficients have to be established if required.
5.1.1.5 If persons are to be carried on the platform, their load shall be taken as 80 kg,
concentrated in an area of 0,2 m by 0,2 m for each person, spaced apart at 0,5 m centre to centre
and placed in the most unfavourable position on the platform for stress calculations.
14
Dynamic factor
Horizontal load
coefficient
[in % of the rated load]
Minimum load cycles
3
under full load [x10 ]
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prEN 1570:2006 (E)
5.1.1.6 It shall be possible for the forces produced when the safety device is operated, to be
accepted without permanent deformation of the normal load bearing parts, when used in accordance
with the manufacturer’s instructions.
5.1.1.7 Every lifting table shall also be designed to at least:
a) in one case lift half the rated load distributed over hal
...